A baby boy in the United Kingdom was born twice—first in the womb and again at full term which was nothing short of an extraordinary medical feat that borders on the miraculous. Meet baby Rafferty Isaac, a symbol of survival, and his mother Lucy, whose determination and courage have moved the world.

For 32-year-old Lucy Isaac, a special needs teacher from Reading, her pregnancy journey took an unexpected turn during a routine ultrasound scan at 12 weeks. The scan revealed signs of ovarian cancer, a diagnosis that would terrify any expectant mother. Waiting to treat the cancer until after delivery was not an option, as the disease risked spreading rapidly. Yet performing conventional laparoscopic surgery during the second trimester was equally out of the question—her pregnancy had already advanced to the point where it complicated standard treatment approaches.

Time was running out. Lucy’s doctors at John Radcliffe Hospital in Oxford knew that urgent action was needed to save both mother and child. And so, they turned to an operation that had rarely been performed before—one that would test the limits of surgical precision and maternal strength.

What followed was a pioneering and high-risk five-hour surgery, led by consultant gynecological oncologist Dr. Hooman Soleymani Majd. The procedure involved temporarily removing Lucy’s womb—still carrying her unborn baby Rafferty—from her abdomen. This gave surgeons access to the cancerous tumors growing behind it. Wrapped in warm, sterile saline gauze to maintain body-like conditions, Lucy’s uterus remained connected to vital structures including the uterine artery, cervix, and umbilical cord, while two dedicated medics monitored Rafferty's heartbeat and temperature in real time.

For approximately two hours, Rafferty floated safely outside his mother’s body, held gently by doctors as his mother’s life hung in the balance. Her tumors, diagnosed as grade two, had already begun to invade surrounding tissues, complicating the delicate surgery even further. A surgical team of more than 15—consisting of surgeons, nurses, and anesthetists—worked in unison, navigating the tightrope between preserving life and preventing tragedy.

Despite the enormous risks, the surgery was a success. The tumors were removed, and the womb was carefully repositioned into Lucy’s body to allow the pregnancy to continue as naturally as possible.

Fast forward to January: after weeks of recovery and cautious monitoring, Lucy gave birth to a healthy baby boy, Rafferty Isaac, weighing 6 pounds 5 ounces. For Lucy and her husband Adam, who had undergone a kidney transplant just two years prior, the moment was deeply emotional.

“To finally hold Rafferty in our arms after everything we have been through was the most amazing moment,” said Adam, reflecting on the turbulent journey they had braved together.

Surgeon Dr. Majd, who had only performed the procedure a handful of times before, described the experience as one of the most emotional moments in his career. “It felt as if I had met him previously,” he said, referring to the rare encounter during surgery. Baby Rafferty’s safe arrival symbolized not just survival but a second chance at life.

What Is the Rare Surgery Doctors Performed?

The medical term for the procedure is extra-corporeal uterine surgery, an extremely rare and delicate operation that involves temporarily removing the uterus while preserving fetal life. Though rare, the surgery exemplifies the potential of maternal-fetal medicine when facing dual life-threatening conditions.

Throughout the procedure, maintaining the uterine temperature and blood supply was crucial to preventing fetal distress. The uterus was kept wrapped in warm sterile gauze, and medics ensured constant circulation through the uterine artery. Fetal heart monitoring continued throughout. The team used surgical planning strategies usually reserved for complex oncological operations, paired with advanced obstetric care.

This case also sheds light on how high-risk pregnancies can be managed innovatively through a multidisciplinary approach. It required not only gynecologic oncology but also obstetrics, neonatology, anesthesiology, and surgical nursing teams working seamlessly together.

Lucy considers herself incredibly lucky that her ovarian cancer was detected so early, even before symptoms appeared. Ovarian cancer often goes undetected until its later stages, making early diagnosis critical. According to statistics, approximately 7,000 women in the UK are diagnosed with ovarian cancer each year, and survival rates improve significantly with early intervention.

Baby Rafferty, now eleven weeks old, is thriving—a joyful reminder of how hope, medical innovation, and human courage can intersect to create what some might call a miracle. His story also serves as a beacon of possibility for expectant mothers facing complex diagnoses.

