Health and Me

Tanya Dutt

No Workouts, No Calorie Counting- Mom Of Two Lost 60lbs In 6 Months Without Doing Any Exercise

Losing weight is often associated with calorie counting, grueling workouts, and complex meal plans. But for Angelina Marie, a 30-year-old mother of two from Mississippi, shedding 60 pounds in six months came from doing the exact opposite of conventional weight-loss advice. She embraced the controversial carnivore diet—a meal plan that eliminates everything except animal products and water—and never stepped on a treadmill.

Her journey, initially met with skepticism, led to an astonishing transformation. Today, Angelina is healthier, leaner, and more confident than ever—all without a single cardio session.

Angelina’s weight had steadily climbed to 209lbs after years of struggling with processed foods and carb-heavy meals. Feeling desperate, she stumbled upon the <span>carnivore diet</span> while researching online. Unlike conventional wisdom, which promotes balance and variety, the carnivore diet eliminates fruits, vegetables, grains, and legumes entirely, focusing solely on meat, seafood, eggs, and dairy.

Determined to try something new, Angelina stocked her fridge with steaks and bacon, cutting out carbs overnight. Within just seven days, she had already lost 11lbs—a result that left her stunned. As weeks passed, the pounds continued to melt away.

"I couldn't believe the scale," she recalls. "It felt like my body was resetting itself."

Unlike traditional weight-loss programs that emphasize portion control and calorie counting, Angelina followed a simple yet structured eating plan:

Fasting until midday: Her first meal of the day usually consisted of scrambled eggs with bacon or scallops wrapped in bacon.

Dinner around 6 PM: This typically included a ribeye steak, pork chops, or chicken wings.

Snacking when hungry: She opted for beef jerky or meat sticks instead of carb-heavy snacks.

Hydration: Drinking ample water was crucial, and she also included high-quality electrolytes to prevent deficiencies.

Contrary to popular belief, Angelina didn’t rely on intense workouts to achieve her transformation. In fact, she actively avoided exercise at the start of her weight-loss journey. Only after reaching her goal weight did she incorporate weightlifting—but solely to build muscle, not to lose more fat.

Interestingly, as she started strength training, she even gained a few pounds due to muscle mass increase, reinforcing that her initial <span>weight loss</span> was purely diet-driven.

Adopting an all-meat diet wasn’t entirely smooth sailing. Angelina warned her followers about the ‘carnivore flu’, a temporary condition experienced when the body adjusts to an extreme shift in diet.

"Your body isn't used to running on just fats and proteins while completely eliminating carbs," she explains. "Headaches, nausea, and diarrhea can happen, but they go away."

To counter these effects, she emphasized the importance of red meat over lean cuts, stating that fattier meats provide essential nutrients that help the body adjust more quickly.

Beyond shedding 62 pounds, Angelina experienced several unexpected health improvements:

<ol><li>Reduced bloating: She no longer felt sluggish or bloated after meals.</li><li>Clearer skin: Her complexion improved significantly.</li><li>Better relationship with food: She learned to eat intuitively—only when hungry and stopping when full.</li><li>Mental clarity and energy: Many carnivore diet followers report enhanced focus and stable energy levels.</li></ol>

The carnivore diet is an extreme form of the <span>ketogenic diet</span> (keto), which forces the body into ketosis—a metabolic state where fat, rather than carbohydrates, becomes the primary energy source.

While advocates praise its benefits, research presents a mixed picture. Studies suggest that excessive consumption of red meat could increase risks of:

Heart disease: A study from Oxford University found that every additional 50 grams of red meat per day increases heart disease risk by 18%.

Type 2 diabetes: Harvard researchers found that people consuming two servings of red meat per week had a 62% higher risk of developing diabetes over time.

High cholesterol levels: Extreme cases have shown cholesterol so high that it physically leaked from the skin.

Nutritional deficiencies: The lack of fiber and vitamin C in an all-meat diet can lead to conditions like scurvy and gut health issues.

Despite these concerns, some experts argue that not all meat is created equal. Many studies fail to distinguish between processed meats (sausages, deli meats) and whole-food options like steak and fresh fish, which may not carry the same risks.

<h2>Should You Try the Carnivore Diet?</h2>

Health professionals remain divided on the long-term sustainability of the carnivore diet. While it may deliver <span>rapid weight loss</span>, experts strongly recommend incorporating nutrient-dense foods like vegetables and whole grains for overall well-being.

However, for individuals struggling with obesity, food cravings, or insulin resistance, a short-term carnivore diet could act as a reset before transitioning to a more balanced plan.

Angelina’s success story challenges traditional weight-loss norms. While the carnivore diet may not be for everyone, her journey highlights the importance of finding what works for your body—even if it contradicts mainstream advice.

"Now, I eat when I'm hungry, stop when I'm full, and focus on how I feel rather than what the scale says," she says. "This diet gave me my life back."

As the debate on the carnivore diet continues, one thing remains clear—what works for one person may not work for another. Before making drastic dietary changes, consulting a healthcare professional is always advised.

