As summers progress in the UK, people are planning out vacations, and a restful summer evening as the long days give plenty of room to do things you wish to even after you finish your work. However, these plans can very well come to an end if you do not take the correct precautions.

The NHS has sent out an important alert because cases of norovirus, also known as the "winter vomiting bug," are higher than usual. Although norovirus, seasonally, is a bigger issue in winter, the rising number of cases prompted the NHS to warn people. In a social media post on platform X, they explained that this highly contagious illness is causing widespread concern, and the NHS is urging people to be aware of its symptoms. They've noted that while norovirus can spread all year round, current numbers are particularly elevated.

Norovirus: Symptoms and Self-Care

Norovirus typically causes diarrhea and vomiting. While these symptoms are very uncomfortable, they usually get better within a couple of days. The NHS advises that for most people, treating themselves at home is the best approach, emphasizing the importance of drinking plenty of fluids to avoid dehydration. Common symptoms of norovirus include:

• Sudden nausea (feeling sick)
• Vomiting
• Diarrhea
• Sometimes a fever, headaches, stomach cramps, and aching limbs

Recent Case Numbers

Recent data from the UK shows a significant increase in reported norovirus cases. Between May 26 and June 29 this year, there were over 16,600 cases, which is much higher than the average for the same period over the past five years.

However, the UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) has also reported that norovirus cases are now starting to decline and are returning to expected levels after a seasonal peak. Even with this decline, the number of reports in recent weeks was still higher than the five-year average for that same time frame, mainly due to a high number of cases reported earlier in the period.

How Norovirus Spreads

Due to the contagious nature of the virus, one must remember to take correct precautions not to spread them. Even a small, seemingly insignificant move could cause you to become a carrier.

• Don't wash your hands properly after using the toilet.
• Are in close contact with someone who has the virus.
• Touch surfaces or objects that have the virus and then touch your mouth.
• Eat food prepared by someone with norovirus.
• Consume contaminated water or food.

Preventing the Spread

To help stop norovirus from spreading, the NHS recommends some important steps. Always wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water after using the toilet, changing diapers, or before preparing or eating food. It's also important to remember that alcohol-based hand gels don't kill norovirus, so soap and water are essential.

If your clothes or bedding get soiled with vomit or feces, wash them at 60°C (140°F) and separately from other laundry. One must remember to regularly clean shared surfaces like toilet seats, flush handles, taps, and bathroom door handles. You must also try to avoid contact with others as much as possible if you feel unwell.

When to Stay Home and When to Seek Help

If you or your child start showing symptoms of norovirus, it's really important to stay home. Do not go to school, nursery, or work until you haven't thrown up or had diarrhea for two full days (48 hours). This helps prevent the virus from spreading further. Similarly, avoid visiting people in hospitals or care homes during this time. If you or your child have diarrhea that lasts for more than seven days, or if vomiting continues for more than two days, seek medical help.

Dr Sermed Mezher, a UK-based General Practitioner, best known for his educational medical content on social media shared a video on his Instagram of a seizure that could leave you dancing.

"Wakeful seizures like that are more common than you think," he says. "But how are they different to the dancing plague?"

He explains that dancing plague happened around 1518, when a woman named Frau Toffer started dancing uncontrollable on the streets and then eventually hundreds also joined her. They danced for days, and some of them actually died of exhaustion. There are multiple theories to it, including ergot poisoning. However, he says, "We need to remember that this population was riddled with starvation and diseases. They had seen multiple outbreaks of the black plague, so the most likely diagnoses is stress-induced mass hysteria or a type of stress-induced psychosis."

However, he notes that the video he is referring to is different. "What this person in the first video was experiencing were temporary abnormal movements while conscious, that might be classed as a non-epileptic seizure."

What Is A Non-Epileptic Seizure?

It is also known as functional seizures, which are episodes that look and feel like seizures caused by epilepsy However, they are not caused by abnormal electrical activity in your brain, but are a physical reaction of your nervous system to:

• Physical triggers like injury or pain
• Stressors in your environment
• Past traumatic event

While the dramatic dancing may seem like you are "faking" it, but the seizures are real and the person who is experiencing do not have any voluntary control over these episodes.

What A Non-Epileptic Seizure May Look Like?

The common symptoms of non epileptic seizure are:

• Loss of consciousness
• Seizures over 10 minutes long
• Retained awareness
• Out of phase limb movements
• Pelvic thrusting
• Changing patterns of movement
• Rapid side to side head movements
• Eyes closed unresponsiveness

This can also affect your emotional state, including your anxiety, depression and even your panic attacks.

What Might Cause Non Epileptic Seizure?

These are caused by a mix of stress that affects your body, mind, and relationships. This is known as the biopsychosocial model.

Other things that may contribute include:

• Difficulty understanding and expressing emotions
• Trouble processing information from your senses to turn it into movement
• Unhelpful response to stressors

Furthermore there could be underlying mental health conditions that could trigger these seizures. The conditions include:

• Mood disorder
• Personality disorder
• Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
• Anxiety disorders with panic attacks
• Depressive disorder
• Dissociative disorder
• Somatic symptom disorder
• Substance use disorder

People who undergo these seizures may be more at risk of experiencing physical, sexual or emotional abuse or neglect, especially in their early years. They may have lived through a difficult or traumatic event, and may have or develop a chronic condition like chronic pain or fibromyalgia.

