The Health and Me had previously reported on how many people faced problems with their pancreas post taking weight loss drugs and diabetes injections. These medicines are mostly Wegovy, Ozempic and other variants of GLP-1 medicines, or the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists. This has led to an investigation by the authorities.

Not just this, but there are also reports of deaths that have been linked with GLP-1 medicines. Data from the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) revealed that ever since these drugs were approved, there have been hundreds of cases of acute and chronic pancreatitis.

The data revealed that 10 people have died and among them, 5 were linked to active ingredients of these popular weight loss jabs.

What Did The Data Reveal?

• A total of 181 cases of acute and chronic pancreatitis have been reported in connection with tirzepatide, the active ingredient in Mounjaro, including five fatalities.
• Liraglutide was associated with 116 such cases, one of which was fatal.
• Semaglutide—the active ingredient in Ozempic and Wegovy—was linked to 113 cases, with one death reported.
• Exenatide was associated with 101 cases, including three deaths.
• Dulaglutide and lixisenatide were linked to 52 and 11 cases respectively, with no reported fatalities for either drug.

Based on the data, the Yellow Card Biobank project, which is launched by MHRA and Genomics England will investigate these instances and check whether these drugs could influence people's genetic make-up.

When we asked Dr Amrit Kaur Kaler, Consultant, Molecular Pathology at Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital, Mumbai about it, she said the "definitive answer to it is no". The doctor explained, "GLP-1 drugs are designed to mimic the body’s own incretin hormone. Once injected, they bind to GLP-1 receptors located on pancreatic β-cells and in regions of the brain that regulate appetite. This action leads to an enhanced insulin secretion, helping the body respond appropriately to rising blood glucose levels." It also leads to appetite suppression, by activating neurocircuits that signal fullness. Furthermore, it delays gastric emptying, which prolongs satiety after meals.

In a nutshell, explained the doctor, the medicines "target receptors, not genes."

Though Dr Kaler also notes, "Although GLP-1 agonists themselves do not rewrite genes, any significant change in metabolism—such as substantial weight loss or improved insulin sensitivity—can lead to epigenetic modifications. These are biochemical tweaks, like adding or removing methyl groups on DNA or changing histone configurations, that influence gene activity without altering the underlying sequence." However, it is also important to note that the drugs do not introduce new mutations or make the pancreas produce abnormal DNA. "Individuals with inherited variants in genes like PRSS1, SPINK1, or CFTR already carry a higher baseline risk for pancreatitis," she explains.

The MHRA is encouraging individuals taking GLP-1 medicines who have been hospitalised with acute pancreatitis to report their experience through the Yellow Card scheme.

Following a report submission, the MHRA will reach out to patients to ask if they are willing to take part in a related study.

Participants will be asked to share further information and provide a saliva sample to help determine whether genetic factors may contribute to the risk of developing acute pancreatitis from specific medications.

What Are GLP-1 Medicines?

GLP-1 agonists, used to lower blood sugar in type 2 diabetes and support weight loss, are currently under increased scrutiny, according to Wales Online.

With an estimated 1.5 million people in the UK using weight loss injections, health authorities recognise their role in tackling obesity but warn against viewing them as a universal solution, citing potential side effects.

Commonly reported reactions include nausea, constipation, and diarrhoea. Recent safety alerts have also highlighted concerns about Mounjaro possibly reducing the effectiveness of oral contraceptives.

Dr. Alison Cave, Chief Safety Officer at the MHRA, stated: “Evidence shows that nearly a third of medicine-related side effects could be avoided through genetic testing. Adverse drug reactions are estimated to cost the NHS over £2.2 billion annually in hospital admissions alone.”

She added that data gathered from the Yellow Card Biobank will help identify patients at increased risk of side effects, enabling more personalised and safer prescribing based on individual genetic profiles.

What Happens To Your Body When GLP-1 Medicines Are Administered?