Health Conditions A-Z

health

weight loss

carnivore diet

weight loss without exercise

zero carb diet

high protein diet

ketogenic diet

meat-based diet

rapid weight loss

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Losing weight is often associated with calorie counting, grueling workouts, and complex meal plans. But for Angelina Marie, a 30-year-old mother of two from Mississippi, shedding 60 pounds in six months came from doing the exact opposite of conventional weight-loss advice. She embraced the controversial carnivore diet—a meal plan that eliminates everything except animal products and water—and never stepped on a treadmill.Her journey, initially met with skepticism, led to an astonishing transformation. Today, Angelina is healthier, leaner, and more confident than ever—all without a single cardio session.Angelina’s weight had steadily climbed to 209lbs after years of struggling with processed foods and carb-heavy meals. Feeling desperate, she stumbled upon the carnivore diet while researching online. Unlike conventional wisdom, which promotes balance and variety, the carnivore diet eliminates fruits, vegetables, grains, and legumes entirely, focusing solely on meat, seafood, eggs, and dairy.Determined to try something new, Angelina stocked her fridge with steaks and bacon, cutting out carbs overnight. Within just seven days, she had already lost 11lbs—a result that left her stunned. As weeks passed, the pounds continued to melt away."I couldn't believe the scale," she recalls. "It felt like my body was resetting itself."Unlike traditional weight-loss programs that emphasize portion control and calorie counting, Angelina followed a simple yet structured eating plan:Fasting until midday: Her first meal of the day usually consisted of scrambled eggs with bacon or scallops wrapped in bacon.Dinner around 6 PM: This typically included a ribeye steak, pork chops, or chicken wings.Snacking when hungry: She opted for beef jerky or meat sticks instead of carb-heavy snacks.Hydration: Drinking ample water was crucial, and she also included high-quality electrolytes to prevent deficiencies.No Exercise, Just ResultsContrary to popular belief, Angelina didn’t rely on intense workouts to achieve her transformation. In fact, she actively avoided exercise at the start of her weight-loss journey. Only after reaching her goal weight did she incorporate weightlifting—but solely to build muscle, not to lose more fat.Interestingly, as she started strength training, she even gained a few pounds due to muscle mass increase, reinforcing that her initial weight loss was purely diet-driven.Adopting an all-meat diet wasn’t entirely smooth sailing. Angelina warned her followers about the ‘carnivore flu’, a temporary condition experienced when the body adjusts to an extreme shift in diet."Your body isn't used to running on just fats and proteins while completely eliminating carbs," she explains. "Headaches, nausea, and diarrhea can happen, but they go away."To counter these effects, she emphasized the importance of red meat over lean cuts, stating that fattier meats provide essential nutrients that help the body adjust more quickly.Beyond shedding 62 pounds, Angelina experienced several unexpected health improvements:Reduced bloating: She no longer felt sluggish or bloated after meals.Clearer skin: Her complexion improved significantly.Better relationship with food: She learned to eat intuitively—only when hungry and stopping when full.Mental clarity and energy: Many carnivore diet followers report enhanced focus and stable energy levels.Carnivore Diet: Is It Safe?The carnivore diet is an extreme form of the ketogenic diet (keto), which forces the body into ketosis—a metabolic state where fat, rather than carbohydrates, becomes the primary energy source.While advocates praise its benefits, research presents a mixed picture. Studies suggest that excessive consumption of red meat could increase risks of:Heart disease: A study from Oxford University found that every additional 50 grams of red meat per day increases heart disease risk by 18%.Type 2 diabetes: Harvard researchers found that people consuming two servings of red meat per week had a 62% higher risk of developing diabetes over time.High cholesterol levels: Extreme cases have shown cholesterol so high that it physically leaked from the skin.Nutritional deficiencies: The lack of fiber and vitamin C in an all-meat diet can lead to conditions like scurvy and gut health issues.Despite these concerns, some experts argue that not all meat is created equal. Many studies fail to distinguish between processed meats (sausages, deli meats) and whole-food options like steak and fresh fish, which may not carry the same risks.Should You Try the Carnivore Diet?Health professionals remain divided on the long-term sustainability of the carnivore diet. While it may deliver rapid weight loss, experts strongly recommend incorporating nutrient-dense foods like vegetables and whole grains for overall well-being.However, for individuals struggling with obesity, food cravings, or insulin resistance, a short-term carnivore diet could act as a reset before transitioning to a more balanced plan.Angelina’s success story challenges traditional weight-loss norms. While the carnivore diet may not be for everyone, her journey highlights the importance of finding what works for your body—even if it contradicts mainstream advice."Now, I eat when I'm hungry, stop when I'm full, and focus on how I feel rather than what the scale says," she says. "This diet gave me my life back."As the debate on the carnivore diet continues, one thing remains clear—what works for one person may not work for another. Before making drastic dietary changes, consulting a healthcare professional is always advised.

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Forgetting your keys once can be frustrating but forgetting them over and over—or forgetting the name of a good friend—may raise an unsettling question: Is this normal aging or more? For almost 1 in 3 adults age 65 and older, these little changes in memory and thinking are usually early symptoms of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI)—a condition that can lead to dementia or Alzheimer's disease. But there is fresh hope. Researchers have discovered that a high-antioxidant diet may cut the risk of MCI by as much as 80%.

That's correct—more than you may have thought, what you eat on your plate can help maintain your brain function. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) occurs in almost one-third of individuals aged 65 and older, a subtle but important change in thinking and memory abilities that can develop into dementia, including Alzheimer's disease. Although there is no treatment for these conditions, an increasing amount of research is identifying lifestyle modifications that could have neuroprotective effects on the aging brain—and diet is the leading candidate.

