Diabetes is a complex metabolic condition that affects multiple systems in the body, often leading to serious complications. While much attention is given to blood sugar management through diet and medication, the role of leg health in diabetes control is often overlooked. However, research suggests that maintaining strong and healthy legs is crucial in preventing and managing diabetes-related complications, including neuropathy, poor circulation, and even amputation.

Diabetes, especially if not well-controlled, has a significant impact on the nerves and blood vessels of the lower limbs. High sugar levels can damage the nerve endings, causing a condition known as diabetic neuropathy. This manifests as persistent pain in the legs, tingling, numbness, and in extreme cases, ulcers that do not heal properly.

Diabetic leg pain is one of the most common complaints of diabetic patients. The pain may be a dull ache or sharp stabbing. It worsens at night and can be caused by even the slightest pressure, such as a bed sheet rubbing against the skin. In more advanced stages, symptoms often begin in the feet and progress up the legs and hands.

Poor circulation is also another major problem. Diabetes hurts the small vessels that are accountable for providing well-oxygenated blood to extremities. Since the circulation would be poor in such cases, wounds may heal slowly, causing diabetic ulcers and infections that can be followed by severe problems like amputations if it is not taken care of.

Why Do Legs Suffer the Most?

The legs experience great stress throughout the day, and in people with diabetes, this is increased because of the nerve dysfunction and weakened blood vessels. Diabetic neuropathy is caused by prolonged high blood sugar levels damaging nerves by causing pain, numbness, and injury. Peripheral artery disease narrows the arteries further and restricts blood flow to the legs, thus making the problem worse.

For example, some types of entrapment neuropathies, like femoral nerve entrapment and tarsal tunnel syndrome, may also be associated with lower limb nerve compression and are a source of pain and discomfort. These indicate the need for active management of diabetes to avoid damage to the nerves.

Is Diabetic Leg Pain Reversible?

Although many types of diabetic neuropathy cannot be reversed, prompt intervention slows the progression of symptoms and may manage them adequately.

• Strict blood sugar control may delay neuropathy for several years.
• Pain relievers, anticonvulsants, and antidepressants may also help alleviate pain associated with the nerves.
• Lifestyle changes and weight management may be helpful to alleviate symptoms and further deterioration.
• Supplementation with vitamin B12 is important because people on Metformin for diabetes are more prone to develop a deficiency in this vitamin.
• Physical therapy and specialized footwear can aid mobility and reduce discomfort.

Effective Tips for Diabetic Leg and Foot Care

Taking care of your legs and feet is an essential part of diabetes management. The American Diabetes Association recommends the following preventive measures:

1. Prioritize Blood Sugar Control

The most excellent way to prevent nerve damage and circulatory problems is maintaining optimal blood sugar levels. Daily monitoring, healthy dieting, and adherence to prescribed medicines are essential for everyday activity.

2. Cleanliness of Feet

• Clean your feet daily with mild soap and warm water.
• Dried thoroughly, especially the space in between the toes, to avoid fungal infections.
• Apply moisturizer to the feet, but not between the toes, so as not to cause bacteria growth.

3. Daily Foot Examination

Examine your feet daily for blisters, cuts, sores, redness, or swelling.

Use a mirror to check hidden areas.

Go see a doctor for any infections or slow healing.

4. Wearing Correct Footwear

Wear fitted, cushioned shoes to prevent pressure sores.

Change socks every day, and use moisture-wicking socks to keep feet dry.

Get diabetic footwear for easy pressure release and improved circulation.

5. Avoid Extreme Temperature End

Avoid hot water bags or heating pads, as nerve damage can impair sensation and increase the risk of burns.

Keep feet away from cold temperatures to avoid complications associated with poor circulation.

6. Quit Smoking and Limit Alcohol

Smoking and excessive alcohol use can exacerbate peripheral vascular disease, thereby limiting blood flow to the legs. Quitting can significantly slow the progression of neuropathy and improve overall circulation.

