Tanya Dutt

Meet Louise Brown- The World’s First IVF Baby

Meet Louise Brown- The World’s First IVF Baby And The Innovators Who Changed The Face Of Infertility Treatment Forever

Almost half a century ago, a maverick event marked the course of medical history into a new and revolutionary phase. The birth of <span>Louise Brown</span> on 25th July 1978 marked the world's first baby born through a process of <span>In-Vitro Fertilization</span> or IVF. With Louise Brown, hope for millions of infertile couples dawned across the globe and massive debates followed regarding the ethics of assisted reproduction. 

The new drama for Netflix is titled Joy after Louise's middle name, takes viewers back to the great journey of pioneers for this groundbreaking achievement. Louise, 46 now and working at a bakery in Bristol, has heard more than her share of thanks from strangers. She's quick to say, however, that it is her parents and the triumvirate of British visionaries-physician Robert Edwards, embryology nurse Jean Purdy, and gynecologic surgeon Patrick Steptoe-who faced incredible obstacles to make her existence possible.

“I still get people come up to me saying, ‘Oh, you’re amazing.’ And I’m like, ‘I didn’t do anything, it was Mum and Dad and the three doctors.’ It’s lovely people who want to thank them,” told The US Sun.

Netflix drama Joy looks at the sacrifices made by the team to create IVF. Dr. Robert Edwards started his research into fertilization in 1955, but in 1968, he was the first to fertilize a human egg. However, the success did not attract encouraging support from the medical fraternity, and Edwards did not get any funds for continued research. He, along with nurse Jean Purdy and surgeon Patrick Steptoe, planned a clinic in an abandoned ward of Royal Oldham Hospital.

The couple had personal and professional challenges. Edwards was away from his family and children for 170 miles, Purdy had conflict with her religious mother, and Steptoe was putting off his retirement dreams. Public opposition further tested their strength, and opponents referred to their work as unnatural and even vandalized their clinic with the word "Frankenbabies."

Their diligence paid off after years of trial and error. A breakthrough came when Edwards decided to use a naturally produced egg instead of stimulating the ovaries through hormones. This new approach proved successful with Louise's mother, Lesley, who had been trying to conceive for a decade. 

Lesley Brown and her husband, John, decided they would like a child even though the odds were completely stacked against them. Diagnosed with blocked fallopian tubes, Lesley was told that her chances of conceiving were one in a million. Lesley approached Steptoe for assistance after a gynecological operation she was obliged to pay for herself, thanks to a win on her football pools. The Browns were entered in the experimental IVF procedure.

Lesley’s faith in the team was unwavering. Louise recounted, “If they had said, ‘Go into Trafalgar Square and stand on your head naked and you’ll get pregnant,’ she would have”, as reported in The US Sun.

The process worked on the 101st attempt. A single egg fertilized in a petri dish with John's sperm was successfully implanted in Lesley's womb. Nine months later, Louise was delivered via Caesarean section, with the world's media waiting outside the hospital.

Although successful, the aftermath of birth for Louise was far from smooth. Her family received death threats and vile messages - once even a smashed test tube through the post with a foetus-like object inside - and Louise herself was subjected to over 100 tests as a newborn to dispel doubts about her health.

While her birth was a scientific success, it was also an intensely personal one. "When I had my sons, I realized how good those people were,"* Louise said, speaking of the sacrifices of her parents and the scientists."

The film Joy honors the work of the trio, especially Jean Purdy, who died at 39 years of age in 1985. Although she played a critical role, the historical accounts of her work were often overlooked. Her name wasn't put on the plaque celebrating the team's triumph until 2022.

It was Dr Robert Edwards, who continued to keep in touch with Louise even up to his death in 2013, who was rewarded with the Nobel Prize in 2010 for his work on IVF. Jean and Patrick were both deceased by then.

Louise summarizes, "They have done it for 12 million of us. I owe them my life. I'd do anything for any of them, my parents, and the three scientists.

Today, over 12 million babies worldwide have been born through IVF-a testament to the vision and perseverance of Edwards, Purdy, and Steptoe. Louise Brown's story, now immortalized in Joy, is as much a story of medical innovation as it is about human resilience and the power of hope. 

The Long-Term Effects of IVF on Modern Health Care

Birth of Louise Brown was more than a medical milestone; it led to revolution in reproductive healthcare. Successive decades have changed millions of lives through IVF technology with hope for individuals and couples wanting a child. Beyond the origins, the field of ART has evolved into a wide research sector that pushes beyond the frontiers of science and redefines possible interventions in human reproduction.

Success in IVF has led to research on related techniques, such as intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), vitrified eggs, and preimplantation genetic testing. These all granted the power of reproductive control, allowing even in defiance of age, genetic conditions, or cancer treatments, to plan a family.

The principles developed by the original IVF team have paved the way for better understanding of reproductive biology, innovation in treating problems like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and endometriosis. The existence of IVF has raised awareness about infertility and helped reduce the stigma around seeking medical help.