A recent paper in the journal Nutrients has been making headlines by putting numbers to how effective dietary antioxidants might be in defending the brain. Scientists examined the diet and cognition of older people, and the connections between antioxidant food intake, alcohol intake, and risk of developing mild cognitive impairment.

People who had a higher antioxidant index score were much less likely to have MCI. Indeed, risk fell by as much as 80% in those with antioxidant-filled diets but there was a catch—the cognitive-enhancing effect only benefited non-drinkers.

Among individuals who drank alcohol—one or two drinks per week—a protective effect of antioxidants was lost. Alarming, those with light-to-moderate drinking had over double the risk of MCI compared to abstainers.

The findings were dramatic: those with the highest antioxidant index scores had a risk of MCI that was as much as 80% lower than that of those with the lowest scores. This observation lends further credence to decades of research suggesting that antioxidants—molecules in plentiful supply in bright-colored fruits, vegetables, nuts, and whole grains—play a key role in protecting the brain against oxidative stress that leads to decline.

Antioxidants are food chemicals that occur naturally and aid in neutralizing free radicals—unstable molecules that harm cells and lead to disease and aging, including loss of mental functioning. The most typical antioxidant nutrients are vitamin C, vitamin E, beta-carotene, selenium, and zinc.

They’re abundant in whole, colorful foods—think leafy greens, berries, nuts, and whole grains. But they don’t work in isolation. It’s the synergy of nutrients within whole foods that delivers the most potent effect.

And that’s what makes food so powerful compared to supplements. You’re not just getting a single antioxidant—you’re getting a full spectrum of phytochemicals that support one another.

<h2>What Is The Problem with Alcohol?</h2>

The antioxidant hype over red wine has been around for decades, but the new study turns that hypothesis on its head. By the research, any drinking at all, even light drinking, doubled the risk for having MCI.

While the exact mechanism isn’t fully understood, alcohol can interfere with the absorption and metabolism of key nutrients. It also increases inflammation and oxidative stress—the very processes antioxidants aim to reduce. Essentially, alcohol may cancel out the very brain-protective effects you’re trying to gain from a healthy diet.

The researchers noted that although their results are intriguing, one has to take them with a grain of salt. This was a cross-sectional study, so it indicates correlation—not cause. And because the nutritional information was self-reported, there could be some error in participants' memories for what they consumed or imbibed.

Nevertheless, the trend is obvious: an alcohol-free, high-antioxidant lifestyle seems to be highly correlated with enhanced brain function in seniors.

It should be noted that this study was cross-sectional, so it only measured associations at one moment in time and did not establish cause and effect. The food intake information was self-reported, which can lead to errors, and the study didn't separate between types or quantities of liquor consumed. Nevertheless, the results support an increasing consensus among diet and brain health professionals: what you eat has a big impact on cognitive longevity.

<h2>What to Eat for Cognitive Protection?</h2>

To get sharper and lower your risk of cognitive decline, diversify your diet with whole foods that are rich in antioxidants. These are some expert-approved powerhouses to put on your list:

Leafy greens (such as spinach and kale): Magnesium and vitamin E-rich, they promote neurological well-being.

Berries and citrus fruits: Vitamin C-rich, they shield brain cells from oxidative stress.

Carrots, sweet potatoes, squash: Packed with beta-carotene and vitamin A, protecting vision and cognition.

Nuts and seeds: Sunflower seeds and almonds are good sources of vitamin E and selenium—essential nutrients for cognitive health.

Whole grains and legumes: Rich in magnesium and zinc, both critical to brain function.

Small changes amount to a lot. Sprinkle sunflower seeds over a salad, replace chips with a handful of almonds, or add a spoonful of spinach to your smoothie. These tiny tweaks to your meals might mean significant gains in the long run. 

<h2>Easy Ways to Increase Your Antioxidant Intake</h2>

Contrary to the idealized idea of a daily glass of wine being "good for the heart" or "full of antioxidants," the science keeps mounting against it. Not only is alcohol not adding any necessary nutrients to your body, but it actually can be speeding up aging in your brain and body as well.

Rather than relying on artificial antioxidants with hidden expenses—such as fruit salads, herbal teas, or smoothies—choose natural ones. These provide the same (or superior) benefits without compromising cognitive function. Incorporating more antioxidant-rich foods into your regimen does not need to involve drastic change. Small, sustainable modifications can have lasting impact:

<ul><li>Mix a handful of berries into your morning oatmeal or yogurt.</li><li>Mix leafy greens into smoothies or salads.</li><li>Munch on seeds and nuts rather than packaged chips or crackers.</li><li>Make sweet potatoes or squash a foundation for stews and soups.</li><li>Top salads or roasted vegetables with sunflower seeds. </li></ul>

Variety is essential, the greater the diversity of colors and varieties of plant foods that you consume, the wider range of antioxidants and phytochemicals you will ingest.

This new study contributes to a mounting pile of evidence that diet is an influential, changeable component in the battle against cognitive impairment. Though genetics and other issues are at work, what you do daily—what you eat, how active you are, and how you handle stress—is capable of shielding your brain as you get older.

Experts suggest emphasizing a balanced, plant-based diet with ample antioxidants, healthy fats, and whole grains. Alcohol avoidance or moderation is also important. These practices, along with regular exercise and mental activity, are the building blocks of a brain-healthy lifestyle.

