While fads in diet come and go, the low-carb trend has maintained a firm hold on the global health and wellness industry. Introduced as early as the 1860s, the method regained popularity during the 1970s in the form of the Atkins diet and again with the more recent paleo and keto dieting. The overall idea has remained mostly the same: reduce carbs to shed pounds and experience metabolic benefits.

But what really happens in your body when you cut carbs completely out — even temporarily, like a week? An increasing number of individuals are giving temporary carb deprivation a try, wanting to learn how their body reacts. The outcome, however, is far more complex than expected.

What Are Carbohydrates?

Carbohydrates are one of the three macronutrients necessary — in addition to protein and fat — for the human body to function and be healthy in large quantities. Healthy adults, the 2020–2025 Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommend, need to consume between 45% to 65% of their daily calories from carbohydrates. These are fruits, vegetables, legumes, whole grains, and dairy — foods that also contain fiber, vitamins, and important minerals.

Notably, the body cannot produce carbohydrates by itself. That is, they have to be derived from diet. So what occurs when you defy this biological makeup?

Nutritionist Justin Gichaba went on social media platform Instagram, he started the challenge of eliminating all carbs for seven days and shared his experience on social media. His test revealed both the famous and lesser-known impacts of zero-carb living.

"I felt lighter, less bloated, and more mentally clear," Gichaba said. These short-term effects are typically reported by those who adopt low-carb diets. In fact, lower carbohydrate consumption can actually help to reduce water retention and normalize blood sugar first, which could result in greater alertness and less brain fog.

Yet the advantages had boundaries. "My workouts were horrible," Gichaba admitted. "I had no energy, and my performance was awful." Without carbs, he found strength training and endurance during cardio a challenge.

Why Energy Levels Take a Dip?

Carbohydrates are the body's first choice as a source of rapid energy — especially useful in physical activity. When you drop carbs, however, your body resorts to using fat for energy, going into a metabolic stage called ketosis. Although ketosis can work for weight reduction, it hurts many at the expense of weakness, decreased stamina, and recovery.

Carbs also help shuttle the body into rest and recovery mode after exercise. Without them, stress hormones can remain elevated longer, increasing fatigue and delaying muscle repair.

As your brain primarily runs on glucose (a simple carbohydrate), depriving it of its favorite fuel source can lead to cognitive side effects. People often report feeling mentally sluggish or irritable in the first several days of carb elimination.

In the early phases of ketosis, dizziness, headaches, and weakness are also experienced. These are the reactions to the metabolic change as the body learns to make ketones rather than utilizing glucose.

How Does No Carbs Affect The Body?

Another underappreciated effect of steering clear of carbs is a tremendous decrease in fiber intake, prevalent in whole foods like whole grains, fruits, legumes, and vegetables. Fiber is imperative in aiding digestion, ensuring daily bowel movements, and nourishing beneficial gut flora.

Without fiber, most individuals on zero-carb diets are plagued by constipation, bloating, or gut dysbiosis — complications that can remain or intensify with long-term restriction.

While short-term carb restriction can facilitate rapid weight loss, studies indicate that long-term compliance with very low-carb diets can be detrimental to health. A 2022 study in Current Developments in Nutrition reported that some participants on low-carb diets had a rise in LDL (bad) cholesterol, most likely because of lower fiber and higher saturated fat consumption.

Other long-term hazards can include kidney stress, bone loss of density, and decreased physical function, although evidence is conflicting. Population studies have also found a correlation between very low-carbohydrate diets and increased all-cause mortality, although causation has yet to be determined.

Completely eliminating carbohydrates is not only nutritionally unbalanced but frequently unsustainable. Omitting one food group can result in deficiencies and enhance the risk of disordered eating behavior.

Rather, quality over quantity is recommended by experts. Not all carbohydrates are equal — leafy greens, sweet potatoes, berries, and legumes are rich in nutrients that maintain long-term health. Steer clear of ultra-processed, sugary carbs and not all carbs in general.

Should You Go Carb-Free?

For the average healthy person, the drawbacks of eliminating carbs outweigh any benefits — particularly in the long run. Carbohydrates play a role in brain function, digestion, muscle function, and hormonal balance. If you do want to use a low-carb diet for particular health issues, talk with a health care provider or registered dietitian so that it is done safely and in a sustainable way.