A video that is making rounds on social media, shared by stand-up comedian Hasan Minhaj is a conversation between him and behavioral change expert Mel Robbins. The two dove deep into something that many families may also deal with but do not ever say : hoarding.

What started as a funny story about Minhaj's mother holding onto old VHS tapes turned into an emotional discussion about memory, loss, and the human need for control.

Minhaj said that his mom still has "VHS cassette tapes stacked up in the guest room", including the 1996 movie Dunston Checks In, which he loved as a child. "We don't even have a VHS player. My children won't watch VHS, I loved that movie in 1996, but I am 39 now, we gotta move on."

However, he shares that when he tried to throw it away, it led to what he described as "nuclear war". Robbins immediately pointed out why: "She has transferred her own emotional attachment to physical objects. It is not a cassette tape, it represents something else."

Robbins explained that hoarding often is not about the objects themselves, but the about being emotionally stuck on it. She noted that "there's a very close connection between depression, OCD, and hoarding. You're dealing with a mental issue that manifests in things." This is why clutter becomes a coping mechanism, this is a way to stay in control, when other areas of life feel uncertain.

When Minhaj mentioned that his mom keeps even outdated software like Windows XP CDs, she said that the reason she is holding on to all these is because he does not call her enough. "If you do not call enough, the things remind her of you... it might remind her of a time when you lived at home, when you were younger. If she holds on to it, she stays in control."

Robbins also told Minhaj, that the habit of his mother hoarding "is not driving her crazy", but it is driving him "crazy".

Why Someone May Hoard

As per the NHS UK, the reason why someone begins hoarding could be a symptom for another condition. It could be well associated with severe depression, psychotic disorders, such as schizophrenia, or obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD).

As per a 2015 study published in the Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, hoarding behaviors occur in a variety of neuropsychiatric disorders, including OCD, schizophrenia and dementia. The act of hoarding is defined as a pattern of persistent difficulties with discarding personal possessions, even those with no clear value. In Minhaj's mother case, it is the VHS cassettes, and software CDs.

Who Is At Risk?

As per Harvard Health, it affects approximately 2 to 6% of the adult population, across genders. However, hoarding is more common in an individual who live alone. Hoarding also occurs three times as often in older adults as in the general population.

What Can Be Done?

Cognitive behavioral therapy or CBT is an option that can be considered. It focuses on addressing cognitive distortions related to fear of discarding and urges to acquire, while the behavioral component focuses on sorting through and discarding materials in a systematic and structured way.

Where fat accumulates in the body can be far more important than simply shedding pounds when it comes to lowering diabetes risk, a new study published in Nature suggests. For people with prediabetes, which is when blood sugar is higher than normal but not yet at diabetes levels, targeting belly fat specifically may have a greater impact than losing weight overall through lifestyle changes.

Halting prediabetes is critical, as nearly 70 percent of individuals in this category eventually develop diabetes. Reversing prediabetes also protects against complications like heart disease, kidney problems, and nerve damage.

What About Study Findings?

In the study, two groups of participants had similar overall fat levels but differed in how fat was stored. Those who lost more belly fat, or visceral fat, over a year were able to reverse prediabetes, while those who didn’t reduce abdominal fat did not reach healthy blood sugar levels.

Researchers from the University Hospital Tübingen in Germany found that focused lifestyle changes could bring prediabetic individuals into remission even without major weight loss. This remission was associated with a roughly 70 percent reduction in the risk of developing Type 2 diabetes over the following decade.

Among 1,105 participants with prediabetes, the study examined 234 individuals who did not lose overall weight. Of these, 51 achieved prediabetes remission after a year of targeted lifestyle interventions, while the remaining 183 did not reach healthy glucose levels.

Does This Study Hold Lessons for Indians?

“Weight loss remains the primary goal for people who are obese. However, reversing prediabetes can also happen without major weight loss, especially when lifestyle interventions focus on improving diet quality, increasing physical activity, and building muscle while reducing fat,” says Dr. Anoop Misra, chairman at Fortis C-Doc Hospital for Diabetes and Allied Sciences.

He adds that for Indians, reducing both subcutaneous abdominal fat and visceral fat is key for better metabolism. These changes, paired with increased muscle mass and improved functional capacity, enhance insulin sensitivity and help maintain long-term blood sugar control.

Why Abdominal Obesity Is a Priority

Belly fat, or visceral fat, releases inflammatory substances that interfere with insulin, the hormone that moves sugar from the blood into cells. To compensate, the body produces more insulin, which can overwhelm the pancreas and raise blood sugar. Excess sugar is often stored as fat around the abdomen, which is why even individuals of normal weight with a protruding stomach are at higher risk of diabetes.

What Lifestyle Interventions Help Reduce Belly Fat?

“Diet composition matters most lower carbs, higher protein, and healthy fats, all within a controlled calorie range, can help reverse prediabetes even without significant weight loss,” says Dr. Misra. Good carbohydrate sources include whole grains, fruits, legumes, and non-starchy vegetables, while healthy fats come from nuts, seeds, olive oil, and fatty fish.

Physical activity also plays a crucial role. Combining resistance training, such as weightlifting at least twice a week, with aerobic exercises like walking, running, or swimming, is effective at reducing visceral fat. Adequate sleep around seven hours per night is also essential to keep blood sugar levels under control.