How any times have you watched a true crime documentary and wondered, “What kind of person could actually do that?” Well, science may have just brought us a step closer to the answer—and the location. A new eye-opening study has mapped out where in the United States you're most likely to encounter people with dark personality traits like narcissism, psychopathy, and sadism. And no, it’s not just Hollywood dramatizing the ‘evil neighbor’ narrative, some states really do have higher concentrations of individuals with what psychologists call the “Dark Factor of Personality,” or “D.”Turns out, the environment we live in marked by things like poverty, corruption, inequality, and violence could actually shape how likely we are to exploit or harm others for personal gain. So, if you’ve ever felt like your city breeds a little more chaos than kindness, you might not be imagining it. The results? Both fascinating and unnerving.A groundbreaking study published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) analyzed data from nearly 1.8 million respondents worldwide—including over 144,000 Americans—to identify where "dark" personality traits like psychopathy, narcissism, and Machiavellianism are most prevalent. The researchers found that horrid societal conditions—high poverty, inequality, corruption, and violence are closely linked to these darker traits. What Are Some Dark Personality Traits?Psychologists refer to these harmful traits collectively as the “Dark Factor of Personality”, or “D”. This umbrella concept captures the underlying tendency toward aversive behavior manipulation, exploitation, even enjoyment of others' suffering. Unlike the well-known “dark triad” (psychopathy, narcissism, Machiavellianism), “D” integrates these tendencies into a single measurable dimension.Researchers linked high D scores with self-serving behaviors and the belief that self-interest often superseeds moral or societal responsibilities. Crucially, they discovered that social and economic hardships tend to foster these personality traits over time While analyzing data at the U.S. state level and correlating it with FBI homicide rates, Justice Department corruption convictions, and Census Bureau statistics, the researchers revealed stark geographical patterns. States with higher crime, corruption, and economic disparity tend to have higher average D scores. Among the highest-ranked states:Nevada tops the list with a D score of 2.26/5New York (2.24)Texas (2.22)South Dakota (2.22) In contrast, the safest states in terms of low dark personality prevalence include:Vermont (1.96)Utah (2.03)Maine (2.04)New Hampshire, Oregon, and Alaska Though differences may seem minor numerically, they are statistically significant across large populations.Role of Sociocultural Environments in Shaping PersonalityOne of the study’s most compelling insights is how personality is not merely inherited. Lead co-author Ingo Zettler explains that living under corrupt, unequal, or violent conditions teaches people to look after themselves first.This adaptation may serve as a survival mechanism in harsh environments, distrust, aggression, and self-centeredness offer competitive advantages. Urban areas like New York and Las Vegas, with extreme resource competition, often amplify these traits.State ProfilesNevada, New York, Texas, South DakotaNevada’s D score of 2.26 tops the nation with analysts suggesting that both systemic issues and the transient, high-stakes nature of urban hubs like Las Vegas amplify dark traits. New York and Texas closely follow both states face stark inequality and urban density.South Dakota’s inclusion challenges stereotypes, showing that inequality and lack of resources, not just urban stress, can drive 'darker' behavioral tendencies.Vermont, Utah, Maine, New Hampshire, Oregon, AlaskaVermont’s low score (1.96) positions it as the least likely to harbor dark personalities. These states share lower poverty rates, strong community cohesion and fewer corruption issues, creating environments that foster trust and cooperation.While the link between adverse conditions and dark traits is moderate, its social cost is substantial. Traits like aggression, exploitation and cheating contribute to systemic challenges from governance issues to workplace toxicity .Zettler emphasizes that small improvements in reducing corruption and inequality can yield large societal benefits by stemming the growth of dark personality traits Researchers acknowledge limitations. The study doesn't account for migration—a psychopath in New York may have grown up elsewhere. Also, while personality evolves, genetic factors and early childhood experiences play significant roles. The findings highlight personality as malleable, shaped significantly by social context.This extensive data reveals that the "dark factor" is not a rarity it lingers in communities shaped by inequality, corruption and violence but the study also offers hope.