Although genetics and age are things we can't control, diet is something we have control over. This new research corroborates the increasing evidence that diets rich in nutrients and antioxidants may protect against cognitive deterioration, particularly when paired with an alcohol-free life.

diet & nutrition

antioxidant foods brain health

cognitive decline prevention

mild cognitive impairment diet

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Forgetting your keys once can be frustrating but forgetting them over and over—or forgetting the name of a good friend—may raise an unsettling question: Is this normal aging or more? For almost 1 in 3 adults age 65 and older, these little changes in memory and thinking are usually early symptoms of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI)—a condition that can lead to dementia or Alzheimer's disease. But there is fresh hope. Researchers have discovered that a high-antioxidant diet may cut the risk of MCI by as much as 80%.That's correct—more than you may have thought, what you eat on your plate can help maintain your brain function. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) occurs in almost one-third of individuals aged 65 and older, a subtle but important change in thinking and memory abilities that can develop into dementia, including Alzheimer's disease. Although there is no treatment for these conditions, an increasing amount of research is identifying lifestyle modifications that could have neuroprotective effects on the aging brain—and diet is the leading candidate.A recent paper in the journal Nutrients has been making headlines by putting numbers to how effective dietary antioxidants might be in defending the brain. Scientists examined the diet and cognition of older people, and the connections between antioxidant food intake, alcohol intake, and risk of developing mild cognitive impairment.People who had a higher antioxidant index score were much less likely to have MCI. Indeed, risk fell by as much as 80% in those with antioxidant-filled diets but there was a catch—the cognitive-enhancing effect only benefited non-drinkers.Among individuals who drank alcohol—one or two drinks per week—a protective effect of antioxidants was lost. Alarming, those with light-to-moderate drinking had over double the risk of MCI compared to abstainers.The findings were dramatic: those with the highest antioxidant index scores had a risk of MCI that was as much as 80% lower than that of those with the lowest scores. This observation lends further credence to decades of research suggesting that antioxidants—molecules in plentiful supply in bright-colored fruits, vegetables, nuts, and whole grains—play a key role in protecting the brain against oxidative stress that leads to decline.What Are Antioxidants, Really?Antioxidants are food chemicals that occur naturally and aid in neutralizing free radicals—unstable molecules that harm cells and lead to disease and aging, including loss of mental functioning. The most typical antioxidant nutrients are vitamin C, vitamin E, beta-carotene, selenium, and zinc.They’re abundant in whole, colorful foods—think leafy greens, berries, nuts, and whole grains. But they don’t work in isolation. It’s the synergy of nutrients within whole foods that delivers the most potent effect.And that’s what makes food so powerful compared to supplements. You’re not just getting a single antioxidant—you’re getting a full spectrum of phytochemicals that support one another.What Is The Problem with Alcohol?The antioxidant hype over red wine has been around for decades, but the new study turns that hypothesis on its head. By the research, any drinking at all, even light drinking, doubled the risk for having MCI.While the exact mechanism isn’t fully understood, alcohol can interfere with the absorption and metabolism of key nutrients. It also increases inflammation and oxidative stress—the very processes antioxidants aim to reduce. Essentially, alcohol may cancel out the very brain-protective effects you’re trying to gain from a healthy diet.The researchers noted that although their results are intriguing, one has to take them with a grain of salt. This was a cross-sectional study, so it indicates correlation—not cause. And because the nutritional information was self-reported, there could be some error in participants' memories for what they consumed or imbibed.Nevertheless, the trend is obvious: an alcohol-free, high-antioxidant lifestyle seems to be highly correlated with enhanced brain function in seniors.It should be noted that this study was cross-sectional, so it only measured associations at one moment in time and did not establish cause and effect. The food intake information was self-reported, which can lead to errors, and the study didn't separate between types or quantities of liquor consumed. Nevertheless, the results support an increasing consensus among diet and brain health professionals: what you eat has a big impact on cognitive longevity.What to Eat for Cognitive Protection?To get sharper and lower your risk of cognitive decline, diversify your diet with whole foods that are rich in antioxidants. These are some expert-approved powerhouses to put on your list:Leafy greens (such as spinach and kale): Magnesium and vitamin E-rich, they promote neurological well-being.Berries and citrus fruits: Vitamin C-rich, they shield brain cells from oxidative stress.Carrots, sweet potatoes, squash: Packed with beta-carotene and vitamin A, protecting vision and cognition.Nuts and seeds: Sunflower seeds and almonds are good sources of vitamin E and selenium—essential nutrients for cognitive health.Whole grains and legumes: Rich in magnesium and zinc, both critical to brain function.Small changes amount to a lot. Sprinkle sunflower seeds over a salad, replace chips with a handful of almonds, or add a spoonful of spinach to your smoothie. These tiny tweaks to your meals might mean significant gains in the long run. Easy Ways to Increase Your Antioxidant IntakeContrary to the idealized idea of a daily glass of wine being "good for the heart" or "full of antioxidants," the science keeps mounting against it. Not only is alcohol not adding any necessary nutrients to your body, but it actually can be speeding up aging in your brain and body as well.Rather than relying on artificial antioxidants with hidden expenses—such as fruit salads, herbal teas, or smoothies—choose natural ones. These provide the same (or superior) benefits without compromising cognitive function. Incorporating more antioxidant-rich foods into your regimen does not need to involve drastic change. Small, sustainable modifications can have lasting impact:Mix a handful of berries into your morning oatmeal or yogurt.Mix leafy greens into smoothies or salads.Munch on seeds and nuts rather than packaged chips or crackers.Make sweet potatoes or squash a foundation for stews and soups.Top salads or roasted vegetables with sunflower seeds. Variety is essential, the greater the diversity of colors and varieties of plant foods that you consume, the wider range of antioxidants and phytochemicals you will ingest.This new study contributes to a mounting pile of evidence that diet is an influential, changeable component in the battle against cognitive impairment. Though genetics and other issues are at work, what you do daily—what you eat, how active you are, and how you handle stress—is capable of shielding your brain as you get older.Experts suggest emphasizing a balanced, plant-based diet with ample antioxidants, healthy fats, and whole grains. Alcohol avoidance or moderation is also important. These practices, along with regular exercise and mental activity, are the building blocks of a brain-healthy lifestyle.Although genetics and age are things we can't control, diet is something we have control over. This new research corroborates the increasing evidence that diets rich in nutrients and antioxidants may protect against cognitive deterioration, particularly when paired with an alcohol-free life.