Imagine a fourth-grader in a classroom full of chatter and potential. The teacher announces, “Form your groups,” and he waits—scanning faces, hoping someone gestures toward him but no one does. That ache in the chest? That’s not just embarrassment or disappointment it’s rejection—and for kids, it lands with surprising force. Or consider the reality for a teenager who finds out that their friends hosted a dinner party sans their invitation. These experiences are not just momentary disappointments; they can be deeply ingrained in the fabric of our emotions, influencing not just behaviors but our mental well-being.

We often think of rejection as a bruising experience to be avoided. As adults, we know the sting—being passed over for a promotion, left out of a gathering, or ghosted after a second date. But for children navigating their earliest friendships and social landscapes, rejection can feel like a signal flare going off in their brains. And according to new and emerging research, that pain might actually be useful.

Rejection, as it turns out, is more than just a blow to the ego. It’s a biological signal, a teaching moment, and a map to social understanding—especially during childhood. Far from just scarring kids, it can guide them to build stronger, more meaningful relationships, if we understand what’s happening beneath the surface.

Rejection as a Social Learning Tool

Social psychology and neuroscience researchers have spent years untangling the emotional toll of rejection and here’s what they’ve found: rejection doesn’t just feel bad—it actually activates the same areas of the brain involved in physical pain. The anterior cingulate cortex, to be specific.

From an evolutionary standpoint, rejection has profound significance. Our ancestors likely cultivated social bonds for survival. In prehistoric times, being excluded from social groups jeopardized one's safety and resource access, rendering social belonging a fundamental human necessity. Hence, our brains evolved to respond with urgency to feelings of rejection; the anterior cingulate cortex—known to activate in response to physical pain—fires up in reaction to social exclusion.

There’s more to it than hurt feelings, as social psychologists puts it, rejection is not just pain—it’s feedback. Neuroscience has revealed intriguing insights into this complex interplay of feelings and actions. In an environment where social dynamics are not static but constantly evolving, children learn to read behaviors, decipher intentions, and refine their assumptions throughout their experiences with peers. Early rejection may lead to reflection on one's behavior, intentions, and ultimately, a more keen ability to navigate future interactions.

In studies where participants were excluded from a simple virtual ball-tossing game, their brains didn’t just light up from distress—they showed signs of processing surprise. That surprise, researchers now believe, may be what turns rejection into a learning signal.

What this means is that the brain doesn’t just say, “Ouch, that hurt.” It says, “Wait, what happened—and what can I do differently next time?” In the social landscape, especially among kids, rejection may actually help refine how they approach relationships in the future. It becomes a kind of emotional GPS—updating their internal models of trust, value, and connection.

How the Brain Processes Acceptance and Rejection Differently?

Intriguingly, while an anxious child might avoid disruptive behaviors, a child conditioned to anticipate rejection might instead develop a more rebellious stance against peer conformity. This indicates that rejection can lead to various coping mechanisms, thereby influencing children’s decision-making processes when navigating peer relationships.

Recent research has found that the brain treats social rejection and acceptance as distinct—but complementary—forms of learning.

When someone experiences acceptance, areas like the ventral striatum activate. That’s the part of the brain associated with rewards like praise, money, or affection. In contrast, the anterior cingulate cortex processes social devaluation or rejection—but not just as emotional pain. It recalibrates a person’s sense of social standing, helping them update beliefs about where they stand in the group.

So when kids are rejected, especially unexpectedly, their brains are doing more than just hurting. They’re recalculating relational value: Who likes me? Who doesn’t? Who can I trust?

That recalibration can actually lead to better social decision-making. It helps kids discern between relationships worth investing in and those that may not be safe or reciprocal. That’s a skill they’ll need their entire lives.

While rejection can serve as a powerful teacher, it’s not experienced the same way by every child. New research from the University of Georgia reveals two key reactions in children who are sensitive to rejection:

Rejection Expectancy: A cognitive pattern where children assume they’ll be rejected.

Anxious Rejection Anticipation: An emotional state where the child fears being excluded, even without evidence.

These patterns show up in fascinating—and sometimes contradictory—ways.

Children who fear rejection tend to conform more. They try harder in school, follow rules more closely, and avoid troublemaking behaviors. In essence, they try to stay in good standing by blending in and performing well.