To understand what our body goes through, we spoke to experts in endocrinology and gastroenterology. Here's what they said.

Dr Pranav Ghody, Consultant Endocrinologist & Diabetologist, Wockhardt Hospitals at Mumbai Central explains that weight loss medications, particularly injectable GLP-1 receptor agonists like semaglutide, have become popular due to their effectiveness. "However, when misused taken without medical supervision, used in high doses, or by people with underlying health issues they can lead to serious side effects. Some complications, like pancreatitis or severe gastrointestinal symptoms, may be life-threatening if not promptly addressed."

Why does it impact the pancreas? Dr Ghody explains that these medicines slow digestion and help control hunger, however, in some individuals, especially those predisposed or with a history of pancreatic issues, they can irritate the pancreas and trigger inflammation, leading to a condition called acute pancreatitis.

He also notes that in rare cases, acute pancreatitis can become severe. "It could lead to serious complications like organ failure of infections. If not diagnosed and managed early, it can be fatal. That said, such outcomes are uncommon and typically occur when early warning signs are ignored or the drug is misused."

Dr Saswata Chatterjee, Gastroentrologist at CMRI Hospital explained, "Cases of pancreatitis is more commonly seen in patient people who take terezaberatide. What occurs is there is a pancreatic duct through which the normal pancreatic secretions flow out of the pancreas and into the small intestine. This medicine has been shown to cause hyperplasia of cells around the pancreatic duct and therefore ductal occlusion occurs which leads to pancreatitis in some situations."

Dr Kashish Gupta, Consultant Endocrinology at PSRI Hospital, Delhi, points out that deaths reported in association with these drugs are usually related to severe complications like pancreatitis, dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, or cardiac issues in patients who were either not properly monitored or had other underlying health risks. "Sometimes, patients also self-medicate or receive these injections without adequate clinical oversight, which adds to the risk."

He further adds, "People should be made aware of early warning signs of pancreatitis such as sudden, severe abdominal pain that radiates to the back, persistent nausea, vomiting, and fever. If such symptoms occur, the medication must be stopped immediately and emergency medical care sought."

So, How Can One Ensure Safe Use Of Weight Loss Drugs?

"Always take these drugs under the guidance of a qualified endocrinologist or physician. A thorough evaluation including your medical history, current health status, and regular monitoring is crucial. Never self-medicate or take someone else’s prescription. Also, report any symptoms like persistent stomach pain, nausea, or vomiting immediately to your doctor," points out Dr Ghody.

Seconding to this. Dr Sachin Chittawar, Endocrinologist notes that drugs should be prescribed by an endocrinologist.

Denying all the claims of bad health, including the recent claims of doctors questioning President Donald Trump's cognitive health, he once again, at 79, has been pronounced in "excellent health".

You May Want To Know: Why Is This Doctor Asking President Trump To Take Alzheimer's Test?

This was a medical evaluation done at Walter Reed National Military Medical Center. White House released a statement by Friday night, confirming the report. His personal physician Dr Sean Barbabella, described the visit as part of the "scheduled follow-up evaluation" and said the president remains "fit for duty".

Barbabella, a US Navy captain, reported that Trump continues to demonstrate strong cardiovascular, pulmonary, neurological and physical performance. The report also emphasized that Trump maintains a "demanding daily schedule without restriction". Not only that, the report has gone so far to declare Trump's cardiac age as 14 years younger than his actual age after an electrocardiogram.

Trump, who sides with the anti-vaxxer RFK Jr., the health secretary, has also received a flu shot, and updated COVID-19 booster during the visit.

Why Did Trump Need Another Checkup So Soon?

Friday's assessment was his second visit to Walter Reed in six months, which has raised questions among medical experts and political observers. Why is it unusual? Typically, US presidents undergo one annual physical, unless an urgent medical issue arises.

Check Out Trump's Last Medical Report: Is Donald Trump ‘Fully Fit’ To Serve As President Of United States?

