When Roshan George and Julie Kang were told during IVF testing that they both carried a rare gene linked to early-onset hearing loss in infants, they didn’t hesitate to dig deeper. Like many in San Francisco’s tech scene, they turned to data. It was not just any data, but a full genomic analysis of their embryos from a start-up called Orchid.

It cost them $30,000 to screen 12 embryos. Six were viable. They sorted through risk scores for everything from bipolar disorder to type 2 diabetes, eventually selecting the embryo with the best odds. Their daughter, Astra, was born this March. She was healthy and was born with perfect hearing.

What this couple did might sound like a glimpse into the distant future. But in Silicon Valley and beyond, it’s already happening.

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Silicon Valley’s Fertility Revolution

Orchid, a fertility start-up based in San Francisco, reports the Washington Post, is spearheading a radical new chapter in human reproduction. Founded by Noor Siddiqui, the company offers whole-genome sequencing of embryos created through IVF, allowing parents to screen for over 1,200 single-gene disorders, and to assess the embryo’s genetic risk for more complex diseases like cancer, schizophrenia, and Alzheimer’s.

In Siddiqui’s words, the goal is to help build “a generation that gets to be genetically blessed and avoid disease.”

At $2,500 per embryo, in addition to the roughly $20,000 average cost of one IVF cycle, the service is far from accessible to everyone. But in data-driven tech hubs like San Francisco and Austin, it’s catching on fast.

Sex Is For Fun. Embryo Screening Is For Babies

“Sex is for Fun. Embryo Screening is for Babies.”

That’s how Siddiqui sums up the shifting mindset. She imagines a future where sex is decoupled from reproduction, and where couples routinely pick their children using spreadsheets and algorithms. Sounds too robotic? But it really isn't even a distant future, it is slowly becoming reality.

At a private dinner party in Austin last spring, Siddiqui pitched her vision to a group of women sipping mocktails and wearing pastel baseball caps with one word: BABIES.

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One of the attendees, reports the Washington Post, Shivon Zilis, who is a tech executive and mother to several of Elon Musk’s children, is reportedly an Orchid client. Sources say at least one of her children with Musk is an Orchid baby.

Siddiqui, now 30, plans to have four children herself using embryos screened by her own company.

The Promise of Prediction

So how does it work? Orchid uses five cells from an early-stage embryo to sequence the full human genome, a feat many geneticists previously believed impossible. It then uses machine-learning models to produce polygenic risk scores, predicting an embryo’s likelihood of developing certain diseases.

Backed by high-profile investors like Coinbase CEO Brian Armstrong and Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin, Orchid is now in over 100 IVF clinics in the U.S.

The tech is built for a specific demographic: affluent, tech-savvy, data-worshipping individuals willing to invest in what one investor called a “genetic trust fund” for their future kids.

A Trust Fund of Traits Or Modern Eugenics?

The term eugenics makes many recoil. Siddiqui distances herself and her company from the idea, and insists the goal is about health, not perfection. But critics are wary.

When you screen for risk factors like schizophrenia, are you also unintentionally screening out traits tied to creativity? Could polygenic scores become a gateway to selecting for intelligence, height, or athleticism? And is this a privilege only the rich can afford?

Some scientists argue and the Washington Post reports, that these tools give an illusion of control. “It’s easy to moralize from an ivory tower when your child isn’t the one who might be born with a fatal disease,” said Orchid spokeswoman Tara Harandi-Zadeh.

Still, others worry about the science itself.

The Fault in the Genes?

One of Orchid’s biggest scientific claims is that it can sequence an entire genome from just five embryonic cells. This is hotly contested. Svetlana Yatsenko, a clinical genetics expert at Stanford, called it “basically Russian roulette,” citing errors introduced in the DNA amplification process.

Others are skeptical of the reliability of polygenic risk scoring, especially for traits like intelligence where predictive accuracy is extremely low, just a few IQ points at best. These risk scores also struggle with accuracy in non-European populations because the databases they draw from are largely Eurocentric.

Siddiqui acknowledges the challenge. Her husband is Middle Eastern, and she herself is South Asian. She says Orchid adjusts for population bias and, in some cases, doesn't offer scores at all.

No Rules, All Risks?

What’s striking is the lack of regulation. In the U.S., there are no real restrictions on what kinds of predictions companies like Orchid can sell. Their algorithms are proprietary and not vetted externally.

