Australian researchers have found evidence that women are genetically at a higher risk for clinical depression than men. This major finding could change the way the disorder is treated in the future. In one of the largest studies of its kind, scientists analyzed the DNA of nearly 200,000 people with depression to find common genetic signs, or "flags." The project, led by the Berghofer Medical Research Institute, discovered that women had almost twice as many of these depression-linked genetic markers as men did. Do Genes Play A Role In Depression? It has long been known that depression affects more women than men, but the reasons have remained unclear. This study gives a big clue: the genetic part of depression is just bigger and stronger in females. Genetic Markers: Women had about 13,000 genetic markers linked to depression, while men had about 7,000. Unique Symptoms: These genetic differences might explain why depression in women often comes with other problems, like changes in body weight or energy levels. The genes may affect how the body manages energy and hormones differently in women. How Is Depression Different In Men And Women Johns Hopkins Medicine explains that it's been known for years that women are about twice as likely as men to be diagnosed with depression. In fact, depression is the leading health problem causing sickness among women worldwide. But the differences go beyond just who gets the diagnosis. Depression often looks different in men. A doctor notes that women might come in feeling sad and crying, but men may show their depression through anger or aggressive behavior. This happens because, as they grow up, boys are often taught not to cry, so their sadness comes out as irritability and anger instead. The signs of depression can vary: In Depressed Girls: They are more likely to worry about their body image, feel guilty or like a failure, have trouble focusing, and feel deep sadness. In Depressed Boys: They are more likely to lose interest in their usual activities and feel more tired and down in the morning. In Adults: Women are more likely to feel stressed, sad, and have sleep problems. Men are more likely to be irritable and have sudden bursts of anger. Men and women also handle depression differently. Women are much more likely to seek help from a doctor or therapist. This difference is tragic when it comes to suicide: Men are four times more likely to die by suicide than women, making up almost 80% of all suicides. One reason for this is that men tend to choose more immediately lethal methods, like using a gun.Women are actually far more likely to have suicidal thoughts or attempt suicide using less lethal means, like poisoning.What is The Best Way To Help? The researchers say these findings must change how we approach treatments. For a long time, much of the research and many of the medications for mental health were designed based on studies mostly involving men. By identifying the genetic factors unique to women, doctors can work toward developing more targeted and personalized treatments. Given that depression affects hundreds of millions of people worldwide, understanding these biological differences is a crucial step toward providing better, more effective care for all.
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