Still, with every medical discovery, IVF has its unique share of hurdles. Many issues concerned with accessibility and affordability ensue and take center stage in the ART discourse, and along with the potential to transform lives, IVF is still expensive for many people, a challenge for global health organizations to equitably access.

Health care providers emphasize the value of education and support provided to patients at every step of the IVF process. IVF often requires multiple attempts and is often physically, emotionally, and financially stressful. Support for psychological well-being has increasingly been an essential element of treatment through counseling and stress management in IVF clinics.

Health Conditions A-Z

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women health

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infertility issues

pregnancy concerns

sexual health

reproductive issues

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Almost half a century ago, a maverick event marked the course of medical history into a new and revolutionary phase. The birth of Louise Brown on 25th July 1978 marked the world's first baby born through a process of In-Vitro Fertilization or IVF. With Louise Brown, hope for millions of infertile couples dawned across the globe and massive debates followed regarding the ethics of assisted reproduction. The new drama for Netflix is titled Joy after Louise's middle name, takes viewers back to the great journey of pioneers for this groundbreaking achievement. Louise, 46 now and working at a bakery in Bristol, has heard more than her share of thanks from strangers. She's quick to say, however, that it is her parents and the triumvirate of British visionaries-physician Robert Edwards, embryology nurse Jean Purdy, and gynecologic surgeon Patrick Steptoe-who faced incredible obstacles to make her existence possible.“I still get people come up to me saying, ‘Oh, you’re amazing.’ And I’m like, ‘I didn’t do anything, it was Mum and Dad and the three doctors.’ It’s lovely people who want to thank them,” told The US Sun.Netflix drama Joy looks at the sacrifices made by the team to create IVF. Dr. Robert Edwards started his research into fertilization in 1955, but in 1968, he was the first to fertilize a human egg. However, the success did not attract encouraging support from the medical fraternity, and Edwards did not get any funds for continued research. He, along with nurse Jean Purdy and surgeon Patrick Steptoe, planned a clinic in an abandoned ward of Royal Oldham Hospital.The couple had personal and professional challenges. Edwards was away from his family and children for 170 miles, Purdy had conflict with her religious mother, and Steptoe was putting off his retirement dreams. Public opposition further tested their strength, and opponents referred to their work as unnatural and even vandalized their clinic with the word "Frankenbabies."Their diligence paid off after years of trial and error. A breakthrough came when Edwards decided to use a naturally produced egg instead of stimulating the ovaries through hormones. This new approach proved successful with Louise's mother, Lesley, who had been trying to conceive for a decade. A Miracle Amidst ControversyLesley Brown and her husband, John, decided they would like a child even though the odds were completely stacked against them. Diagnosed with blocked fallopian tubes, Lesley was told that her chances of conceiving were one in a million. Lesley approached Steptoe for assistance after a gynecological operation she was obliged to pay for herself, thanks to a win on her football pools. The Browns were entered in the experimental IVF procedure.Lesley’s faith in the team was unwavering. Louise recounted, “If they had said, ‘Go into Trafalgar Square and stand on your head naked and you’ll get pregnant,’ she would have”, as reported in The US Sun.The process worked on the 101st attempt. A single egg fertilized in a petri dish with John's sperm was successfully implanted in Lesley's womb. Nine months later, Louise was delivered via Caesarean section, with the world's media waiting outside the hospital.Although successful, the aftermath of birth for Louise was far from smooth. Her family received death threats and vile messages - once even a smashed test tube through the post with a foetus-like object inside - and Louise herself was subjected to over 100 tests as a newborn to dispel doubts about her health.While her birth was a scientific success, it was also an intensely personal one. "When I had my sons, I realized how good those people were,"* Louise said, speaking of the sacrifices of her parents and the scientists."The film Joy honors the work of the trio, especially Jean Purdy, who died at 39 years of age in 1985. Although she played a critical role, the historical accounts of her work were often overlooked. Her name wasn't put on the plaque celebrating the team's triumph until 2022.It was Dr Robert Edwards, who continued to keep in touch with Louise even up to his death in 2013, who was rewarded with the Nobel Prize in 2010 for his work on IVF. Jean and Patrick were both deceased by then.Louise summarizes, "They have done it for 12 million of us. I owe them my life. I'd do anything for any of them, my parents, and the three scientists.Today, over 12 million babies worldwide have been born through IVF-a testament to the vision and perseverance of Edwards, Purdy, and Steptoe. Louise Brown's story, now immortalized in Joy, is as much a story of medical innovation as it is about human resilience and the power of hope. The Long-Term Effects of IVF on Modern Health CareBirth of Louise Brown was more than a medical milestone; it led to revolution in reproductive healthcare. Successive decades have changed millions of lives through IVF technology with hope for individuals and couples wanting a child. Beyond the origins, the field of ART has evolved into a wide research sector that pushes beyond the frontiers of science and redefines possible interventions in human reproduction.Success in IVF has led to research on related techniques, such as intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), vitrified eggs, and preimplantation genetic testing. These all granted the power of reproductive control, allowing even in defiance of age, genetic conditions, or cancer treatments, to plan a family.The principles developed by the original IVF team have paved the way for better understanding of reproductive biology, innovation in treating problems like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and endometriosis. The existence of IVF has raised awareness about infertility and helped reduce the stigma around seeking medical help.Still, with every medical discovery, IVF has its unique share of hurdles. Many issues concerned with accessibility and affordability ensue and take center stage in the ART discourse, and along with the potential to transform lives, IVF is still expensive for many people, a challenge for global health organizations to equitably access.Health care providers emphasize the value of education and support provided to patients at every step of the IVF process. IVF often requires multiple attempts and is often physically, emotionally, and financially stressful. Support for psychological well-being has increasingly been an essential element of treatment through counseling and stress management in IVF clinics.

