Studies have found that fermented foods directly increase the diversity of the gut microbiome, improve blood sugar control, and lower systemic inflammation.From yogurt to sauerkraut to kimchi and kefir, almost every culture on earth has fermented foods in its traditional cuisines. Fermentation originated naturally, long before human civilization, when wild yeasts and bacteria accidentally encountered sugars, spontaneously triggering chemical transformations.Now, fermented foods are re-emerging as research is demonstrating their nutritional pros. They are preserved using an age-old process that not only boosts the food's shelf life and nutritional value, but can give your body a dose of healthy probiotics, which are live microorganisms crucial to healthy digestion, according to Dr. David S. Ludwig, a professor of nutrition at the Harvard School of Public Health.Fermented foods are packed with probiotics that serve a plethora of purposes. Other benefits include:Improves immune functionProtects against hostile bacteria Improves digestion and absorption of food and nutrients. Produce essential nutrients like vitamins K and B Synthesize short-chain fatty acidsIncrease bioavailability of iron, zinc, and other mineralsFermented foods should be consumed daily, not barely. It is advised to try a variety of fermented foods as each of them offers unique nutritional values. Here’s what you need to know about fermented foods and how to incorporate them into your diet.Also read: AI Cannot Replace Doctors, It Can Only Complement, Says Dr Santosh SivaranjaniWhat Are Fermented Foods?Fermented foods are defined as foods or beverages produced through controlled microbial growth and the conversion of food through enzymatic action. These foods are transformed by microbes intentionally, unlike spoiled foods that are altered unintentionally by microbes.A lot of fermented foods are produced across the globe, including dairy, vegetables, grains, and legumes. Some of the popular ones that are consumed are sourdough bread, kimchi, curd, miso, etc.When we eat fermented foods, the bacteria survive the digestion and make their way to the small and large intestines, where they secrete beneficial compounds, inhibit intestinal pathogens, and influence the composition of the gut microbiome.Not all fermented foods contain live microorganisms. Major examples of this are chocolate and coffee.Chocolate is made by fermenting cacao beans with natural yeasts and bacteria, which are killed off when the beans are heated and roasted.Coffee is considered a fermented food because beans typically undergo a fermentation process. The microbes are destroyed when coffee beans are roasted.The flavor profiles of both chocolate and coffee are influenced by fermentation, leading to the creation of that unique and rich flavour loved by everyone.“A big part of the reason that chocolate or coffee tastes different is because of the way that it’s fermented in that region and the microbes that are present in that region,” said Chris Damman, a microbiome and nutrition expert and gastroenterologist at the digestive health center at the University of Washington Medical Center. How To Eat Fermented FoodsIdeally, one or two servings of fermented food should be eaten daily, and new varieties should be tried to gain the full benefits of consuming different types of polyphenols, probiotics, and their by-products. Fermented foods like kimchi, pickles, and sauerkraut can be relatively high in sodium, so avoid them when on low-sodium diets or with hypertension. Eating too many fermented foods can create problems for those who have a compromised immune system.For those who are well, look for ways to incorporate fermented foods in your favorite dishes. Here's how:While having a burger or stir fry, add a topping of kimchi; While eating salad, top it up with sauerkraut sauce; If granola or cereal is being eaten, replace milk with kefir.Craving a snack? Have a bowl of plain Greek yogurt topped off with fruits instead of junk items.How to Add Fermented Foods To Your Daily Meals Add kimchi to everyday meals. Kimchi can be used as a side dish in sandwiches, wraps, burgers, rice bowls, or even on a toast for that spicy probiotic boost.Swap regular yogurt with Greek yogurt. There is a wide variety of yogurt available that can be enjoyed by garnishing with fruits and granola.Instead of sugary soft drinks, drink Kombucha- a fermented tea that offers a tangy flavor and refreshing feel.Incorporate fermented soy products like Tempeh and Miso in stir fries, soups, salads, and gain bowls.Bonus tip: Start with small portions and gradually increase the intake to allow your digestive system to adapt.