A week of going carb-free can be a fun experiment, but it should not become a way of life without precise medical advice. The smarter option? Focus on whole-food, complex carbs and keep nutrition balanced.

A common vegetable has been found to help reduce blood pressure in older adults, according to a new study. Beetroot juice can lower blood pressure in people aged 60 and above by targeting certain potentially harmful bacteria in the mouth. Researchers at the University of Exeter studied how younger and older adults responded to beetroot juice, which is rich in dietary nitrates. These nitrates are converted by the body into nitric oxide, a compound that relaxes and widens blood vessels, helping to lower blood pressure.

How the Study Tested Beetroot Juice on Younger and Older Adults

The study included 39 adults under the age of 30 and 36 adults in their 60s and 70s. For two weeks, each group received shots of beetroot juice. After a two-week break, during which participants used antiseptic mouthwash daily, they were given a placebo juice without nitrates for another two weeks.

Researchers analyzed the bacteria in participants’ mouths using gene sequencing. In both groups, the oral microbiome—the community of microorganisms in the mouth—changed after drinking nitrate-rich juice, though the effects were different depending on age. In older adults, there was a reduction in common bacteria that can sometimes cause infections and an increase in bacteria that support health. The older participants also showed lower blood pressure after two weeks of drinking the nitrate-rich juice.

Professor Andy Jones of the University of Exeter said, “This study shows that nitrate-rich foods can change the oral microbiome in ways that may reduce inflammation and lower blood pressure in older adults. This opens the door for larger studies to examine how lifestyle factors and biological sex affect responses to dietary nitrate supplements.”

Can A Person Drink Beet Juice While Taking Blood Pressure Medication?

It may be possible to drink beet juice while taking blood pressure medications. However, it’s important to consult a doctor before making any changes to a treatment plan for high blood pressure.

A doctor can advise whether combining beet juice with blood pressure medication could lower blood pressure too much. If this happens, a person may experience symptoms such as:

• Dizziness or lightheadedness
• Blurry vision
• Fainting
• Confusion
• Weakness or tiredness
• Headache
• Back or neck pain
• Heart palpitations
• Nausea

Low blood pressure (hypotension) can be serious. If someone experiences severe symptoms that do not improve when sitting or lying down, they should seek immediate medical attention.

Does Eating Beets Lower Blood Pressure?

Eating beets may help reduce blood pressure, but most research has focused on beet juice rather than whole beets.

Currently, there isn’t enough scientific evidence to confirm that eating beets has the same effect as drinking beet juice.

If someone wants to explore dietary changes to manage their blood pressure, it’s best to consult a doctor before making adjustments.

Protein powder lead consumer reports: Some protein powders and shakes have been found to contain unsafe amounts of lead, according to a recent Consumer Reports investigation. The report, released Tuesday, analyzed 23 protein products, including dairy, beef, and plant-based supplements and revealed that over two-thirds contained more lead per serving than what experts consider safe, which is around 0.5 micrograms a day.

With growing concern over heavy metal contamination in protein powders, it’s worth exploring healthier, safer alternatives to meet your protein needs.

Protein Powders, Shakes Contain High Levels of Lead and Other Metals, Consumer Reports Finds

“Protein powders and shakes have become incredibly popular among people looking to add more protein to their diet,” said Brian Ronholm, director of food policy at Consumer Reports, in a news release. “Our tests found that toxic heavy metal contamination in protein supplements is widespread and has worsened since we first examined these products 15 years ago.”

According to the findings, plant-based protein powders had the highest levels of lead, averaging about nine times more than dairy-based options like whey and twice as much as beef-based products.

Among the products tested, Naked Nutrition’s Vegan Mass Gainer and Huel’s Black Edition were identified as containing the highest levels of lead and were listed under “products to avoid.” The full list of tested brands is available in the report.

Protein Powder Lead Consumer Reports: Alternatives To Protein Powder And Health Supplements

Andrew Mock, MD, MPH, a preventive and lifestyle medicine specialist at Loma Linda University Health and also California’s Strongest Man says the flood of protein products in the fitness market can often lead people to spend large sums on items that may not be beneficial, necessary, or even safe.

“For a non-active adult, about 0.8 grams of protein per kilogram of body weight is enough to prevent deficiency,” Mock explains. “For those who exercise regularly, the target should be 1.2 to 1.6 grams per kilogram daily. Higher amounts can be safe, but most people don’t actually need that much.”