7. Exercise with Caution

Low-impact activities, such as walking, swimming, or cycling, can encourage good circulation.

• Stay away from any activity that can cause stress to the feet if neuropathy has already occurred.
• Consult with a doctor before trying any new exercise program.

Preventing Diabetic Leg Pain

While not always preventable, many risk factors associated with diabetic leg pain can be mitigated by adopting lifestyle changes. Here is how:

• Follow a diabetes-friendly diet: High-fiber foods, lean proteins, and healthy fats should be included while avoiding processed sugars and refined carbs.
• Work with a nutritionist: Personalized meal plans can help maintain stable blood sugar levels.
• Monitor blood sugar regularly: Frequent checks help catch fluctuations early.
• Stay active: Regular exercise improves insulin sensitivity and circulation.
• Adhere to treatment plans: Following medical advice ensures better diabetes management.

When to Seek Medical Attention

If you have diabetes and experience chronic leg pain, numbness, tingling, or slow healing of wounds, seek medical help right away. Early intervention is key to the prevention of such severe complications, thereby improving one's quality of life.

Your legs are essential in keeping you in balance, on the move, and healthy. For a diabetic, leg health is even more important in avoiding severe complications like neuropathy and amputation. With proper control of blood sugar, proper care of the feet, and adjustment of lifestyle, you can take care of your legs and overall health. A visit to a healthcare professional would be the first step in controlling diabetes if symptoms occur.

For Jade-Marie Clark, what began as minor annoyances, an eye twitch here, a nagging headache there turned out to be a sign of something far more serious than stress or pregnancy hormones. The 32-year-old mother of two from Scotland would eventually be diagnosed with a rare, noncancerous tumor that paralyzed part of her face, robbing her of her ability to smile and forever changing her understanding of her health.

Clark first began experiencing symptoms in March 2020, during her first pregnancy. She had persistent ear pain, which doctors initially attributed to a common ear infection. After she gave birth, the symptoms faded. When they resurfaced three years later, this time during her second pregnancy, they took a slightly different form—headaches, twitching in one eye, and occasional facial discomfort.

At the time, she was studying to become a nursery teacher, balancing pregnancy, coursework, and family life. Like many women juggling multiple responsibilities, Clark wrote off her symptoms as the result of stress and hormonal changes. It wasn’t until she lost sensation in the corner of her lips that she became concerned enough to see a doctor.

“I brushed everything off,” Clark recalls. “When you're busy, especially pregnant and in college, you chalk a lot of things up to stress.”

Her general practitioner quickly referred her to a hospital, where an MRI scan revealed the unthinkable: acoustic neuroma, also known as vestibular schwannoma. While technically noncancerous, this rare tumor can have devastating effects if left untreated. It grows on the vestibulocochlear nerve, which connects the inner ear to the brain and is responsible for hearing and balance.

Clark said she “burst into tears” when doctors said the word tumor. “You always think this kind of thing happens to someone else. I thought I was going to die,” she said.

Although acoustic neuromas typically grow slowly, they can exert pressure on nearby structures—especially as they increase in size—leading to hearing loss, ringing in the ear, balance issues, facial numbness, and in severe cases, brainstem compression. In rare situations, they become life-threatening.

Clark’s diagnosis came three months into her pregnancy, and her doctors advised against undergoing surgery until after she gave birth. That left her in limbo—worried about the tumor’s growth while also trying to stay calm for the sake of her unborn baby.

“This sounds terrible, but I remember thinking, I hope the tumor grows just enough so I can get the surgery sooner and get back to my life,” she confessed.

In April 2024, shortly after giving birth to her second son, Clark underwent surgery to remove the tumor. The operation was successful in removing the growth—but not without cost.

During surgery, nerves controlling facial muscles were damaged. Clark was left with facial palsy, a condition that paralyzed the right side of her face. She could no longer smile or fully close her right eye.

“I didn’t want to leave the house. I didn’t want anyone to see me. I was depressed, anxious, and grieving the way I used to look,” she said.