scientists reveal the foods that slash your risk of memory loss by 80%—are you eating them?

Ishita Roy

Diagnostic Anomaly: If You Have This Disease, Your Body Will Forget To Tell You "I Am Full"

Diagnostic Anomaly

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<em>'<span rel="noindex">Diagnostic Anomaly</span>' is a Health And Me Series, where we dive deep into some of the rarest of rare diseases. Here, we trace such diseases and what causes them. We also try to bring case studies around the same. </em>

It begins quietly. A newborn, a bit more limp than others, doesn’t cry much. Feeding is a challenge — not because the baby refuses, but because their muscles are too weak to suck. Doctors may call it <span>hypotonia</span>. Parents, unaware of what’s to come, might just think their baby is a little “slow to start.” But beneath the surface of that fragile life could lie <span>Prader-Willi syndrome</span> (<span>PWS</span>) — a rare genetic enigma that transforms the body’s basic drives into lifelong challenges.

<h4>A <span rel="noindex">Rare Genetic Disease</span></h4>

Prader-Willi syndrome affects between 1 in 10,000 to 1 in 30,000 people globally, with about 10,000 to 20,000 Americans living with the disorder today. This complex, multisystem condition affects both males and females equally and doesn’t discriminate by race or ethnicity. What makes it even more mysterious is that most cases happen randomly — they’re not inherited from parents but arise due to spontaneous genetic errors in early development.

Only in rare circumstances does the syndrome run in families.

<h4>The Genetic Trap on Chromosome 15</h4>

To understand Prader-Willi, you have to venture deep into chromosome 15, specifically a segment called 15q11.2-q13 — also referred to as the PWS/AS region (shared with Angelman syndrome). Human cells carry two copies of each non-sex chromosome, one from each parent. But not every gene on both copies is active. Through a process known as genetic imprinting, some genes are silenced depending on whether they came from the mother or the father.

In PWS, the active paternal genes on chromosome 15 are missing or silenced, and since the maternal copies are always naturally “switched off”, this leaves the person without a functional set of those genes.

In <strong>60–70% of cases</strong>, a random deletion wipes out this crucial paternal region.

In<strong> 30–40%</strong>, individuals inherit two maternal copies, with no paternal copy at all.

Rarely, mutations, epigenetic changes, or chromosomal translocations disrupt the gene function.

The hypothalamus, the brain’s master hormone regulator, is the primary site of impact. It governs hunger, body temperature, hormones, and sleep — all functions affected in PWS.

<ul><li>Hypotonia ("floppiness")</li><li>Poor sucking reflex, resulting in difficulty feeding and slow weight gain</li><li>Low movement in the womb before birth</li><li>Distinctive facial features: almond-shaped eyes, thin upper lip, narrow head</li></ul>

Around ages 2 to 8, the script flips. The same child who once struggled to eat now faces insatiable hunger. The term is hyperphagia — an uncontrollable urge to eat that leads to obesity and complications like:

<ul><li>Type 2 diabetes</li><li>Heart disease</li><li>Gastrointestinal issues</li></ul>

Children with PWS often never feel full, no matter how much they eat. This unrelenting hunger stems from hormonal dysregulation and altered reward systems in the brain.

<ul><li>Short stature due to growth hormone deficiency</li><li>Cognitive impairment (mild to moderate)</li><li>Genital underdevelopment</li><li>Sleep disturbances</li><li>Nearsightedness</li><li>Underactive thyroid</li><li>In some, fair skin and light hair due to pigment gene (OCA2) deletion</li></ul>

There is no cure for Prader-Willi syndrome, but with care, individuals can live into their 70s. Without intervention, complications from obesity can reduce lifespan to the 40s.

<ul><li>High-calorie formulas and tube feeding help overcome early feeding difficulties.</li><li>Hormone therapy (growth hormone, testosterone, estrogen) supports physical development.</li><li>Physical, speech, and occupational therapy assist in motor and cognitive development.</li></ul>

In 2025, the FDA approved the first medication specifically targeting hyperphagia in PWS for children aged 4 and older. The drug's mechanism is unclear, but it may reduce hunger signals from the hypothalamus.

