Very often, we do leave rice for the next day, whether to put in another dish or to simply eat the next day. But have you ever wondered about the dangers of following this common food tradition? While health experts have often reiterated that reheating food diminishes its nutritional value, it is now proven that reheating rice can lead to food poisoning.Commonly called 'Reheating Rice Syndrome,' this tradition leads to food poisoning caused by Bacillus cereus, a bacteria that spreads in improperly cooled starches. This microorganism releases certain toxins that are heat stable and will survive getting zapped in the microwave or cooked in another dish. In this case, it becomes essential to throw out rice and other starchy food that have been left out at room temperature for over a couple of hours.Reheated Rice Syndrome ExplainedReheated rice syndrome is caused by a spore-forming bacteria called Bacillus cereus. Unlike other foodborne bacteria like Salmonella and E. coli, this bacteria releases toxins that are heat resistant. These spores can also survive cooking or digestion and later begin growing on food and in your intestines. To note, spores are reproductive cells that can develop into new individuals without fusing with another reproductive cell."It survives the initial cooking process as a spore and if it's left out at room temperature, it'll produce toxins," says Emily Hovis, an assistant teaching professor at the University of Washington School of Public Health, as well as a former food safety specialist for the Washington State Department of Health. "So even when you reheat it, you're killing the vegetative cells; you're not destroying the toxins."She said that most people can handle a small amount of these toxins. However, if Bacillus cereus multiplies enough in danger zones of between 40 degrees and 140 degrees, it can make you sick. People will get a really terrible vomiting illness because of this bacterial toxin that's in their food. It can also cause cramps and diarrhea.Rice Is Not The Only CulpritBesides rice, Bacillus cereus is found in other starches like pasta and potatoes. Another spore-forming bacteria called Clostridium perfringens grows on gravy and meats and also produces toxins resistant to cooking and reheating. It’s responsible for about 15 times the number of foodborne illnesses as Bacillus cereus and is especially prevalent around the holidays. A similar bacteria, Staphylococcus, can survive and thrive on salty foods like ham and cheese. It produces similar heat-resistant toxins that make people fall ill after eating.Symptoms To Look Out ForSymptoms from Bacillus cereus typically appear within 6 to 12 hours, making it faster than many other foodborne illnesses.- Common symptoms include:- Nausea- Abdominal cramps- Vomiting- If the bacteria multiply in the intestines and produce toxins, it can lead to severe diarrhea.- Overall, expect to spend significant time in the bathroom.However, regardless of the severity of the symptoms, no individual can die from extreme food poisoning caused by this germ. There are extremely rare cases of organ failure or death.Tips to Avoid a Bacillus cereus Infection- Get a good rice cooker and cook smaller portions of rice instead of big batches.- Don’t leave rice out for more than an hour or two (the “two-hour rule” applies to all cooked foods).- If you leave it in a rice cooker on the “Keep Warm” setting, measure it with a thermometer to make sure it’s at least 150 degrees and out of the danger zone.- If you do make a big portion, break it up into smaller storage containers before refrigerating. Don’t put a hot, covered pot of rice in the fridge that will trap heat and take a long time to cool.- After storing rice in smaller containers, put it right in the fridge; you don’t need to wait for it to cool down first.- Eat leftover rice within a few days, or even before that depending on your personal risk tolerance.- When in doubt, throw it out.