meet louise brown- the world’s first ivf baby

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What Is The Controversial 'Barbie Surgery'? How Labiaplasty Surgery Affects Women's Sex Life

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Labiaplasty, or "<span>Barbie surgery</span>," is still one of the most controversial of today's cosmetic surgeries. Although it may bring relief to women who are having physical pain or appearance-related insecurities, it's not a cure for every self-esteem or sexual issue.

We as a society need to deconstruct damaging beauty standards and make the variability of women's anatomy mainstream. Physicians, researchers, and media commentators have a responsibility to empower women—not with assurances of perfection, but with truthful information and respect for their autonomy.

In a world where looks are everything and social media perpetuates edited perfection, it's little wonder that increasing numbers of women are seeking cosmetic procedures to enhance their own self-esteem. Of these, one operation has evoked more controversy than most: labiaplasty, or, as it has been sensationally referred to, the "Barbie surgery." So what is the procedure, why are increasingly women having it, and how does it actually affect their sex life and mental health?

Labiaplasty is a type of cosmetic vulvar surgery that reduces the size of the labia minora, the inner lips of the vulva. Frequently misunderstood as the more general term "vaginal rejuvenation," labiaplasty is technically a surgical procedure, in contrast to energy-based treatments such as laser or radiofrequency, which are purported to tighten the vagina or provide relief for dryness.

Though its popularity is undeniable, so is the taboo. The mere mention of female genitalia, particularly in a medical setting, remains uncomfortable to this day. For this reason, full knowledge and open discussion about labiaplasty are nonexistent, leaving women misinformed or with utopian expectations.

<h2>Why Are Women Getting 'Barbie Surgery' Done?</h2>

Between 2001 and 2013, labiaplasty surgeries in Australia alone doubled more than twice—640 to 1,605 among public patients. This does not account for a substantial number done at private clinics, where national statistics are still not available. Contrary to popular misconceptions, it's not teen girls but women between the ages of 25 to 34 who most commonly undergo the surgery.

The "Barbie surgery" gets its name from the cosmetic ideal that inner labia must not extend beyond the outer labia—such as a Barbie doll's anatomically smooth shape. This has been greatly influenced by internet pictures and pornography, which tend to show only a single, unrealistic model of what female genitalia "should" be. Some women have taken these ideals to the point of pain and distress.

There are different reasons for labiaplasty, while some women are in pain during running or sex. Yet, the majority have it done because they don't like the look of their genitals. Social, media, and even partner-induced expectations contribute to the idea that there's a "right" way a vulva should appear.

Women want labiaplasty to enhance their self-esteem as well as sexual confidence. Cosmetic surgery clinics exploit this expectation by advertising labiaplasty as a solution to achieving enhanced relationships as well as sexual fulfillment.

<h2>What Science Says About Sexual and Psychological Outcomes of Labiaplasty</h2>

A recent study appearing in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery illuminates labiaplasty outcomes, and the results are both enlightening and sobering. The study tracked women who had labiaplasty and measured changes in psychological well-being before and after surgery.

Whereas most of them stated they were more satisfied with the way their genitals looked, there were no significant differences in general self-esteem or sexual self-confidence. In short, labiaplasty made them feel more confident about what they looked like—but not who they were or how they felt when they were intimate.

<h2>Unrealistic Expectations and Psychological Risks</h2>

One of the most striking findings from the study was that women experiencing psychological distress, such as depression or anxiety, or those in active intimate relationships, were more likely to be dissatisfied with the outcome. This suggests that some women may pursue labiaplasty with hopes of it resolving deeper emotional or relationship issues—expectations the surgery simply cannot fulfill.

This highlights the necessity of pre-surgical psychological assessment. Physicians need to dig deeper into the motivation of a patient and ensure that it is based on realistic results. For females who are undergoing emotional or relational pain, the first option may be more appropriately addressed in psychological therapy.

<h2>What is the Surgical Procedure of Labiaplasty?</h2>

There are various methods of labiaplasty, each specific to unique anatomy and cosmetic objectives. The most popular of these are:

Trim Technique: The most conventional and common method, wherein the redundant labial tissue is trimmed and stitched, making the face appear more symmetrical.

Wedge Technique: Is removal of a wedge of tissue from the thickest portion of the labia minora. It maintains the natural edge and gives a more natural post-operative appearance.