Jonathan Reiner, who is a cardiologist and once treated the former Vice President Dick Cheney, said, "Are they following up on the swelling that was noted in his legs earlier this year, or are there new concerns?"

However, the latest report mentioned no such swelling or Trump's previously disclosed diagnosis of chronic venous insufficiency - a mild but chronic condition that causes swelling in the legs and is common in older adults.

Read: US President Trump Is Diagnosed With A Chronic Vein Condition, Venous Insufficiency, Confirms White House

White House officials said the visit was routine and aligned with Trump’s “ongoing health maintenance plan.”

Questions Around The Test Results

As per Barbabella, Trump's evaluation including advanced imaging, laboratory testing, and preventive health screening, which was conducted by a team of specialists. the results were "in exceptional conditions". However, many medical experts question on the inclusion of his "cardiac age" and are asking for the results if advanced coronary imaging were conducted.

On the revelation of his cardiac age, former White House physician Jeffrey Kuhlman, who served under Presidents Clinton, Bush, and Obama, said it’s unusual for such data to be highlighted without additional context. “For a 79-year-old, best practice would be to include advanced coronary imaging to evaluate plaque buildup,” Kuhlman said. “The White House said he underwent imaging but didn’t release the results.”

Public Scrutiny Over Trump's Health

Trump is the oldest person ever elected as the US President and so he has long faced public scrutiny over his health. In July, the White house confirmed his chronic venous insufficiency diagnosis after noticing swelling on his leg and a recurring hand bruise, yet there was no mention of it in his health report. Some experts have articulated that this was the result from daily aspirin use and frequent handshaking.

In April, Trump underwent a comprehensive three-page physical, where Barbabella described him as "fully fit" to execute presidential duties, noting his “active lifestyle” and “frequent victories in golf tournaments” as indicators of his fitness. That exam also revealed he had lost 20 pounds since 2020 and scored a perfect 30 out of 30 on a cognitive assessment designed to screen for dementia.

“I don’t know what to tell you other than I got every answer right,” Trump quipped afterward.

Are People Really Surprised by These Reports?

Trump has time and again maintained a tradition of secrecy around his health.

In 2015, he famously dictated a letter claiming he would be “the healthiest individual ever elected to the presidency.” He also concealed his COVID-19 diagnosis in 2020 for several days, reportedly developing a more serious case than initially disclosed.

It is very easy for people to miss signs of declining health. However, many times, despite witnessing the symptoms, people choose to ignore it and hope that it goes away. But one must understand, even for illnesses like a simple fever, one needs some type of treatment, even if it is simply rest. Ignoring your health will only lead to worse problems in the future.

One such aspect of health that people often ignore is their leg health. In a recently posted video, Dr. Rema Malik, a Board-Certified Vascular Surgeon in Houston, explained that people often ignore their leg health, the title of the video being, “You Are Your Worst Enemy When It Comes To Your Leg Health.”

The surgeon highlights a pattern of self-sabotage where people frequently ignore or downplay signals from their legs, which can indicate serious circulation problems.

3 Key Symptoms of Declining Leg Health

According to the surgeon, people become their own worst enemy by creating "normal" excuses for symptoms that are actually abnormal. This dismissal stems from the fear of facing a potential circulation issue. The surgeon points out common examples of how people brush off serious signs:

Calf Cramps: Dismissing a recurring, nagging calf cramp as merely a "charley horse."

Swelling: Attributing swollen ankles at night to simply being "on your feet a lot today."

Varicose Veins: Choosing to hide new, painful varicose veins instead of finding out the underlying cause.

The surgeon stresses that while it feels easier to ignore the "whisper from the legs," the moment a person stops making excuses, they become their own best advocate for a future of easy mobility and freedom.

Why Is Leg Health Important?