Facial palsy is more than cosmetic. It affects daily functions blinking, speaking, eating, even emotional expression. The psychological toll can be as severe as the physical. Clark now awaits nerve transfer surgery, a procedure that could potentially restore up to 80% of facial sensation.

What Is Acoustic Neuroma?

Acoustic neuroma, or vestibular schwannoma, is a benign tumor originating from the Schwann cells surrounding the vestibular nerve. Although it doesn't spread like cancer, its slow growth can lead to significant health issues. Common symptoms include:

• Progressive hearing loss (typically in one ear)
• Tinnitus (ringing in the ears)
• Unsteadiness or dizziness
• Facial numbness or weakness
• Headaches and pressure behind the ear

If untreated, large tumors can press against the brainstem or cerebellum, leading to severe neurological complications.

Diagnosis is usually confirmed through MRI scans, and treatment options range from monitoring small tumors, to surgical removal, or radiation therapy like Gamma Knife radiosurgery.

How Stress Masks Deadly Diseases?

Clark’s story also highlights how chronic stress can muddy the waters of diagnosis. Eye twitching and headaches are common signs of stress, but they can also be red flags for underlying neurological issues.

Stress activates the body’s fight-or-flight response, increasing cortisol and adrenaline levels. When prolonged, this state can lead to immune suppression, digestive problems, cardiovascular issues, and neurological symptoms. Many people especially women, are prone to dismiss early symptoms as burnout or anxiety, often delaying essential care.

We’re conditioned to normalize stress, especially in high-demand life stages like pregnancy or career transitions. But as Clark’s experience shows, not every twitch or headache is harmless. Listening to your body, and seeking care when something feels “off,” can make all the difference. Clark’s experience offers several takeaways:

Listen to Your Body – Recurrent or escalating symptoms need attention, no matter how minor they seem.

Don’t Dismiss Neurological Signs – Numbness, twitching, and hearing changes should always be evaluated.

Mental Health Matters – Conditions like facial palsy affect self-image and emotional well-being just as much as physical function.

Stress Isn’t Always the Culprit – Sometimes it's a signal, not a cause.

As Clark awaits reconstructive surgery, she hopes to regain her smile—but more importantly, she wants others to learn from her journey.

“This could have been caught sooner,” she said. “I just want people to trust themselves more, and push for answers when something doesn’t feel right.”

South Asia has emerged as the global epicentre of anemia among adolescent girls and women, with more than 259 million currently affected, according to a joint warning issued by the United Nations agencies and the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC).

The condition, often overlooked, is not only a health concern—it’s a signal of deeper systemic failures across health, nutrition, and education sectors.

The Hidden Toll of Anemia

Anemia impairs the body's ability to carry oxygen, leading to chronic fatigue, weakened immunity, and in severe cases, complications during pregnancy and childbirth. It also limits educational attainment and economic participation, reinforcing gender inequality and poverty.

The impact extends beyond individuals. An estimated 40% of the world’s low birth weight cases are linked to maternal anemia, contributing to poor childhood growth, delayed cognitive development, and lifelong disadvantages.

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In economic terms, anemia costs South Asia a staggering $32.5 billion every year, draining resources and limiting regional development.

Anemia in Girls: A Preventable but Persisting Health Crisis

Despite its scale, anemia is both preventable and treatable. Public health experts emphasize that the tools already exist: regular iron and folic acid supplementation, diets rich in iron and essential vitamins, clean water and sanitation, deworming, and access to quality maternal health care.

However, to make meaningful progress, countries must take an integrated, multi-sectoral approach—linking health, nutrition, education, and social protection systems.

Countries And Their Strategies To Combat Anemia

Several countries in the region are already demonstrating how focused interventions can bring results.

Sri Lanka, where nearly one in five women of reproductive age is anemic, is expanding its national nutrition programmes, targeting high-burden districts with stronger maternal services.

India has begun integrating iron supplementation into school and antenatal care in high-prevalence states, aiming to reach adolescent girls and expectant mothers directly.