They need to see board-certified plastic surgeons who deal with labiaplasty to choose the procedure that best suits their goals and anatomy.

<h2>How Media, Misconceptions, and the Cultural Pressure Affects The Decision?</h2>

Media representation of the female genitalia has contributed immensely to labiaplasty rates. Pictures in pornography, airbrushed Instagram photos, and even some medical pictures tend to present an unachievable narrow, uniform ideal of genital appearance. This ideal is as far as possible from reality—female genitalia exist in a wide variety of shapes, sizes, and colors.

But such unrealistic pictures can sow seeds of insecurity. Women have reported feeling embarrassed, ashamed, or even inadequate about how their vulva appears in comparison to these pictures. In other instances, comments from partners fuel the problem, providing a strong incentive for surgery.

Although the increasing link between labiaplasty and enhanced sexual experience gains a louder voice, studies contradict. Some women become less embarrassed after surgery, but no reliable evidence supports that the procedure fosters sexual satisfaction or orgasmic response.

The irony is that one of the leading reasons why women opt for labiaplasty—enhancing their sex life—is not scientifically supported. Rather, the main advantage of the surgery is for the alleviation of discomfort and enhanced appearance satisfaction.

The discussion on labiaplasty needs to move away from one of embarrassment or hyperbolic marketing and towards a realistic, medically grounded one. Women need to be completely informed about what the procedure can and cannot do. It's important to recognize that labiaplasty is not a solution for emotional insecurities, relationship issues, or inner issues related to self-worth.

With additional study, providers can further aid women by figuring out who could be helped by surgery—and who would be helped by therapy as an initial step.

In the end, a woman's confidence should not result from how well her body resembles an imaginary doll, but from the knowledge, encouragement, and self-acceptance that go beyond appearances.

barbie surgery

labiaplasty effects

female genital cosmetic surgery

labiaplasty sex life

labiaplasty mental health

cosmetic vaginal surgery

labiaplasty expectations

Labiaplasty, or "Barbie surgery," is still one of the most controversial of today's cosmetic surgeries. Although it may bring relief to women who are having physical pain or appearance-related insecurities, it's not a cure for every self-esteem or sexual issue.We as a society need to deconstruct damaging beauty standards and make the variability of women's anatomy mainstream. Physicians, researchers, and media commentators have a responsibility to empower women—not with assurances of perfection, but with truthful information and respect for their autonomy.In a world where looks are everything and social media perpetuates edited perfection, it's little wonder that increasing numbers of women are seeking cosmetic procedures to enhance their own self-esteem. Of these, one operation has evoked more controversy than most: labiaplasty, or, as it has been sensationally referred to, the "Barbie surgery." So what is the procedure, why are increasingly women having it, and how does it actually affect their sex life and mental health?What is Labiaplasty?Labiaplasty is a type of cosmetic vulvar surgery that reduces the size of the labia minora, the inner lips of the vulva. Frequently misunderstood as the more general term "vaginal rejuvenation," labiaplasty is technically a surgical procedure, in contrast to energy-based treatments such as laser or radiofrequency, which are purported to tighten the vagina or provide relief for dryness.Though its popularity is undeniable, so is the taboo. The mere mention of female genitalia, particularly in a medical setting, remains uncomfortable to this day. For this reason, full knowledge and open discussion about labiaplasty are nonexistent, leaving women misinformed or with utopian expectations.Why Are Women Getting 'Barbie Surgery' Done?Between 2001 and 2013, labiaplasty surgeries in Australia alone doubled more than twice—640 to 1,605 among public patients. This does not account for a substantial number done at private clinics, where national statistics are still not available. Contrary to popular misconceptions, it's not teen girls but women between the ages of 25 to 34 who most commonly undergo the surgery.The "Barbie surgery" gets its name from the cosmetic ideal that inner labia must not extend beyond the outer labia—such as a Barbie doll's anatomically smooth shape. This has been greatly influenced by internet pictures and pornography, which tend to show only a single, unrealistic model of what female genitalia "should" be. Some women have taken these ideals to the point of pain and distress.Why Women Opt for Labiaplasty?There are different reasons for labiaplasty, while some women are in pain during running or sex. Yet, the majority have it done because they don't like the look of their genitals. Social, media, and even partner-induced expectations contribute to the idea that there's a "right" way a vulva should appear.Women want labiaplasty to enhance their self-esteem as well as sexual confidence. Cosmetic surgery clinics exploit this expectation by advertising labiaplasty as a solution to achieving enhanced relationships as well as sexual fulfillment.What Science Says About Sexual and Psychological Outcomes of LabiaplastyA recent study appearing in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery illuminates labiaplasty outcomes, and the results are both enlightening and sobering. The study tracked women who had labiaplasty and measured changes in psychological well-being before and after surgery.Whereas most of them stated they were more satisfied with the way their genitals looked, there were no significant differences in general self-esteem or sexual self-confidence. In short, labiaplasty made them feel more confident about what they looked like—but not who they were or how they felt when they were intimate.Unrealistic Expectations and Psychological RisksOne of the most striking findings from the study was that women experiencing psychological distress, such as depression or anxiety, or those in active intimate relationships, were more likely to be dissatisfied with the outcome. This suggests that some women may pursue labiaplasty with hopes of it resolving deeper emotional or relationship issues—expectations the surgery simply cannot fulfill.This highlights the necessity of pre-surgical psychological assessment. Physicians need to dig deeper into the motivation of a patient and ensure that it is based on realistic results. For females who are undergoing emotional or relational pain, the first option may be more appropriately addressed in psychological therapy.What is the Surgical Procedure of Labiaplasty?There are various methods of labiaplasty, each specific to unique anatomy and cosmetic objectives. The most popular of these are:Trim Technique: The most conventional and common method, wherein the redundant labial tissue is trimmed and stitched, making the face appear more symmetrical.Wedge Technique: Is removal of a wedge of tissue from the thickest portion of the labia minora. It maintains the natural edge and gives a more natural post-operative appearance.They need to see board-certified plastic surgeons who deal with labiaplasty to choose the procedure that best suits their goals and anatomy.How Media, Misconceptions, and the Cultural Pressure Affects The Decision?Media representation of the female genitalia has contributed immensely to labiaplasty rates. Pictures in pornography, airbrushed Instagram photos, and even some medical pictures tend to present an unachievable narrow, uniform ideal of genital appearance. This ideal is as far as possible from reality—female genitalia exist in a wide variety of shapes, sizes, and colors.But such unrealistic pictures can sow seeds of insecurity. Women have reported feeling embarrassed, ashamed, or even inadequate about how their vulva appears in comparison to these pictures. In other instances, comments from partners fuel the problem, providing a strong incentive for surgery.Can It Improve Your Sex Life?Although the increasing link between labiaplasty and enhanced sexual experience gains a louder voice, studies contradict. Some women become less embarrassed after surgery, but no reliable evidence supports that the procedure fosters sexual satisfaction or orgasmic response.The irony is that one of the leading reasons why women opt for labiaplasty—enhancing their sex life—is not scientifically supported. Rather, the main advantage of the surgery is for the alleviation of discomfort and enhanced appearance satisfaction.The discussion on labiaplasty needs to move away from one of embarrassment or hyperbolic marketing and towards a realistic, medically grounded one. Women need to be completely informed about what the procedure can and cannot do. It's important to recognize that labiaplasty is not a solution for emotional insecurities, relationship issues, or inner issues related to self-worth.With additional study, providers can further aid women by figuring out who could be helped by surgery—and who would be helped by therapy as an initial step.In the end, a woman's confidence should not result from how well her body resembles an imaginary doll, but from the knowledge, encouragement, and self-acceptance that go beyond appearances.

