Every year on November 10, World Immunization Day is observed. This day aims at highlighting the lifesaving power of vaccines and the role they play in preventing infectious diseases. Vaccines also act as protective shield, thus awareness around vaccines becomes more important on this very day. The World Health Organization (WHO) has also formalized this day as an annual observance to promote sustained global participation in disease prevention. The date, November 10, aligns with the anniversary of the EPI, which began in 1974 with a mission to ensure that every child, regardless of geography or income, has access to lifesaving vaccines. This program built the foundation for today’s vast immunization network.The practice of immunization itself dates back to the late 18th century, when Edward Jenner’s pioneering smallpox vaccine laid the groundwork for modern preventive medicine. Over time, vaccines have played a crucial role in controlling diseases such as diphtheria, tetanus, measles, and more recently, novel viruses like COVID-19.Theme: “Immunization for All is Humanly Possible” is the theme this year.Why Are Vaccines Important?Vaccines remain among the most efficient medical tools available. They protect individuals from deadly infections including measles, polio, tetanus, and other vaccine-preventable diseases.Beyond individual protection, vaccines help create herd immunity. When a majority of people in a community are vaccinated, it becomes harder for infections to spread. This collective barrier protects vulnerable groups, including infants, the elderly, and those with weakened immune systems.According to WHO, vaccines save millions of lives every year and are one of the most cost-effective ways to improve health. By preventing illness before it occurs, vaccines reduce the need for medical treatment, hospitalization, and long-term care, leading to healthier societies and less economic burden.WHO also plays an important role in guiding countries on strengthening vaccine coverage. The organisation supports governments in designing programmes that ensure equitable access to immunisation, especially in low-income regions where health resources are limited.UNICEF, meanwhile, serves as a key operational partner. It helps countries deliver vaccines through large-scale campaigns, trains health workers, and ensures cold-chain logistics reach the most remote or conflict-affected areas. During global crises, UNICEF is often at the forefront, coordinating emergency vaccine rollouts such as during the COVID-19 pandemic and during sudden outbreak responses.Expanding Immunisation to All Age GroupsWhile childhood vaccines remain a global priority, there is increasing focus on adult immunisation. Experts emphasize that vaccines are essential across all stages of life, especially for people with chronic illnesses. Adult vaccines such as the influenza shot, pneumococcal vaccine, HPV vaccine, and tetanus boosters help protect long-term health and prevent community outbreaks.
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