According to a 2016 study published in the Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging, the strength and quickness of leg muscles (leg power) are connected to common long-term health problems in older adults, specifically osteoarthritis (joint pain), diabetes, and cardiovascular disease (heart problems).

The main goal was to see what current research says about how these diseases affect leg power, especially since research suggests that older people with these conditions can improve their leg power through exercise.

The team ended up analyzing 16 studies in total: 5 on osteoarthritis, 5 on diabetes, and 6 on heart disease.

Most studies suggested the same thing: older adults with these chronic diseases generally have lower leg power compared to those who don't have the diseases.

The existing research generally shows that osteoarthritis, diabetes, and heart disease are connected to weaker leg power in older adults.

However, scientists can't make strong conclusions yet because the studies reviewed were too different and didn't use the same ways to measure leg power.

Why You Shouldn’t Dismiss Leg Symptoms Especially After 40?

This pattern of ignoring leg symptoms is risky at any age, but the stakes are significantly raised for individuals over the age of 40.

After 40, the risk of developing progressive vein disease and Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) increases exponentially. These conditions involve serious circulation problems that worsen over time if left untreated.

The surgeon encourages individuals to shine a light on any leg symptom they have been ignoring.

Although we may not realize, many times the food we eat has hidden additives. Things that make the food taste good as well as addictive. In a recent video, a cardiologist is trying to warn people, asking them to check the labels behind their packaged food.

Dmitry Yaranov, a cardiologist based in Memphis, Tennessee, is trying to warn people that cardiovascular disease (CVD) isn't just caused by bad cholesterol. In a video posted on Instagram, he explained that there's a very common ingredient that's hidden everywhere—in sodas, snacks, sauces, and even foods that claim to be "healthy." This ingredient is a huge danger to your heart and is the main reason why people get diabetes. That dangerous ingredient is sugar.

How Sugar Slowly Increases Your Risk Of CVD?

Dr. Yaranov points to solid research that proves there is a strong link between eating sugar every day and having a much higher chance of getting heart disease.

Daily Servings

The risk goes up just by eating one serving of something sugary (like a soda or a candy bar) each day. That single serving is linked to an 18% higher risk of heart disease. If you have two or more servings a day, the risk jumps to 21% higher. This is a big deal, and the risk was found even in people who regularly exercise.

Processed Foods Link

A study from 2025 showed that eating a lot of sugar, especially the sugar found in ultra-processed foods (packaged snacks, ready meals, etc.), raises your risk for heart disease by 17%, increases the risk of blocked heart arteries by 23%, and raises the risk of stroke by 9%.

Global Impact

The problem is massive worldwide. High sugar eating is responsible for over 1 million new heart disease cases and 2.2 million new cases of Type 2 diabetes in just one year.

Mortality (Risk of Death)

The doctor also mentions a study that found people who got 25% or more of their total daily calories from sugar had more than double the risk of dying from heart disease compared to people who kept their sugar intake low (under 10% of total calories).

How Does Sugar Harm Your Body?

The cardiologist explains that sugar does more than just add unneeded calories; it actually attacks the healthy systems in your body that look after your heart and how your body uses energy.

• It causes inflammation (swelling and irritation) throughout the body.
• It causes your blood pressure to go up.
• It makes your cholesterol levels worse.

It messes up your blood sugar control, making it hard for your body to manage energy. This is a "double hit" because it harms both your heart and your pancreas (the organ that makes insulin).

How Much Sugar Can You Eat?

To help protect your health, the cardiologist advises everyone to follow the simple rules for sugar set by the American Heart Association (AHA):

Women: Should eat no more than 6 teaspoons of added sugar per day, about 100 calories worth.

Men: Should eat no more than 9 teaspoons of added sugar per day, about 150 calories worth.

The big issue is that most people eat two or three times these recommended limits without even knowing it because sugar is hidden in so many foods. The doctor strongly urges everyone to start checking food labels carefully and actively working to limit their sugar intake to keep their heart strong and their blood sugar stable.