Pakistan is piloting community-based nutrition and reproductive health services, improving early detection and follow-up care in rural areas.

Bangladesh is leveraging school systems to deliver fortified meals and health education to adolescents, with ministries of health, education, and agriculture working in tandem.

Smaller nations like the Maldives and Bhutan are also stepping up, focusing on early prevention, public awareness, and food fortification. Both have invested in data-driven anemia monitoring and inter-ministerial collaboration.

Nepal, meanwhile, has shown what sustained, community-driven action can achieve. Since 2016, the country has reduced anemia among women of reproductive age by 7%, with particularly notable improvements in low-income regions. Much of this progress is credited to the efforts of female community health volunteers, who counsel families, connect them to services, and distribute nutrition support packages such as the Sutkeri Poshan Koseli—a food and cash support scheme for new mothers.

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Understanding the Root Causes of This Preventable Condition

The new report emphasizes that ending anemia is not just a medical goal—it’s a developmental imperative. While governments must lead the charge with strong policies and investments, meaningful change also requires engagement from communities, schools, health workers, and families.

Integrated health systems, targeted data, and cross-sector action can help South Asia’s girls and women break the cycle of malnutrition and unlock their full potential. Ultimately, addressing anemia is about more than preventing disease—it's about building resilient communities, stronger economies, and a healthier future for all.

Everything around is us responsible for how well we age. From what kind of food we eat, what kind of lifestyle we lead to what kind of air we breath.

Many people want to live longer and healthier, often trying things like special diets or supplements. But would you ever consider paying a lot of money to have your blood's liquid part, called plasma, replaced?

This procedure, known as plasma exchange therapy, is becoming popular, especially among the wealthy and those who are into extreme "biohacking" (trying unconventional methods to improve their health). However, the question arises, does it actually help you live longer?

A small, recent study published in the journal Aging Cell suggests it might have some anti-aging benefits. However, experts warn that we still need a lot more research to be sure.

What Exactly Is Plasma Exchange Therapy?

Think of plasma exchange therapy as a "blood cleanse." Here's how it works:

• Medical staff take blood out of your body.
• They then separate and remove your old plasma, which contains various substances.
• This old plasma is replaced with new plasma from a donor or a special solution (usually saltwater and protein).
• Finally, your "cleaned" blood, with its new plasma, is put back into your body.

This treatment has been used for a long time to help with various illnesses, like blood problems, autoimmune diseases (where your body attacks itself), and nerve disorders. However, using it to slow down aging is a very new idea that hasn't been fully proven yet.

What the Latest Study Found

A recent, small study offers more support for the idea of plasma exchange as an anti-aging treatment. Forty-two healthy adults, with an average age of 65, underwent the procedure multiple times over several months. Some received a regular replacement fluid, while others were given extra immune antibodies. A small group received a fake treatment for comparison.

After the treatment, researchers used different ways to measure the participants' biological age—a concept that suggests your body can be physically older or younger than your actual years. The group that didn't get the treatment continued to age normally. However, the plasma exchange group showed some signs of reversal in aging.

Those who received plasma exchange combined with immune antibodies saw the biggest effect, appearing biologically 2.6 years younger on average. Those who only had monthly plasma exchange looked about 1.3 years younger. While promising, the researchers are careful to say they don't know for sure if this means people will actually live longer.

Does Plasma Exchange Really Work for Longevity?

Even though the new study is exciting, it has some important limitations. It was small and relatively short. Also, the idea of biological age itself is still new, and there isn't one perfect way to measure it, which can lead to varying results.

Experts also point out that the participants in the study might have made other healthy lifestyle changes, which could have influenced the results. At this point, it's still just a guess whether plasma exchange therapy will truly help people live longer. Many experts agree that while plasma exchange is safe and effective for treating certain diseases, there isn't enough solid information yet to recommend that healthy people spend a lot of money on it just to live longer. Even the scientists who helped create the procedure advise against it for healthy adults right now.