On the other hand, children who expect rejection often resist conforming. They’re less likely to follow group norms or academic expectations, perhaps because they’ve already assumed there’s no reward in fitting in.

This split in behavior shows that rejection isn’t just a one-size-fits-all experience. How a child interprets rejection—cognitively and emotionally—shapes whether it motivates connection or fuels isolation.

When Rejection Teaches the Wrong Lessons?

Of course, not all rejection leads to growth. Chronic or repeated social exclusion—especially in environments marked by bullying or relational aggression—can reinforce a child’s belief that they are unworthy of connection. This can lead to emotional withdrawal, aggression, or symptoms of depression, often before those children even have the language to articulate their pain.

Children who don’t receive support after rejection may also misread future social cues, seeing threats where none exist. In extreme cases, this hypersensitivity can contribute to the development of conditions like borderline personality disorder, which is often characterized by unstable relationships and intense emotional responses to both praise and criticism.

That’s why parental and educator intervention is crucial. Teaching children to understand and regulate their emotional responses to rejection—and to make sense of their social world—is just as important as teaching math or reading.

What Can Adults Do to Help?

When kids experience rejection, adults often respond with platitudes: “They’re just jealous,” or “You don’t need them anyway.” But these responses, though well-meaning, can invalidate a child’s feelings or prevent them from developing the skills to handle future rejection constructively. Instead, adults can:

Normalize rejection as part of social life. Explain that everyone feels excluded sometimes, and it doesn’t define their worth.

Help children distinguish between one-off slights and patterns of exclusion. Was it a misunderstanding, or is it part of a larger trend?

Support emotional regulation. Teach children to manage anger, sadness, and shame without suppressing them.

Model healthy responses to rejection in their own lives. Kids learn from watching how adults handle setbacks.

Ultimately, rejection teaches kids how to belong. It helps them calibrate their expectations, recognize which friendships are reciprocal, and learn how to show up more authentically in relationships.

When rejection is met with support, reflection, and context, it can become a bridge—not a barrier—to deeper connection.

For many people coffee is the beginning of their day. It tastes good, it's routine, and it gives a boost of energy. Coffee has good things in it, like antioxidants, and it can help you focus and even improve your mood. But now, more people are thinking about their hormones and how their body deals with stress and sleep. So, there's a growing interest in how coffee actually impacts our bodies as a whole.

Studies show that having coffee between 10 AM and 11 AM works better for most people. This way, it helps with energy without messing up your sleep later. The Cleveland Clinic explains that drinking coffee around 9:30 am and 11 am helps you reap the most benefits. People who wait about 90 to 120 minutes after waking up before having their first coffee often have more steady energy and better hormone balance throughout the day.

Some people find that drinking too much coffee can lead to high stress hormone levels. When they cut back to just one cup a day, their stress hormones got better, and they slept much more soundly.

Also, having coffee on an empty stomach might make your stress system work harder. This isn't good if you're already stressed or dealing with hormone imbalances, as you might be extra sensitive. So, it's a good idea to eat something before you have your morning coffee.

How Much Coffee Helps Your Health?

You might already know that drinking a moderate amount of coffee—around three to five cups a day—has been linked to living longer. Research has also hinted that when you drink your coffee could play a big role in these benefits. A study published in the National heart, Lung and Blood Institute found that adults who enjoyed their coffee before noon saw the biggest drop in their risk of dying early from any cause, including heart problems.

To figure this out, researchers looked at nutrition information from over 40,000 adults in the U.S. who were part of a long-term health study. About half of these individuals, 52%, drank coffee. Out of those, more than a third (36%) drank their coffee only in the morning, while the rest (16%) drank it throughout the day.

After accounting for various other health factors, the study found that adults who stuck to drinking coffee between 4 a.m. and noon were 16% less likely to die from any cause over nearly 10 years, compared to those who didn't drink coffee at all. Even more impressively, they were 31% less likely to die from heart disease. These benefits didn't apply to people who drank coffee all day long.

Coffee and Women's Cycles

For women, drinking coffee during the second half of their menstrual cycle (called the luteal phase) can make PMS symptoms worse. This is because coffee increases a stress hormone when the body should be relying more on a calming hormone. Many women say they feel much better hormonally if they stick to just one coffee a day during the first half of their cycle and completely cut it out during the second half.