Although protein shakes are convenient, nearly half of Americans (46%) drink them regularly Mock notes that they are not essential.

“You can easily meet your protein needs with regular food,” he says. “Protein powders and ready-to-drink shakes are helpful for busy days, but they shouldn’t be treated as dietary must-haves.”

Whole food protein sources include:

• Eggs
• Fish such as salmon, tuna, and cod
• Greek yogurt
• Cottage cheese
• Milk
• Beans like black, kidney, and lentils
• Chickpeas
• Tofu
• Quinoa
• Chia seeds
• Flaxseeds
• Nut butters such as peanut, almond, or cashew

When time allows, homemade protein shakes made with natural ingredients are another safe and nutritious choice.

What Safe Supplements Should You Take?

While supplement companies are required to register with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the agency doesn’t routinely test their products. This lack of regular oversight raises safety issues, including contamination.

“It’s surprisingly common for even well-known supplement brands to contain harmful ingredients,” Mock warns. “These can include heavy metals, anabolic steroids, or other banned substances. One study even found that one in eight supplements contained illicit materials.”

Contamination has been detected across various products, from protein powders and multivitamins to herbal capsules with some not even containing what their labels promise.

To reduce these risks, Mock advises checking packaging for third-party testing certifications, which confirm that a product meets strict safety standards.

“Look for labels such as the National Science Foundation (NSF) mark, or certifications like Informed for Sport and Certified for Sport,” he says. “Another key label is current Good Manufacturing Practice (cGMP), which means the supplement is produced under proper safety and hygiene conditions monitored by the FDA.”

These certifications offer a level of reassurance that a supplement has been independently tested and verified. By checking for them, consumers can make smarter and safer choices when buying protein powders or other health products.

Consumer Reports Protein Powder: The Consumer Reports Protein Powder Investigation, titled 'Protein Powders and Shakes Contain High Levels of Lead', revealed, as the name suggests that some of the most popular and widely known protein powder were found with leads and other metal contents. The report was published on Tuesday, which analyzed 23 protein powder and shakes. The range included dairy, beef and plant-based protein supplements. The analysis found that more than two-thirds of the products contained more lead in a single serving than what experts consider to be safe, around 0.5 micrograms per day.

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Brian Ronholm, director of food policy at Consumer Reports in a news release said, "Protein powders and shakes have become immensely popular and are part of a daily routine for many people who are focused on consuming more protein in their diet. Protein powders and shakes have become immensely popular and are part of a daily routine for many people who are focused on consuming more protein in their diet."

Lead Levels, Which Protein Powder Has The Most?

On average, the lead levels in plant-based products were the highest. The report revealed that it was nine times the amount found in dairy-based proteins, like whey. When compared to beef-based products, the plant-based powders had twice as much lead in it.

The Consumer Reports also published a list of products to avoid, among them, at the top were two plant-based protein powders by the brand Naked Nutrition Vegan Mass Gainer and Huel Black Edition. The former one contained 1,572% more lead than the level approved, while the latter one contained 1,288% over the approved level. The Consumer Report suggested that these powders should not be consumed at all, while for other products, it did provide the servings per week limit.

The categories are:

• Products to Avoid
• Recommend Limiting to Once a Week
• Okay to Eat Occasionally
• Better Choices for Daily Consumption

The Consumer Reports provided that Muscle Tech Mass Gainer showed no lead in its product, thus no limit was placed on it.

Consumer Reports Protein Powder: How Was The Test Conducted?

The Consumer Reports in its report writes that they purchased multiple samples of each product, including two to four distinct lots, over a three-month period beginning last November. These products were brought anonymously from online retailers and food stores. The samples from multiple lot were tested for levels of protein, arsenic, cadmium, lead, and other elements. However the report notes: "the results are based on an average of these samples, which were collected over a specific period of time, they may not mirror current contaminant levels in every product. Even so, the findings highlight why consumers should carefully consider the role of protein powders and shakes in their diet."

How Did The Protein Powder Companies Respond?

7 of the 23 companies did not respond for comments, but those who responded said that lead is a naturally occurring element that is difficult to avoid, especially in plant-based products. Eight companies, namely: Equip Foods, Garden of Life, KOS, Momentous, Muscle Meds, Muscle Tech, Orgain, and Vega, said they test both their ingredients and finished products for heavy metals.