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Itisha Arya

Winter Vomiting Disease In The US: Health Officials Flag A New, Highly Contagious Norovirus Strain

winter vomiting disease norovirus

The much-feared “winter vomiting disease,” commonly known as norovirus, is once again spreading rapidly across the United States.

Norovirus is an extremely contagious stomach virus that triggers sudden and intense episodes of vomiting and diarrhea. Anyone who has had it knows how abruptly it strikes. You can feel normal one moment and then find yourself completely incapacitated by stomach distress the next. With the holiday season nearing and people gathering indoors, norovirus infections are climbing nationwide.

<h2><span rel="noindex">Winter Vomiting Disease</span> In The US</h2>

Data from WastewaterSCAN, a program that tracks disease levels through municipal wastewater, shows that norovirus activity is currently classified as “high” across the U.S., with a sharp rise over the past three weeks. Marlene Wolfe, Ph.D., a professor at Emory University and director of WastewaterSCAN, told TODAY.com that the upward trend is clear and concerning.

At present, the highest levels are being recorded in the Midwest, the South, and the Northeast. States reporting notable spikes include Alabama, Connecticut, Florida, Indiana, Massachusetts, and Michigan.

In Bedford, Massachusetts, an elementary school shut down for two days this week after more than 130 students were absent with stomach-related symptoms, prompting officials to suspect a norovirus outbreak, according to NBC10 Boston. Cruise ships are also seeing a rise in outbreaks, with norovirus spreading quickly among passengers at sea.

This year’s increase appears to be arriving slightly earlier than usual and is likely linked to a newer strain of the virus, which drove a particularly severe 2024–2025 season. Last winter, norovirus cases reached their highest levels in more than a decade.

Since the early 2000s, most norovirus outbreaks have been linked to a strain known as GII.4, according to previous reports from NBC News. Roughly a decade ago, another strain called GII.17 first appeared in Asia and has expanded significantly in recent years. During the 2024–2025 season, GII.17 accounted for 75 percent of norovirus outbreaks in the U.S., compared with less than 10 percent in 2023, a CDC study found.

“When a new strain appears, it can spread very quickly,” Roberts says. “That is exactly what happened last year.”

Experts are unsure whether GII.17 spreads more easily than GII.4. However, they say more people may be vulnerable because they lack immunity to this newer variant.

Infection with norovirus does offer some level of immune protection, but it is incomplete, Schaffner explains.

“We do not know how long that immunity lasts,” Roberts says. “And it likely does not protect you against a different strain.”

If a large portion of the population is susceptible, the virus may have more opportunities to circulate widely. How this season unfolds remains uncertain.

<h2>Winter Vomiting Disease: Norovirus Symptoms</h2>

“This is not a subtle illness,” Roberts says. Symptoms typically appear suddenly, usually within 12 to 48 hours of exposure.

<ul><li>Vomiting</li><li>Diarrhea</li><li>Nausea</li><li>Stomach pain and cramping</li></ul>

Some people may also experience a mild fever, chills, or headache, according to the CDC.

“The good news is that it does not usually last long,” Schaffner says. “Most people feel terrible for about two days, then recover.”

In most cases, symptoms resolve on their own within one to three days.

However, the virus can cause significant fluid loss, increasing the risk of dehydration. Certain groups face a higher risk of severe illness and hospitalization, including children under 5 and adults over 85.

Medical care should be sought if symptoms continue beyond a few days, if there is blood in vomit or stool, or if signs of dehydration appear, such as dizziness or dark urine, according to the Cleveland Clinic.

<h2>Winter Vomiting Disease: Norovirus Treatment</h2>

There is no medication that directly treats norovirus. Care focuses on managing symptoms through rest and fluid replacement, Roberts says. Drinks that replenish electrolytes can be helpful.

“It is better to take small sips,” Schaffner advises. “Drinking too much at once can make vomiting worse.”

In more serious cases, intravenous fluids may be necessary to prevent dehydration. Anyone with concerns should contact a health care provider, Schaffner adds.

There is currently no approved vaccine for norovirus, though a Moderna vaccine candidate is undergoing phase 3 clinical trials.

<h2><span rel="noindex">Winter Vomiting Disease: How Does Norovirus</span> Spread?</h2>

“It is an especially troublesome virus because it spreads so easily and in so many ways,” Schaffner says. An infected person can release billions of virus particles through vomit or stool. “It only takes one to ten particles to cause an infection,” he notes. Norovirus usually spreads through the fecal-oral route, Roberts explains, when virus particles from feces make their way into the mouth, often via unwashed hands.

Some common ways how the virus spread are:

<ul><li>Close contact with someone who is infected</li><li>Touching contaminated surfaces and then touching the mouth</li><li>Eating or drinking contaminated food or beverages</li><li>Breathing in or swallowing particles released during vomiting</li></ul>

People are most contagious from the time symptoms begin until a few days after they feel better. However, the virus can continue to be shed in stool for up to two weeks after recovery, Roberts says.

Norovirus can survive on surfaces, objects, and foods for extended periods. Foods frequently linked to outbreaks include leafy greens, fresh produce, and shellfish, according to the CDC.

<h2>Does Hand Sanitizer Kill Norovirus?</h2>

Norovirus is especially difficult to eliminate. Alcohol-based hand sanitizers and cleaners are largely ineffective because the virus has a tough outer shell that alcohol cannot break down. “The only way to remove it from your hands is to physically wash it away,” Schaffner says. “Soap and water lift the virus off the skin and rinse it down the drain.”