what is the controversial 'barbie surgery'? how labiaplasty surgery affects women's sex life

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Slept late because you partied too hard on the weekend? Found yourself unable to sleep because you were scrolling your phone till 3 am on a work-night? These things happen to the best of us, whether it is because you slept late, or slept too long, leaving your sleep pattern askew. We are all familiar with the feeling. Being so tired that you fall asleep the moment you come home, hoping to take a nap. However, is this nap costing you your health? 

While napping after a long day of work may seem appealing, it could be inching you closer to an early grave. 

A new study suggests that when you nap and how long you nap during the day might be linked to your risk of death. This is especially true for adults in their middle to older years. Researchers looked at data from wearable fitness trackers to understand these napping patterns. They found that specific ways of napping were connected to a higher risk of dying among older adults. 

Researchers used data from wearable activity trackers worn by nearly 87,000 adults, mostly around age 63. These devices tracked their sleep and activity patterns for a week. Over 11 years, thousands of these participants passed away. The research found a link between a higher risk of death and three things: 

<ul><li>taking longer naps</li><li>napping at different lengths each day</li><li>napping often around midday or early afternoon.</li></ul>

This research is important because it used real data from trackers, which is more accurate than just asking people about their naps from memory. 

<h2>Does Napping Cause Health Problems? </h2>

It's important to know that this study doesn't prove naps cause death. It only shows a connection. This research is still new and hasn't been fully checked by other experts. It also might not apply to everyone. However, experts say the study offers strong evidence. It suggests that if someone naps a lot or at odd times, it might be a sign that they have an underlying health condition that's making them tired. 

<h2>Connection Between Napping and Mortality </h2>

It's important to understand that this study doesn't prove naps cause death. Instead, experts think the link is more about why people are napping. For example, hidden health problems like sleep apnea (which messes up night sleep) or illnesses that cause a lot of tiredness, like heart disease, could be the real culprits. These conditions might make someone nap more and also increase their risk of death. It's also possible that very long or irregular naps might upset your body's natural clock, potentially affecting things like inflammation and heart health. 

There's no need to completely stop napping, especially if you are a shift worker or truly sleep-deprived. Scientists are still learning about this connection. However, for most people, it's a good idea to aim for certain nap habits: 

<strong>Keep naps short:</strong> Naps less than 30 minutes are often best to help you feel refreshed without feeling groggy. 