<h4>Ethical Complexity and Lifelong Vigilance</h4>

Families must enforce strict dietary control and secure food environments. Mayo Clinic experts recommend customized nutrition plans, often designed with help from a dietitian. In some households, food must be locked away to prevent bingeing.

Psychiatric symptoms, including psychosis in adolescence or adulthood, may also require medical management.

prader-willi syndrome

hypotonia

health and wellness

rare disease

rare genetic disease

'Diagnostic Anomaly' is a Health And Me Series, where we dive deep into some of the rarest of rare diseases. Here, we trace such diseases and what causes them. We also try to bring case studies around the same. It begins quietly. A newborn, a bit more limp than others, doesn’t cry much. Feeding is a challenge — not because the baby refuses, but because their muscles are too weak to suck. Doctors may call it hypotonia. Parents, unaware of what’s to come, might just think their baby is a little “slow to start.” But beneath the surface of that fragile life could lie Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) — a rare genetic enigma that transforms the body’s basic drives into lifelong challenges.A Rare Genetic DiseasePrader-Willi syndrome affects between 1 in 10,000 to 1 in 30,000 people globally, with about 10,000 to 20,000 Americans living with the disorder today. This complex, multisystem condition affects both males and females equally and doesn’t discriminate by race or ethnicity. What makes it even more mysterious is that most cases happen randomly — they’re not inherited from parents but arise due to spontaneous genetic errors in early development.Only in rare circumstances does the syndrome run in families.The Genetic Trap on Chromosome 15To understand Prader-Willi, you have to venture deep into chromosome 15, specifically a segment called 15q11.2-q13 — also referred to as the PWS/AS region (shared with Angelman syndrome). Human cells carry two copies of each non-sex chromosome, one from each parent. But not every gene on both copies is active. Through a process known as genetic imprinting, some genes are silenced depending on whether they came from the mother or the father.In PWS, the active paternal genes on chromosome 15 are missing or silenced, and since the maternal copies are always naturally “switched off”, this leaves the person without a functional set of those genes.In 60–70% of cases, a random deletion wipes out this crucial paternal region.In 30–40%, individuals inherit two maternal copies, with no paternal copy at all.Rarely, mutations, epigenetic changes, or chromosomal translocations disrupt the gene function.A Syndrome with Two ExtremesThe hypothalamus, the brain’s master hormone regulator, is the primary site of impact. It governs hunger, body temperature, hormones, and sleep — all functions affected in PWS.Infancy: The Quiet BeginningNewborns with PWS often exhibit:Hypotonia ("floppiness")Poor sucking reflex, resulting in difficulty feeding and slow weight gainLow movement in the womb before birthDistinctive facial features: almond-shaped eyes, thin upper lip, narrow headChildhood: A Metabolic FlipAround ages 2 to 8, the script flips. The same child who once struggled to eat now faces insatiable hunger. The term is hyperphagia — an uncontrollable urge to eat that leads to obesity and complications like:Type 2 diabetesHeart diseaseGastrointestinal issuesChildren with PWS often never feel full, no matter how much they eat. This unrelenting hunger stems from hormonal dysregulation and altered reward systems in the brain.Additional symptoms include:Short stature due to growth hormone deficiencyCognitive impairment (mild to moderate)Genital underdevelopmentSleep disturbancesNearsightednessUnderactive thyroidIn some, fair skin and light hair due to pigment gene (OCA2) deletionManaging the UnmanageableThere is no cure for Prader-Willi syndrome, but with care, individuals can live into their 70s. Without intervention, complications from obesity can reduce lifespan to the 40s.Early InterventionsHigh-calorie formulas and tube feeding help overcome early feeding difficulties.Hormone therapy (growth hormone, testosterone, estrogen) supports physical development.Physical, speech, and occupational therapy assist in motor and cognitive development.New Hope for HyperphagiaIn 2025, the FDA approved the first medication specifically targeting hyperphagia in PWS for children aged 4 and older. The drug's mechanism is unclear, but it may reduce hunger signals from the hypothalamus.Ethical Complexity and Lifelong VigilanceFamilies must enforce strict dietary control and secure food environments. Mayo Clinic experts recommend customized nutrition plans, often designed with help from a dietitian. In some households, food must be locked away to prevent bingeing.Psychiatric symptoms, including psychosis in adolescence or adulthood, may also require medical management.

Why Over-Tracking Your Health Could Be The New Cause Of Insomnia

why over-tracking your health could be the new cause of insomnia

Whether you reach for a multivitamin with your morning coffee or pop an iron pill after lunch, chances are you’ve put more effort into remembering to take your supplements than considering when and how you should take them. Yet, experts agree: timing, pairing, and even the way you take your supplements can dramatically influence their effectiveness—and in some cases, your safety.

From colorful pillboxes to gummy multivitamins, the supplement industry is booming. But here’s the catch: even the most consistent supplement-takers might be getting it all wrong—not because they’re skipping doses, but because they’re taking them at the wrong time, with the wrong foods, or in the wrong combinations.

What most people don’t realize is that the when and how of taking supplements is as important as the what. So if you’ve been chasing your vitamins down with your morning latte or swallowing iron with your dinner yogurt, it might be time for a serious reset.