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The much-feared “winter vomiting disease,” commonly known as norovirus, is once again spreading rapidly across the United States.Norovirus is an extremely contagious stomach virus that triggers sudden and intense episodes of vomiting and diarrhea. Anyone who has had it knows how abruptly it strikes. You can feel normal one moment and then find yourself completely incapacitated by stomach distress the next. With the holiday season nearing and people gathering indoors, norovirus infections are climbing nationwide.Winter Vomiting Disease In The USData from WastewaterSCAN, a program that tracks disease levels through municipal wastewater, shows that norovirus activity is currently classified as “high” across the U.S., with a sharp rise over the past three weeks. Marlene Wolfe, Ph.D., a professor at Emory University and director of WastewaterSCAN, told TODAY.com that the upward trend is clear and concerning.At present, the highest levels are being recorded in the Midwest, the South, and the Northeast. States reporting notable spikes include Alabama, Connecticut, Florida, Indiana, Massachusetts, and Michigan.In Bedford, Massachusetts, an elementary school shut down for two days this week after more than 130 students were absent with stomach-related symptoms, prompting officials to suspect a norovirus outbreak, according to NBC10 Boston. Cruise ships are also seeing a rise in outbreaks, with norovirus spreading quickly among passengers at sea.This year’s increase appears to be arriving slightly earlier than usual and is likely linked to a newer strain of the virus, which drove a particularly severe 2024–2025 season. Last winter, norovirus cases reached their highest levels in more than a decade.Norovirus GII.17 VariantSince the early 2000s, most norovirus outbreaks have been linked to a strain known as GII.4, according to previous reports from NBC News. Roughly a decade ago, another strain called GII.17 first appeared in Asia and has expanded significantly in recent years. During the 2024–2025 season, GII.17 accounted for 75 percent of norovirus outbreaks in the U.S., compared with less than 10 percent in 2023, a CDC study found.“When a new strain appears, it can spread very quickly,” Roberts says. “That is exactly what happened last year.”Experts are unsure whether GII.17 spreads more easily than GII.4. However, they say more people may be vulnerable because they lack immunity to this newer variant.Infection with norovirus does offer some level of immune protection, but it is incomplete, Schaffner explains.“We do not know how long that immunity lasts,” Roberts says. “And it likely does not protect you against a different strain.”If a large portion of the population is susceptible, the virus may have more opportunities to circulate widely. How this season unfolds remains uncertain.Winter Vomiting Disease: Norovirus Symptoms“This is not a subtle illness,” Roberts says. Symptoms typically appear suddenly, usually within 12 to 48 hours of exposure.Some common signs of norovirus are:VomitingDiarrheaNauseaStomach pain and crampingSome people may also experience a mild fever, chills, or headache, according to the CDC.“The good news is that it does not usually last long,” Schaffner says. “Most people feel terrible for about two days, then recover.”In most cases, symptoms resolve on their own within one to three days.However, the virus can cause significant fluid loss, increasing the risk of dehydration. Certain groups face a higher risk of severe illness and hospitalization, including children under 5 and adults over 85.Medical care should be sought if symptoms continue beyond a few days, if there is blood in vomit or stool, or if signs of dehydration appear, such as dizziness or dark urine, according to the Cleveland Clinic.Winter Vomiting Disease: Norovirus TreatmentThere is no medication that directly treats norovirus. Care focuses on managing symptoms through rest and fluid replacement, Roberts says. Drinks that replenish electrolytes can be helpful.“It is better to take small sips,” Schaffner advises. “Drinking too much at once can make vomiting worse.”In more serious cases, intravenous fluids may be necessary to prevent dehydration. Anyone with concerns should contact a health care provider, Schaffner adds.There is currently no approved vaccine for norovirus, though a Moderna vaccine candidate is undergoing phase 3 clinical trials.Winter Vomiting Disease: How Does Norovirus Spread?“It is an especially troublesome virus because it spreads so easily and in so many ways,” Schaffner says. An infected person can release billions of virus particles through vomit or stool. “It only takes one to ten particles to cause an infection,” he notes. Norovirus usually spreads through the fecal-oral route, Roberts explains, when virus particles from feces make their way into the mouth, often via unwashed hands.Some common ways how the virus spread are:Close contact with someone who is infectedTouching contaminated surfaces and then touching the mouthEating or drinking contaminated food or beveragesBreathing in or swallowing particles released during vomitingPeople are most contagious from the time symptoms begin until a few days after they feel better. However, the virus can continue to be shed in stool for up to two weeks after recovery, Roberts says.Norovirus can survive on surfaces, objects, and foods for extended periods. Foods frequently linked to outbreaks include leafy greens, fresh produce, and shellfish, according to the CDC.Does Hand Sanitizer Kill Norovirus?Norovirus is especially difficult to eliminate. Alcohol-based hand sanitizers and cleaners are largely ineffective because the virus has a tough outer shell that alcohol cannot break down. “The only way to remove it from your hands is to physically wash it away,” Schaffner says. “Soap and water lift the virus off the skin and rinse it down the drain.”

winter vomiting disease in the us: health officials flag a new, highly contagious norovirus strain

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Winter Vomiting Disease In The US: Health Officials Flag A New, Highly Contagious Norovirus Strain

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Winter Vomiting Disease In The US: Health Officials Flag A New, Highly Contagious Norovirus Strain