<strong>Nap earlier in the day: </strong>Napping earlier can help prevent your daytime sleep from interfering with your ability to fall asleep at night. 

If you find yourself taking very long naps or needing regular naps throughout the day, especially if you still feel tired, it's a good idea to talk to your doctor. They might want to check for underlying health problems or recommend an evaluation for a sleep disorder. 

<ul><li>Stick to a consistent sleep schedule.</li><li>Spend time outdoors in natural sunlight, particularly in the morning.</li><li>Get regular physical activity.</li><li>Limit your intake of caffeine and alcohol.</li><li>Establish a relaxing bedtime routine.</li><li>Eat regular, healthy meals and snacks.</li><li>Practice relaxation techniques like deep breathing or meditation to reduce stress.</li></ul>

Naps can impact health

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Why napping is bad for health

can napping be good for health

Slept late because you partied too hard on the weekend? Found yourself unable to sleep because you were scrolling your phone till 3 am on a work-night? These things happen to the best of us, whether it is because you slept late, or slept too long, leaving your sleep pattern askew. We are all familiar with the feeling. Being so tired that you fall asleep the moment you come home, hoping to take a nap. However, is this nap costing you your health? While napping after a long day of work may seem appealing, it could be inching you closer to an early grave. A new study suggests that when you nap and how long you nap during the day might be linked to your risk of death. This is especially true for adults in their middle to older years. Researchers looked at data from wearable fitness trackers to understand these napping patterns. They found that specific ways of napping were connected to a higher risk of dying among older adults. What the Study Found Researchers used data from wearable activity trackers worn by nearly 87,000 adults, mostly around age 63. These devices tracked their sleep and activity patterns for a week. Over 11 years, thousands of these participants passed away. The research found a link between a higher risk of death and three things: taking longer napsnapping at different lengths each daynapping often around midday or early afternoon.This research is important because it used real data from trackers, which is more accurate than just asking people about their naps from memory. Does Napping Cause Health Problems? It's important to know that this study doesn't prove naps cause death. It only shows a connection. This research is still new and hasn't been fully checked by other experts. It also might not apply to everyone. However, experts say the study offers strong evidence. It suggests that if someone naps a lot or at odd times, it might be a sign that they have an underlying health condition that's making them tired. Connection Between Napping and Mortality It's important to understand that this study doesn't prove naps cause death. Instead, experts think the link is more about why people are napping. For example, hidden health problems like sleep apnea (which messes up night sleep) or illnesses that cause a lot of tiredness, like heart disease, could be the real culprits. These conditions might make someone nap more and also increase their risk of death. It's also possible that very long or irregular naps might upset your body's natural clock, potentially affecting things like inflammation and heart health. Should You Stop Napping? There's no need to completely stop napping, especially if you are a shift worker or truly sleep-deprived. Scientists are still learning about this connection. However, for most people, it's a good idea to aim for certain nap habits: Keep naps short: Naps less than 30 minutes are often best to help you feel refreshed without feeling groggy. Nap earlier in the day: Napping earlier can help prevent your daytime sleep from interfering with your ability to fall asleep at night. If you find yourself taking very long naps or needing regular naps throughout the day, especially if you still feel tired, it's a good idea to talk to your doctor. They might want to check for underlying health problems or recommend an evaluation for a sleep disorder. Tips To Avoid Napping Stick to a consistent sleep schedule.Spend time outdoors in natural sunlight, particularly in the morning.Get regular physical activity.Limit your intake of caffeine and alcohol.Establish a relaxing bedtime routine.Eat regular, healthy meals and snacks.Practice relaxation techniques like deep breathing or meditation to reduce stress.

afternoon naps, interval naps and long snoozes – researchers found they all impact longevity

Mounjaro For Weight Loss: How It Works, Duration, Side Effects, Cost And More

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This Superfit Dance Teacher Became Prediabetic At 66; Two Simple Changes That Helped Him Reverse The 'Obese' Condition

this superfit dance teacher became prediabetic at 66; two simple changes that helped him reverse the 'obese' condition

Nutrition

4 Foods That People With Fatty Liver Must Avoid Eating

4 foods that people with fatty liver must avoid eating

If you've been doing it all, counting calories, sweating through workouts at the gym and the scale still isn't moving, don't worry. For a lot of people, <span>weight loss</span> has nothing to do with willpower; it's got everything to do with biology. You might have heard the buzz around Mounjaro, perhaps your friend has been talking about it, or you saw it pop up on social media. But what in the world is Mounjaro, and can it actually work for weight loss, even if you don't have diabetes?

For the millions who suffer from obesity, weight loss has long been a Sisyphean task of diets, disillusionment, and defeat. But a new generation of medications, initially developed for diabetes, is rewriting that script. Leading the charge is Mounjaro—a injectable medication that has shown an incredible knack for suppressing appetite, enhancing insulin sensitivity, and encouraging sustained weight loss.

So, what is Mounjaro, anyway? Is it safe? How much does it cost? And is it right for you? Here's the lowdown—supported by science, informed by experts.

