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Ishita Roy

Nipah Virus Outbreak In India: All That You Need To Know About This Infection

<span>Nipah virus outbreak</span> in West Bengal has raised concerns in parts of Asia. This has also led some airports to implement precautionary health screenings. As of now, five infections have been reported from the state, including two nurses, a doctor, hospital staff and some patient. According to India's health ministry, 196 people are known to be in contact with the infected individuals, however, when tested, the results came out negative.

<h2><span rel="noindex">Nipah Virus Outbreak India</span>: How Contagious Is This Disease?</h2>

<span>Nipah</span> virus is infectious and can spread from animals like bats and pigs to humans through bodily fluids or contaminated food. It can also pass between people through close contact, especially in caregiving settings. While it can spread via respiratory droplets in enclosed spaces, it is not considered highly airborne and usually requires close, prolonged contact for transmission. Common routes include direct exposure to infected animals or their fluids, consuming contaminated fruits or date palm sap, and contact with bodily fluids such as saliva, urine, or blood from an infected person.

Read: <a href="https://www.healthandme.com/health-news/nipah-virus-outbreak-in-india-travelers-screened-at-airports-article-153513966" data-type="tilCustomLink">Nipah Virus Outbreak in India, Travelers Screened At Airports</a>

People most at risk of Nipah virus are those who are more likely to come into close contact with infected animals or patients. This includes:

<ul><li>Healthcare workers caring for Nipah patients, especially without proper protective equipment</li><li>Family members and caregivers who have close physical contact with infected individuals</li><li>People living near bat habitats, particularly fruit bat roosting areas</li><li>Those who consume contaminated food, such as raw date palm sap or fruits partially eaten by bats</li><li>Farmers, animal handlers, and slaughterhouse workers who work with pigs or other animals that can carry the virus</li><li>Residents of outbreak-prone regions in India and Bangladesh, where Nipah cases recur</li><li>People with weak immunity, who may develop more severe illness after infection</li><li>Close, prolonged contact is the biggest risk factor. Casual contact in public spaces is far less likely to spread the virus.</li></ul>

As per the World Health Organization (WHO), Nipah virus infection is a zoonotic illness that is transmitted to people from animals, and can also be transmitted through contaminated food or directly from person to person.

In infected people, it causes a range of illnesses from asymptomatic (subclinical) infection to acute respiratory illness and fatal encephalitis. The virus can also cause severe disease in animals such as pigs, resulting in significant economic losses for farmers.

Although Nipah virus has caused only a few known outbreaks in Asia, it infects a wide range of animals and causes severe disease and death in people.

Also Read: <a href="https://www.healthandme.com/health-wellness/nipah-virus-outbreak-in-india-how-did-it-all-begin-article-153511484" data-type="tilCustomLink">Nipah Virus Outbreak In India: How Did It All Begin?</a>

<ul><li>Fever</li><li>Headache</li><li>Breathing difficulties</li><li>Cough and sore throat</li><li>Diarrhea</li><li>Vomiting</li><li>Muscle pain and severe weakness</li></ul>

The original infection was first identified in September 1998 in Perak, Malaysia, which was followed by second and third clusters in the state of Negri Sembilan, notes a 2021 study that tracks the evolution of the virus. The cases were prominent in adult men who were in contact with swine. By March 1999, a cluster of 11 similar cases were identified in Singapore, mostly common in slaughterhouse workers, who were in contact with pigs imported from Malaysia.

Then appeared a new, distinct strain of Nipah virus with infection which was characterized largely by severe respiratory symptoms. In 2000-2001, Bangladesh and India were affected.

It was later revealed that due to the consumption of raw date palm juice, the infection developed. This is because bats also are carrier of the virus and they may bite into raw fruits or lick them, and consuming juice from such fruits could spread the infection. This was a common practice in Bangladesh and much of South Asia.

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Nipah virus outbreak in West Bengal has raised concerns in parts of Asia. This has also led some airports to implement precautionary health screenings. As of now, five infections have been reported from the state, including two nurses, a doctor, hospital staff and some patient. According to India's health ministry, 196 people are known to be in contact with the infected individuals, however, when tested, the results came out negative.Nipah Virus Outbreak India: How Contagious Is This Disease?Nipah virus is infectious and can spread from animals like bats and pigs to humans through bodily fluids or contaminated food. It can also pass between people through close contact, especially in caregiving settings. While it can spread via respiratory droplets in enclosed spaces, it is not considered highly airborne and usually requires close, prolonged contact for transmission. Common routes include direct exposure to infected animals or their fluids, consuming contaminated fruits or date palm sap, and contact with bodily fluids such as saliva, urine, or blood from an infected person.Read: Nipah Virus Outbreak in India, Travelers Screened At AirportsPeople most at risk of Nipah virus are those who are more likely to come into close contact with infected animals or patients. This includes:Healthcare workers caring for Nipah patients, especially without proper protective equipmentFamily members and caregivers who have close physical contact with infected individualsPeople living near bat habitats, particularly fruit bat roosting areasThose who consume contaminated food, such as raw date palm sap or fruits partially eaten by batsFarmers, animal handlers, and slaughterhouse workers who work with pigs or other animals that can carry the virusResidents of outbreak-prone regions in India and Bangladesh, where Nipah cases recurPeople with weak immunity, who may develop more severe illness after infectionClose, prolonged contact is the biggest risk factor. Casual contact in public spaces is far less likely to spread the virus.What Is Nipah Virus?As per the World Health Organization (WHO), Nipah virus infection is a zoonotic illness that is transmitted to people from animals, and can also be transmitted through contaminated food or directly from person to person.In infected people, it causes a range of illnesses from asymptomatic (subclinical) infection to acute respiratory illness and fatal encephalitis. The virus can also cause severe disease in animals such as pigs, resulting in significant economic losses for farmers.Although Nipah virus has caused only a few known outbreaks in Asia, it infects a wide range of animals and causes severe disease and death in people.Also Read: Nipah Virus Outbreak In India: How Did It All Begin?Nipah Virus SymptomsFeverHeadacheBreathing difficultiesCough and sore throatDiarrheaVomitingMuscle pain and severe weaknessNipah Virus Outbreak: OriginThe original infection was first identified in September 1998 in Perak, Malaysia, which was followed by second and third clusters in the state of Negri Sembilan, notes a 2021 study that tracks the evolution of the virus. The cases were prominent in adult men who were in contact with swine. By March 1999, a cluster of 11 similar cases were identified in Singapore, mostly common in slaughterhouse workers, who were in contact with pigs imported from Malaysia.Then appeared a new, distinct strain of Nipah virus with infection which was characterized largely by severe respiratory symptoms. In 2000-2001, Bangladesh and India were affected.It was later revealed that due to the consumption of raw date palm juice, the infection developed. This is because bats also are carrier of the virus and they may bite into raw fruits or lick them, and consuming juice from such fruits could spread the infection. This was a common practice in Bangladesh and much of South Asia.

nipah virus outbreak in india: all that you need to know about this infection

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Nipah Virus Outbreak In India: All That You Need To Know About This Infection

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