Starting on September 1, 2025, the NHS in the UK is expanding who can get the shingles vaccine. The program now includes all adults aged 18 and older who have a very weak immune system. This change aims to protect about 300,000 more people from the painful and serious problems shingles can cause.

This decision came from a group of experts called the Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation (JCVI). They found that younger adults with weak immune systems face a similar risk of getting so sick from shingles that they need to go to the hospital, just like older adults who were already getting the vaccine.

Dr. Amanda Doyle from NHS England says the vaccine is safe and works well. She explains that it greatly lowers the chance of getting shingles and becoming seriously ill. She encourages anyone who is now eligible to get vaccinated as soon as possible, even if they have had shingles before, since you can get it more than once.

Who Is Now Eligible for Shingles Vaccine?

Shingles is caused by the same virus as chickenpox, and it can cause a very painful rash. For most people, it's not a serious illness, but it can lead to problems like long-lasting nerve pain, eye issues, or even more serious infections like pneumonia.

The new group of people who can get the vaccine includes those with conditions like leukemia or lymphoma, or those going through chemotherapy. These individuals are at a much higher risk of getting very sick if they get shingles. The NHS will start contacting eligible patients soon, but you can also book an appointment through your doctor's office.

How Long Does Shingles Vaccine Work?

According to the Harvard Health, the Center of Disease Control and Prevention recommends that adults aged 50 and older get two doses of the Shingrix vaccine to prevent shingles. A 2024 study by Annals of Internal Medicine, looked at how well this vaccine works over time, and the results are very promising.

The study, which included almost two million people, found that the two-dose vaccine was still 73% effective at preventing shingles four years later. This shows that the vaccine provides long-lasting protection.

However, the study also highlighted the importance of getting both doses. People who only received one dose saw their protection drop quickly after the first year, with the vaccine being only 52% effective after three years. This makes it clear why getting the second shot is so important.

What If You're Late for the Second Shot?

If you miss the recommended two-to-six-month window for your second dose, don't worry—it's not too late. The study found that delaying the second dose beyond six months did not make the vaccine less effective. You should get your second dose as soon as you can to ensure you have full, long-lasting protection.

The study also found that the vaccine worked slightly better for people who got their shots before age 65 compared to those who were vaccinated later in life.

When Do You Need Shingles Shot?

Different countries have different guidelines, while CDC recommends people above 50 get vaccinated as well as adults aged 19 and older who have a weakened immune system should also get two doses to protect themselves.

In the UK, the shingles vaccine, called Shingrix, was previously given to people aged 65 to 79 and those with a very weak immune system who were 50 or older. However, following advice from a group of experts, this is changing.

Starting next week, all adults aged 18 and over with a very weak immune system will be able to get the vaccine. This is because the experts found that these younger adults face the same high risk of severe illness or long-lasting nerve pain from shingles as the groups who were already eligible.

Recalled Pasta Meals Listeria: A nationwide listeria outbreak connected to recalled ready-to-eat pasta meals has claimed six lives and left several others hospitalized, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Data shared by public health agencies, including the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Food Safety and Inspection Service (USDA-FSIS), shows that 27 people across 18 states have been infected with the outbreak strain of listeria.

Out of 26 people with detailed medical information, 25 required hospitalization, and six deaths occurred in Hawaii, Illinois, Michigan, Oregon, Texas, and Utah. As reported by PEOPLE, one pregnancy-related infection also led to the loss of a baby.

The CDC noted that the real number of cases is likely higher since confirming a link to an outbreak can take several weeks, and some individuals may recover without medical attention.

As the listeria outbreak unfolds, it raises the question: how do you know if you are at risk?

Recalled Pasta Meals Listeria: Who All Are At Risks For Listeria Outbreak?

According to the CDC, listeria poses the greatest danger to pregnant women, adults over 65, and individuals with weakened immune systems. In these groups, the bacteria can spread beyond the intestines and cause a serious condition called invasive listeriosis.

• For pregnant women, infection can lead to pregnancy loss, premature birth, or severe illness in newborns.
• For older adults and people with compromised immunity, listeria often leads to hospitalization and, in some cases, death.

Other individuals may develop headache, stiff neck, confusion, loss of balance, and convulsions, along with fever, muscle aches, and tiredness.