Despite the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics advising against embryo screening for polygenic risks and calling the benefits “unproven”, companies are surging ahead. A newer Thiel-funded start-up, Nucleus, claims it can screen embryos for more than 900 traits and conditions.

As Peter Kraft, a Harvard expert on polygenic scores, put it: “The science doesn’t add up.”

Still, Parents Want Information

Despite the skepticism, demand is rising, notes the Washington Post. Many parents, especially those facing infertility or rare genetic conditions, are desperate for clarity. The George-Kang family didn’t expect certainty. They just wanted more information, more peace of mind.

“I think everyone who wants to have a baby should be able to have one,” Siddiqui told The Washington Post. “And they should be able to have a healthy baby.”

Critics might call it premature, or even dystopian. But to Siddiqui, it’s personal. Her mother lost her sight to a rare genetic disease. To her, it’s not just about tech, it’s about giving families a fighting chance.

The Future of Fertility

Whether Orchid’s vision becomes mainstream or remains an elite niche remains to be seen. But the door has opened to a future where reproduction is shaped not by nature, but by code, choice, and capital.

The baby of tomorrow may not be conceived in passion, but in planning and through lab reports, data sets, and algorithmic scores.

And in Silicon Valley, that future is already being born.

Seeing your child suddenly screaming at night, with wide eyes and thrashing limbs, can be deeply unsettling. However, remaining calm and focusing on safety is crucial for parents during the sleep terror episodes, said health experts.

Sleep terrors, also known as night terrors, are episodes of sudden fear, screaming, or intense distress that occur during sleep.

The condition is more common in children, especially between the ages of 3 and 8 years, as their sleep patterns are still maturing.

Unlike nightmares, which usually happen during dreaming (REM sleep) and are often remembered, sleep terrors occur during deep non-REM sleep.

Dr Preeti Singh, Senior Consultant, Clinical Psychology, Max Super Speciality Hospital, Dwarka told HealthandMe, that while it may be frightening to witness, especially for parents, sleep terrors themselves are usually not harmful.

Although most kids outgrow this naturally, if the episodes are violent or very frequent, consult a specialist, added Dr Sudhir Kumar, a neurologist at Apollo Hospitals, Hyderabad.

What Are Sleep Terrors

During sleep terror, the child may sit up abruptly, shout, appear frightened, sweat, breathe rapidly, and be difficult to console. In most cases, they do not recall the episode the next morning.

Sleep terrors typically occur in the first third of the night, during deep sleep (slow-wave sleep). They are considered a type of parasomnia, meaning an unusual behavior during sleep.

Dr Kumar, in a post on social media platform X, explained that unlike a bad dream, a sleep terror happens in deep sleep (Stage N3).

It is characterized by abrupt sitting up/screaming, with physical signs that include a fast heart rate, sweating, and dilated pupils.

"It is 11 PM. Your child suddenly sits up, screams at the top of their lungs, and looks terrified. They are not responding to you, and they seem to be looking right through you. This is likely a sleep terror (night terror), a common NREM sleep parasomnia in children aged 3-12,” said Dr Kumar, popularly known as the Hyderabad doctor, on X.

The expert noted that the children are unlikely to recognize the parents and be "consoled" during the episodes.

What Factors Trigger Sleep Terrors

• Sleep deprivation or irregular sleep schedules
• Fever or illness
• Emotional stress or anxiety
• Major life changes or trauma
• Family history of parasomnias
• Certain medications

For children, sleep terrors are often developmental and tend to reduce as the nervous system matures, Dr Singh told HealthanMe.

How Can Parents Respond?

Parents often feel alarmed during a sleep terror episode, but the key is to remain calm, the experts said. They said during an episode:

• Do not try to fully wake the child, as this may increase confusion and agitation.
• Gently ensure the child is safe and cannot injure themselves.
• Speak softly and reassuringly, even if they do not respond.
• Wait for the episode to pass, which usually happens within a few minutes.

Other preventive measures include:

• Maintaining a consistent bedtime routine
• Ensuring the child gets adequate sleep
• Reducing screen time before bed
• Managing stress during the day
• Creating a calm and secure sleep environment

How To Manage

Most children do not require medical treatment, as sleep terrors usually resolve on their own with age. Treatment is considered when episodes are frequent, severe, cause injury, or significantly disrupt family life.

However, addressing sleep deprivation, treating any underlying medical conditions (e.g., sleep apnea), counseling or stress management strategies can help.