Mounjaro is a brand name for tirzepatide, an injectable weekly treatment first approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the control of Type 2 diabetes. Nevertheless, its potent effect on body weight has triggered an off-label rush for people without diabetes but with obesity or conditions of metabolic connection.

In contrast to old weight-loss drugs that act on metabolism or suppress appetite as their primary mechanism, Mounjaro acts upon two key hormones: GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1) and GIP (glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide). These control the release of insulin and sensations of fullness. Through the mimicry of their action, Mounjaro decreases hunger and enhances control of blood sugar—two key obstacles in successful weight maintenance.

<h2><span rel="noindex">How Mounjaro Works</span>?</h2>

The key to Mounjaro's success is tirzepatide, a dual-acting peptide that acts on receptors in your brain and stomach. When taken, it sets in motion a chain reaction of signals that say to your brain, "You're full," basically cutting back on cravings and overeating.

But that's not all, mounjaro also makes your body more responsive to insulin. In individuals with obesity, insulin resistance is frequent and can render weight loss dishearteningly slow. By enhancing insulin action, Mounjaro makes the body better able to control blood sugar and store less fat.

In a sense, Mounjaro doesn't simply allow you to eat less—it allows your body to use what you eat more efficiently.

<h2>Who Can Use <span rel="noindex">Mounjaro for Weight Loss</span>?</h2>

Mounjaro is approved by the FDA for individuals with Type 2 diabetes, but physicians can prescribe it off-label to individuals with:

A BMI of 30 or more (considered obese), or

A BMI of 27 or more with one or more weight-related health factors, including high blood pressure or high cholesterol.

Off-label prescribing is legal and widespread. Numerous medicines—from antidepressants to seizure medication—are commonly prescribed for different uses when clinical evidence is available.

But Mounjaro is not appropriate for all. Individuals who have had thyroid cancer, pancreatitis, or gallbladder disease should be careful. Should you be thinking of Mounjaro, complete medical assessment must be done prior to initiation of therapy.

<h2>How Much Weight Can You Lose on Mounjaro?</h2>

In the largest clinical trial, over 2,500 patients with obesity or overweight were given Mounjaro for 72 weeks (approximately 1.5 years). The patients on the 5 mg dosage lost 15% of their body weight on average. The higher doses had even more weight loss.

Non-diabetic participants also experienced substantial benefits, especially with the addition of lifestyle modifications such as more physical activity and a healthy diet. With regularity and supervision, Mounjaro provides long-term, clinically relevant weight loss—not fleeting outcomes.

Mounjaro is available in a pre-filled, one-time-use injection pen. You administer it once a week, ideally on the same day every week. Injection sites that are commonly used are:

<ul><li>Abdomen</li><li>Thigh</li><li>Outer upper arm</li></ul>

Physicians usually start at 2.5 mg for 4 weeks, then increase stepwise by 2.5 mg per month to a target dose (in most cases, 10 mg or 15 mg). This stepwise titration minimizes side effects while optimizing efficacy. Take care to change injection sites to avoid irritation and not inject into scarred or bruised skin.

<h2>Potential Side Effects of Mounjaro</h2>

As is the case with most prescription drugs, Mounjaro can cause side effects—particularly within the first few weeks. The most frequent are gastrointestinal, such as:

<ul><li>Nausea</li><li>Vomiting</li><li>Diarrhea</li><li>Abdominal discomfort</li><li>Constipation</li></ul>

In some instances, more severe side effects have occurred, including:

<ul><li>Pancreatitis</li><li>Inflammation of the gallbladder or gallstones</li><li>Low blood sugar (hypoglycemia)</li><li>Kidney issues because of dehydration</li><li>Worsening in eye conditions in individuals with diabetes</li><li>Elevated heart rate</li><li>Reactions at the injection site</li></ul>