Listeria Prepared Pasta Recall: How To Know If You Are Affected By Listeria

People usually get infected after consuming food contaminated with the bacteria. The incubation period, the time between infection and symptom onset, can range from 3 to 70 days, with an average of about 3 weeks. When a pregnant woman eats contaminated food, the infection can pass through the placenta to the baby.

As the CDC explains, healthy individuals may not show symptoms or might only develop mild, short-lived flu-like signs, sometimes with minor digestive discomfort. These mild infections typically remain limited to the gut lining.

In people at higher risk, the bacteria can spread into the bloodstream, leading to more severe complications. Older adults and those with weakened immune systems can develop meningitis or sepsis, which present as headache, stiff neck, confusion, loss of balance, or seizures.

Pregnant women may have few or no symptoms, but infection can still harm the baby, leading to miscarriage, stillbirth, premature labor, or meningitis in newborns. For more detailed information, pregnant women are advised to refer to official CDC guidance on listeria during pregnancy.

Recalled Pasta Meals Listeria: How Does Listeria Get Into Food?

Listeria monocytogenes is a naturally occurring bacterium found in soil and water. Vegetables may become contaminated through soil or manure-based fertilizers. Animals can also carry listeria without appearing sick, which means meat and dairy from these animals can be infected. In some cases, contamination occurs after food processing, such as in soft cheeses or deli products.

Listeria Prepared Pasta Recall: How Is Listeriosis Diagnosed?

Doctors typically confirm listeriosis by testing a patient’s blood or cerebrospinal fluid (the liquid that surrounds the brain and spinal cord). During pregnancy, a blood test is the most accurate way to determine whether a woman’s symptoms are caused by a listeria infection.

A group of research lab monkeys escaped captivity in Mississippi as the truck carrying them overturned on Tuesday. The monkeys were on their way to a Tulane University research center in New Orleans from the University’s Biomedical Research Center in Louisiana.

At first, officials worried the monkeys might have dangerous sicknesses, like herpes. However, Tulane University quickly said the animals were healthy and disease-free. They confirmed the monkeys had not been near any germ that could cause an illness.

Videos of the crash on Interstate 59 showed monkeys crawling in the grass next to broken wooden cages. So far, 14 monkeys have been found, 5 died, while 2 are still at large and the search continues. While the health officials assured people that there were no possible disease outbreaks, questions about ethical considerations and risks that come with animal testing have been brought up.

Why Are Monkeys Used In Medical Research?

According to the European Animal Research Association (EARA), scientists generally use animals like mice and rats much more than monkeys. However, monkeys, also called non-human primates (NHPs), are sometimes needed because their bodies are the most like human bodies. This means that for some diseases, mice and rats just aren't good enough models to show how a treatment will work in a person.

The Understanding Animal Research UK Organization explains that the most commonly used monkeys in research are Rhesus macaques, Cynomolgus macaques, and Common Marmosets.

Old-world monkeys, which are Macaques, share 94% genetic code with humans while the new-world monkeys which are Marmosets, share 91.7% genetic code with humans. The EARA expands that monkeys are especially important for research on:

• Brain diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.
• Reproduction (like developing IVF).
• Infections where a person's body reacts very differently from a rodent's.
• New surgical techniques like organ transplants.

Even in Europe, which has strict rules to protect lab animals, experts agree that while the goal is to stop using monkeys completely, a limited number are still necessary right now for key studies on the immune system and brain diseases.

What Are The Risks Involved With Animal Research?

The Hastings Center for Bioethics explains that despite being used for research and discovering new treatments, almost 100 percent of new drugs for Alzheimer's have failed over many years. Some scientists point out that rhesus monkeys don't naturally get the full disease, the way humans do.

This brings up a moral question: Are we using these animals because science truly requires it, or is it simply the easiest option?

When animal research doesn't result in a cure for people, which is called a "translational failure", it means the lives of these conscious, feeling animals are wasted in experiments that probably won't work. This failure is also bad for humans, who face risks in trials based on weak animal data and who keep waiting for medical breakthroughs that never arrive.

Are Monkey-Based Researches Accurate?

The accuracy of these tests and research has been questioned before. According to a 2023 explainer published in the Nature, a scientist named Dr. Jonah Sacha, who studies the body's immune system and how it fights disease, bought a group of monkeys for his research on infectious diseases.

Before starting his studies, Dr. Sacha followed standard safety procedures and took chest X-rays of all the monkeys. This is like giving them a quick check-up. During this screening, he made a worrying discovery: one of the monkeys was sick.