Supplements are not magic bullets; they are concentrated forms of vitamins, minerals, and other nutrients designed to fill dietary gaps but unlike food, which delivers nutrients in a complex matrix of fibers, phytochemicals, and macronutrients, supplements are isolated. This means their absorption and utility can be heavily influenced by what else is in your stomach, your daily routine, and even the time of day.

You might think vitamins work like magic pills—take them, and you're covered. But the truth is more nuanced. The body’s ability to absorb and use nutrients depends on a variety of factors: the time of day, what you've eaten, your activity level, and even the combination of nutrients being consumed.

Water-soluble vitamins (like B-complex and C) are best taken on an empty stomach, usually in the morning. They dissolve in water and are quickly absorbed. Fat-soluble vitamins (like A, D, E, and K), on the other hand, need to be taken with healthy fats to be absorbed properly.

<h2>How Your Supplement Routine Might Look Like</h2>

<table class="redcator-table-advance"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Supplement</strong></td><td><strong>Best Time to Take</strong></td><td><strong>Take With</strong></td><td><strong>Avoid With</strong></td><td><strong>Why It Matters</strong></td></tr><tr><td><strong>Vitamin B12</strong></td><td>Morning (empty stomach)</td><td>Water or light food</td><td>High-dose Vitamin C or iron</td><td>Supports energy metabolism and neurological function</td></tr><tr><td><strong>Iron</strong></td><td>Morning</td><td>Vitamin C-rich drinks (lemon, amla juice)</td><td>Calcium, tea, coffee, dairy</td><td>Enhances hemoglobin production and oxygen delivery</td></tr><tr><td><strong>Folic Acid</strong></td><td>Morning (with B12)</td><td>Vitamin B12, Vitamin C</td><td>High-dose zinc and antacids</td><td>Promotes red blood cell formation and DNA synthesis</td></tr><tr><td><strong>Biotin</strong></td><td>Morning (with breakfast)</td><td>With or after meal</td><td>Raw egg whites</td><td>Supports healthy hair, skin, nails, and energy metabolism</td></tr><tr><td><strong>Vitamin D</strong></td><td>Midday (with lunch)</td><td>Fat-rich meal (ghee, nuts, avocado)</td><td>Empty stomach</td><td>Improves bone health and immune function</td></tr><tr><td><strong>Omega-3</strong></td><td>Lunch or dinner</td><td>Healthy fats, Vitamin D</td><td>Empty stomach (may cause nausea)</td><td>Supports heart, brain function, and inflammation control</td></tr><tr><td><strong>Magnesium</strong></td><td>Evening or bedtime</td><td>Alone or with water</td><td>High-dose calcium or iron</td><td>Promotes calm, muscle recovery, and sleep</td></tr><tr><td><strong>Calcium</strong></td><td>Evening or post-dinner</td><td>Water or post-meal</td><td>Iron, magnesium, zinc</td><td>Enhances bone strength; best absorbed later in the day</td></tr><tr><td><strong>Ashwagandha</strong></td><td>Night (if for stress/sleep)</td><td>Warm milk or water</td><td>Caffeine</td><td>Calming adaptogen that supports sleep and cortisol balance</td></tr></tbody><tbody></tbody></table><h2>Why You Shouldn’t Take Them All at Once</h2>

Tempted to down all your pills with breakfast and call it a day? It’s not that simple. Certain combinations can interfere with each other or overwhelm your digestive system. For instance:

<ul><li>Calcium inhibits iron absorption</li><li>Magnesium competes with calcium</li><li>High doses of vitamin C can impair B12 absorption</li><li>Some supplements can thin the blood—dangerous when mixed with medications</li></ul>

Always stagger supplements across your day and never exceed the recommended dosage, especially if your diet includes fortified foods (like cereals and snack bars), which can sneak in additional vitamins.

<h2>Most Common Mistakes People Make</h2>

<h4>1. Taking All Your Supplements at Once</h4>

It’s tempting to swallow a handful of pills first thing in the morning and be done with it. However, not all supplements play well together. For example, calcium and iron compete for absorption and should be taken at different times. Similarly, high-dose vitamin C can interfere with B12 absorption, and magnesium can block calcium uptake if consumed together in large amounts.

<h4>2. Overlapping and Double Dosing</h4>

With the proliferation of fortified foods and “broad-spectrum” supplements, it’s easy to accidentally exceed the recommended daily allowances for certain nutrients. Overdosing on vitamins like A, D, or iron can have serious health consequences. Always check labels and be mindful of what’s in your multivitamin, individual supplements, and fortified foods.

<h4>3. Using Supplements as a Substitute for Food</h4>

Supplements are intended to complement, not replace, a healthy diet. Whole foods provide a complex array of nutrients, including phytochemicals and fibers, that supplements alone cannot match. For most people, a varied, unprocessed diet remains the best source of vitamins and minerals.