If you've been doing it all, counting calories, sweating through workouts at the gym and the scale still isn't moving, don't worry. For a lot of people, weight loss has nothing to do with willpower; it's got everything to do with biology. You might have heard the buzz around Mounjaro, perhaps your friend has been talking about it, or you saw it pop up on social media. But what in the world is Mounjaro, and can it actually work for weight loss, even if you don't have diabetes?For the millions who suffer from obesity, weight loss has long been a Sisyphean task of diets, disillusionment, and defeat. But a new generation of medications, initially developed for diabetes, is rewriting that script. Leading the charge is Mounjaro—a injectable medication that has shown an incredible knack for suppressing appetite, enhancing insulin sensitivity, and encouraging sustained weight loss.So, what is Mounjaro, anyway? Is it safe? How much does it cost? And is it right for you? Here's the lowdown—supported by science, informed by experts.What Is Mounjaro?Mounjaro is a brand name for tirzepatide, an injectable weekly treatment first approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the control of Type 2 diabetes. Nevertheless, its potent effect on body weight has triggered an off-label rush for people without diabetes but with obesity or conditions of metabolic connection.In contrast to old weight-loss drugs that act on metabolism or suppress appetite as their primary mechanism, Mounjaro acts upon two key hormones: GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1) and GIP (glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide). These control the release of insulin and sensations of fullness. Through the mimicry of their action, Mounjaro decreases hunger and enhances control of blood sugar—two key obstacles in successful weight maintenance.How Mounjaro Works?The key to Mounjaro's success is tirzepatide, a dual-acting peptide that acts on receptors in your brain and stomach. When taken, it sets in motion a chain reaction of signals that say to your brain, "You're full," basically cutting back on cravings and overeating.But that's not all, mounjaro also makes your body more responsive to insulin. In individuals with obesity, insulin resistance is frequent and can render weight loss dishearteningly slow. By enhancing insulin action, Mounjaro makes the body better able to control blood sugar and store less fat.In a sense, Mounjaro doesn't simply allow you to eat less—it allows your body to use what you eat more efficiently.Who Can Use Mounjaro for Weight Loss?Mounjaro is approved by the FDA for individuals with Type 2 diabetes, but physicians can prescribe it off-label to individuals with:A BMI of 30 or more (considered obese), orA BMI of 27 or more with one or more weight-related health factors, including high blood pressure or high cholesterol.Off-label prescribing is legal and widespread. Numerous medicines—from antidepressants to seizure medication—are commonly prescribed for different uses when clinical evidence is available.But Mounjaro is not appropriate for all. Individuals who have had thyroid cancer, pancreatitis, or gallbladder disease should be careful. Should you be thinking of Mounjaro, complete medical assessment must be done prior to initiation of therapy.How Much Weight Can You Lose on Mounjaro?In the largest clinical trial, over 2,500 patients with obesity or overweight were given Mounjaro for 72 weeks (approximately 1.5 years). The patients on the 5 mg dosage lost 15% of their body weight on average. The higher doses had even more weight loss.Non-diabetic participants also experienced substantial benefits, especially with the addition of lifestyle modifications such as more physical activity and a healthy diet. With regularity and supervision, Mounjaro provides long-term, clinically relevant weight loss—not fleeting outcomes.How to Use Mounjaro?Mounjaro is available in a pre-filled, one-time-use injection pen. You administer it once a week, ideally on the same day every week. Injection sites that are commonly used are:AbdomenThighOuter upper armPhysicians usually start at 2.5 mg for 4 weeks, then increase stepwise by 2.5 mg per month to a target dose (in most cases, 10 mg or 15 mg). This stepwise titration minimizes side effects while optimizing efficacy. Take care to change injection sites to avoid irritation and not inject into scarred or bruised skin.Potential Side Effects of MounjaroAs is the case with most prescription drugs, Mounjaro can cause side effects—particularly within the first few weeks. The most frequent are gastrointestinal, such as:NauseaVomitingDiarrheaAbdominal discomfortConstipationIn some instances, more severe side effects have occurred, including:PancreatitisInflammation of the gallbladder or gallstonesLow blood sugar (hypoglycemia)Kidney issues because of dehydrationWorsening in eye conditions in individuals with diabetesElevated heart rateReactions at the injection siteMounjaro also has an FDA boxed warning for a rare risk of thyroid C-cell tumors from rodent studies. Although this has not been established in humans, the warning cautions against use in patients with a personal or family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC).How Much Does Mounjaro Cost?The price for Mounjaro can be quite variable depending on:Insurance coveragePharmacy locationOff-label use statusIn the United States, without insurance, Mounjaro can range from $1,000 to $1,300 monthly. Yet, most patients can cut costs with:Manufacturer coupons (if qualified)Savings programs or discount cardsPharmacy benefit coverage (especially for treatment of Type 2 diabetes)Note: If used off-label for weight loss, some insurance providers might not pay for the medication. Discuss with your provider and pharmacist to learn about affordability options.Where to Get Mounjaro for Weight Loss?If you're considering Mounjaro as part of your weight loss strategy, start by speaking with your primary care doctor, endocrinologist, or obesity medicine specialist.If deemed medically appropriate, they will prescribe it and show you how to use the injection pen. It’s essential to have your lab tests monitored periodically during treatment and to follow dosage adjustments carefully.Obesity is not a case of willpower. It is a chronic, complex disease related to metabolic, hormonal, and genetic factors. Mounjaro presents a new avenue for the treatment of this disease—especially for those who have not responded to lifestyle modifications alone.Even so, Mounjaro isn't a panacea. The most ideal outcomes occur when medication is paired with:Healthy dietExercise on a regular basisBehavioral support or counselingFor individuals with extreme weight issues, it could be the game-changer they've been hoping for.Mounjaro is changing the face of how healthcare professionals treat weight loss, particularly for individuals with obesity and insulin resistance. Being able to suppress appetite, enhance blood sugar control, and facilitate sustainable weight loss, it's fast becoming one of the most promising weapons in the battle against ongoing metabolic disease.However, as with any powerful tool, it must be utilized wisely, under professional guidance, and as part of an holistic health plan. If you're curious whether Mounjaro is for you, the best place to start is an open conversation with your doctor.