This monkey was carrying the bacteria that causes tuberculosis (TB). Even though the monkey wasn't showing signs of being sick, the X-ray showed it had latent TB. "Latent" means the TB germs were hidden or sleeping inside its body, ready to cause the full, active disease later on. This finding was a major problem because TB is highly contagious and could have easily spread to the other monkeys, and potentially even to the lab workers, creating a dangerous situation.

The researchers explain that it can lead to disruptions in the experiments and unreliable data.

Can Monkeys Be Replaced For Research?

The EARA explains that monkeys are currently required to test new drug safety because no other animal or lab model, like "organs-on-a-chip," can fully replicate the human body's complexity. Banning these studies would simply move them outside the EU, as global safety rules demand them. For specific human diseases, especially in brain science, monkeys remain the only suitable model, and replacements are not yet ready.

Researchers are currently working on ways to remove the need for animals in health research, however overturning the status quo may take a few more years.

A widespread listeria outbreak traced to contaminated ready-to-eat meals has resulted in at least six deaths and 27 hospitalizations across 18 states, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has advised consumers to inspect their freezers for potentially affected items tied to the ongoing infections.

Nate’s Fine Foods, the company behind the products connected to the outbreak, issued a statement on September 29 confirming that listeria was found in some of its food products.

Listeria Outbreak Expands Across States, Linked to Ready-to-Eat Pasta Products

The number of deaths has increased in the ongoing listeria outbreak connected to ready-to-eat pasta dishes sold at major retailers including Walmart, Kroger, and Trader Joe’s.

According to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), seven new cases of listeria infection have been confirmed in three additional states since the previous update on September 25. The outbreak has now affected 27 people across 18 states and caused six deaths as of October 30.

Of those infected, 25 required hospitalization, and one case involved a pregnancy-related loss, the FDA noted. The FDA, along with the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), continues to investigate the nationwide outbreak.

The investigation, which began in June, has traced the outbreak to contaminated precooked pasta produced by Nate’s Fine Foods, Inc. The tainted pasta was used in a variety of ready-to-eat items, including pasta salads, frozen meals, and deli products distributed through several major grocery chains.

What Is Listeria?

Listeria is a harmful bacterium that causes listeriosis, a serious infection spread through contaminated food. It is commonly found in soil, water, and various ready-to-eat items such as deli meats, soft cheeses, and prepackaged meals like the recently recalled pasta sold at Walmart.

Unlike most bacteria, Listeria can survive and multiply in cold environments, including refrigerators, which is why safe food storage and thorough cooking are essential, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).

Who Is Most at Risk from Listeria?

Although anyone can become infected, certain people face a greater risk of complications. These include pregnant women, newborns, older adults, and individuals with weakened immune systems. In pregnant women, the infection can lead to miscarriage, stillbirth, or severe illness in newborns.

Symptoms of listeriosis usually appear within two weeks of eating contaminated food. The illness often starts with digestive discomfort, including nausea or diarrhea, and can progress to more severe signs such as fever, muscle aches, headaches, stiff neck, confusion, and loss of balance.

Full List of Recalled Products Linked to Listeria Outbreak

According to The Associated Press, the following ready-to-eat meals have been recalled due to potential Listeria contamination:

• Sprouts Smoked Mozzarella Pasta Salad – sold from deli or Grab & Go section; best-by dates Oct. 10–29
• Giant Eagle Smoked Mozzarella Pasta Salad – expiration dates Sept. 30–Oct. 7
• Kroger Deli Bowtie and Penne Pasta Salads – sold Aug. 29–Oct. 2
• Scott & Jon’s Shrimp Scampi with Linguini Bowls (9.6 oz) – best if used by Mar. 12, 13, 17, and 21, 2027
• Trader Joe’s Cajun Style Blackened Chicken Breast Fettuccine Alfredo (16 oz) – best if used by Sept. 20, 24, 27, 28; Oct. 1, 3, 5, 8, and 10
• Albertsons Deli Pasta Salads – sell through dates Sept. 8–Oct. 4
• Marketside Linguine with Beef Meatballs & Marinara Sauce (12 oz) – best-by Sept. 22, 24, 25; Sept. 29–Oct. 1
• Marketside Grilled Chicken Alfredo with Fettuccine (12.3 oz) – best-by June 26 or earlier; (32.8 oz) – best-by June 27 or earlier
• Home Chef Chicken Fettuccine Alfredo (12.5 oz) – best-by June 19 or earlier