The main point isn't just about coffee itself. It's about how coffee mixes with your own body, your stress levels, your sleep schedule, and your hormones. Some people can handle it fine, while others might feel worse over time without realizing coffee is part of the problem. So, like with many things, you should pay attention to what works and what doesn't work for your unique body and its hormones.

Why Morning Coffee May Be Better For the Body?

The researchers think there are two main reasons why morning coffee might be so beneficial:

Better Sleep

Drinking caffeinated coffee earlier in the day, instead of in the afternoon or evening, is less likely to disrupt your sleep. Good sleep is crucial for your overall health, especially for your heart.

Anti-Inflammatory Boost

Coffee has properties that fight inflammation. These effects might be strongest in the morning because that's when inflammation levels in your body can be at their highest.

The World Health Organization (WHO) has sounded the alarm on a growing yet often overlooked crisis: loneliness. In its newly released report titled “From loneliness to social connection: charting the path to healthier societies,” WHO reveals that loneliness is linked to nearly 100 deaths every hour, translating to more than 871,000 lives lost annually to loneliness-related causes.

This revelation marks loneliness as more than a mere emotional experience—it is now recognized as a pressing public health concern with severe, measurable consequences.

One in Six People Affected Globally

According to the report, one in six people worldwide experiences loneliness. The impact is most severe among young people and those living in low- and middle-income countries, where systemic inequalities and lack of access to support services compound feelings of social disconnection.

WHO defines loneliness as “the distressing feeling that results from a gap between desired and actual social relationships,” while social isolation refers to the objective absence of social ties. Though distinct, both conditions significantly increase the risk of physical and mental health issues.

A Paradox in a Digitally Connected World

“Even in a digitally connected world, many young people feel alone,” noted Chido Mpemba, co-chair of the WHO Commission on Social Connection. Her comments highlight a growing paradox: while technology allows unprecedented access to communication, it often fails to deliver meaningful connection.

WHO Director-General Dr. Tedros Adhanom

Ghebreyesus echoed these concerns, stating, “In this age when the possibilities to connect are endless, more and more people are finding themselves isolated and lonely.”

The report points to excessive screen time, poor quality of online interactions, and social media pressures as contributing factors to the emotional disconnect experienced by many—especially adolescents and young adults.

Health Risks Comparable to Smoking and Obesity

The consequences of prolonged loneliness and social isolation extend far beyond emotional distress. The report highlights links between loneliness and serious health outcomes, including:

• Increased risk of stroke and heart disease
• Type 2 diabetes
• Cognitive decline and dementia
• Depression, anxiety, and suicidal thoughts
• Early death

Lonely individuals are twice as likely to experience depression, and the overall impact on the body includes heightened inflammation and stress hormone levels—comparable to those found in people who smoke or are obese.

“Social connection offers protective benefits throughout life,” the report emphasizes, stating that strong interpersonal ties can improve immune function, boost mental resilience, and extend life expectancy.

Inequality and Infrastructure Worsen the Problem

The burden of loneliness is not distributed equally. WHO identifies several contributing factors that disproportionately affect people in low-resource settings. These include:

• Poor physical and mental health
• Low income and education levels
• Lack of inclusive public policies

Limited access to transportation, safe spaces, or community services

Without adequate infrastructure and inclusive social systems, people are more likely to remain disconnected, creating a cycle of isolation that is difficult to break.

WHO’s Roadmap for Action

In response to this urgent crisis, WHO is urging governments, communities, and individuals to treat social connection as a public health priority. The report outlines a five-part roadmap for coordinated global action:

Policy Development: Integrating social connection into national health and social strategies.

Research and Data: Improving the measurement of loneliness and evaluating the effectiveness of interventions.

Scalable Interventions: Supporting local programs that promote engagement and inclusion.

Public Engagement: Raising awareness through campaigns and community involvement.

Cross-Sector Collaboration: Uniting healthcare, education, transportation, and technology sectors to build supportive environments.

“As technology reshapes our lives, we must ensure it strengthens—not weakens—human connection,” Mpemba said.