<h2>What's The Food vs. Supplement Debate?</h2>

Whether you reach for a multivitamin with your morning coffee or pop an iron pill after lunch, chances are you’ve put more effort into remembering to take your supplements than considering when and how you should take them. Yet, experts agree: timing, pairing, and even the way you take your supplements can dramatically influence their effectiveness—and in some cases, your safety.From colorful pillboxes to gummy multivitamins, the supplement industry is booming. But here’s the catch: even the most consistent supplement-takers might be getting it all wrong—not because they’re skipping doses, but because they’re taking them at the wrong time, with the wrong foods, or in the wrong combinations.What most people don’t realize is that the when and how of taking supplements is as important as the what. So if you’ve been chasing your vitamins down with your morning latte or swallowing iron with your dinner yogurt, it might be time for a serious reset.Supplements are not magic bullets; they are concentrated forms of vitamins, minerals, and other nutrients designed to fill dietary gaps but unlike food, which delivers nutrients in a complex matrix of fibers, phytochemicals, and macronutrients, supplements are isolated. This means their absorption and utility can be heavily influenced by what else is in your stomach, your daily routine, and even the time of day.Why Timing Really Matters?You might think vitamins work like magic pills—take them, and you're covered. But the truth is more nuanced. The body’s ability to absorb and use nutrients depends on a variety of factors: the time of day, what you've eaten, your activity level, and even the combination of nutrients being consumed.Water-soluble vitamins (like B-complex and C) are best taken on an empty stomach, usually in the morning. They dissolve in water and are quickly absorbed. Fat-soluble vitamins (like A, D, E, and K), on the other hand, need to be taken with healthy fats to be absorbed properly.How Your Supplement Routine Might Look LikeSupplementBest Time to TakeTake WithAvoid WithWhy It MattersVitamin B12Morning (empty stomach)Water or light foodHigh-dose Vitamin C or ironSupports energy metabolism and neurological functionIronMorningVitamin C-rich drinks (lemon, amla juice)Calcium, tea, coffee, dairyEnhances hemoglobin production and oxygen deliveryFolic AcidMorning (with B12)Vitamin B12, Vitamin CHigh-dose zinc and antacidsPromotes red blood cell formation and DNA synthesisBiotinMorning (with breakfast)With or after mealRaw egg whitesSupports healthy hair, skin, nails, and energy metabolismVitamin DMidday (with lunch)Fat-rich meal (ghee, nuts, avocado)Empty stomachImproves bone health and immune functionOmega-3Lunch or dinnerHealthy fats, Vitamin DEmpty stomach (may cause nausea)Supports heart, brain function, and inflammation controlMagnesiumEvening or bedtimeAlone or with waterHigh-dose calcium or ironPromotes calm, muscle recovery, and sleepCalciumEvening or post-dinnerWater or post-mealIron, magnesium, zincEnhances bone strength; best absorbed later in the dayAshwagandhaNight (if for stress/sleep)Warm milk or waterCaffeineCalming adaptogen that supports sleep and cortisol balanceWhy You Shouldn’t Take Them All at OnceTempted to down all your pills with breakfast and call it a day? It’s not that simple. Certain combinations can interfere with each other or overwhelm your digestive system. For instance:Calcium inhibits iron absorptionMagnesium competes with calciumHigh doses of vitamin C can impair B12 absorptionSome supplements can thin the blood—dangerous when mixed with medicationsAlways stagger supplements across your day and never exceed the recommended dosage, especially if your diet includes fortified foods (like cereals and snack bars), which can sneak in additional vitamins.Most Common Mistakes People Make1. Taking All Your Supplements at OnceIt’s tempting to swallow a handful of pills first thing in the morning and be done with it. However, not all supplements play well together. For example, calcium and iron compete for absorption and should be taken at different times. Similarly, high-dose vitamin C can interfere with B12 absorption, and magnesium can block calcium uptake if consumed together in large amounts.2. Overlapping and Double DosingWith the proliferation of fortified foods and “broad-spectrum” supplements, it’s easy to accidentally exceed the recommended daily allowances for certain nutrients. Overdosing on vitamins like A, D, or iron can have serious health consequences. Always check labels and be mindful of what’s in your multivitamin, individual supplements, and fortified foods.3. Using Supplements as a Substitute for FoodSupplements are intended to complement, not replace, a healthy diet. Whole foods provide a complex array of nutrients, including phytochemicals and fibers, that supplements alone cannot match. For most people, a varied, unprocessed diet remains the best source of vitamins and minerals.What's The Food vs. Supplement Debate?Supplements can help fill nutritional gaps, especially if you follow a restricted or vegetarian diet. But they’re not substitutes for a healthy lifestyle. Understanding the nuances of when and how to take them can dramatically improve their effectiveness.Build a consistent routine, time your supplements strategically, and pair them with the right foods. Most importantly, prioritize whole foods—and let supplements support your health, not replace it.Research consistently shows that nutrients from whole foods are more beneficial than those from pills. Foods contain not just vitamins and minerals, but also a host of phytochemicals—plant-based compounds that work synergistically to reduce the risk of chronic diseases like heart disease and cancer. Supplements, by contrast, deliver isolated nutrients, often without the supporting cast that makes them effective in nature.How To Build a Smarter Supplement Routine?The best supplement routine is one you can stick to consistently, but also one that’s tailored to your lifestyle, diet, and health needs. Here are some expert tips:Personalize: Not everyone needs the same supplements. Get your nutrient levels checked and consult a healthcare professional before starting any new regimen.Time It Right: Stagger your supplements throughout the day to maximize absorption and minimize interactions.Stay Informed: Read labels, be aware of fortified foods, and avoid “megadoses” unless prescribed.Prioritize Food: Aim to get most of your nutrients from a varied, whole-foods diet.Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider before starting any new supplements, especially if you have existing health conditions, are on medication, or are pregnant or breastfeeding. Individual nutritional needs may vary.