Mexico has reported more than 2,700 new cases of measles so far this year, as per the government data. Most of these infections have been detected among infants and young children. Not too far away, in the US, as per the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) data, 900 new cases have been confirmed.

However, unlike in the 1990s, the Secretary of Public Education in Baja California Sur, Alicia Meza Osuna, clarified that it is not a requirement to present the complete vaccination schedule for children to attend schools. However, in the Mexican city of Cabo San Lucas, specific health measures are being taken.

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What Parents In Cabo San Lucas Must Keep In Mind?

• The standard school enrollment process will continue as usual, and families are not required to present a complete vaccination record to register.
• In areas where recent cases have been reported, localized health precautions may be introduced. Families in Cabo San Lucas should be prepared for temporary preventive measures if an outbreak occurs.
• Parents are advised to take their children to a medical facility if they notice symptoms such as fever, cough, runny nose, conjunctivitis, small white spots inside the cheeks, or skin rashes so they can receive timely medical care.
• Except during declared emergencies, vaccination certificates are not required for school admission.

What Happened In Mexico In The 1990s?

In the 1990s, the Ministry of Health (SSA) and the Ministry of Public Education (SEP) required that children be protected against diseases such as measles, polio, rubella, tetanus, diphtheria and tuberculosis before entering preschool or primary school, as part of the health prevention policies. However, at present, as Alicia Meza Osuna stated, "It is not a requirement to enroll children in school to present their vaccination card. Under no circumstances is it a requirement to present a complete vaccination schedule for a child to attend school."

What Is Measles?

Measles, also known as rubeola, is an extremely contagious viral illness that typically causes high fever, cough, runny nose, red and watery eyes, and a characteristic rash that begins on the face and spreads downward across the body. It spreads through respiratory droplets and can lead to severe and sometimes fatal complications, including pneumonia and inflammation of the brain known as encephalitis.

Although it is preventable through the safe and effective MMR vaccine, measles remains a serious threat in many regions. There is no specific cure, and treatment focuses on managing symptoms, according to the Cleveland Clinic.

What Are The Symptoms Parents Must Look Out For?

Measles has a high transmissibility, and high measles immunity levels are required to prevent sustained measles virus transmission.

This is why herd immunity for measles could be easily breached.

It easily spreads from one infected person to another through breathes, coughs or sneezes and could cause severe disease, complications, and even death.

Symptoms include:

• High fever
• Cough
• Runny Nose
• Rash all over the body

The most unique symptom or the early sign of measles in the Koplik spots. These are tiny white dots that look like grains of salt on red gums inside the cheeks that appear before the red rash starts to appear on a person's face and then the body.

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Furthermore, the symptoms of measles are also characterized by the three Cs:

• Cough
• Coryza or runny nose
• Conjunctivitis or red and water eyes

How Long Does The Infection Last?

The progression of the symptom comes in two stages, first is the prodromal stage or Days 1 to 4, where one would notice high fever, cough, runny nose, red and watery eyes, sore throat, fatigue, and Koplik spots.

The second stage is called the rash stage or the days 5 to 10 or even more where rash start to appear on the hairline, and then it runs down the body. It lasts for several days and fades in the same order.

The first symptoms, notes the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), appear 7 to 14 days after a measles infection. Often, it could also lead to ear infection, or even diarrhea. Though these complications happen in every 1 in 10 children or individual with measles.

As per the American Psychological Association (APA), only 58.5 per cent of US teens always or usually receive the social and emotional support they need, as per the report by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).

Another National Institutes of Health (NIH, US) report notes that the most mental health disorders among children ages 3 to 17 in 2016 to 2019 were attention deficit disorder (9.8%, approximately 6 million), anxiety (9.4%, approximately 5.8 million), behavior problems (8.9%, approximately 5.5 million), and depression (4.4%, approximately 2.7 million). For adolescents, depression is concerning because 15.1% of adolescents ages 12-17 years had a major depressive episode in 2018-201.

However, not all are able to receive the help, in fact, parents too find themselves struggling when it comes to helping their children.

Despite growing concern about a mental health crisis among young people in the United States, a large national study suggests the care system continues to fall short for many families.

Researchers from the Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute in Boston found that nearly one quarter of children who require mental health treatment are not receiving it.

The findings come from survey data collected from more than 173,000 households between June 2023 and September 2024.

Many Families Recognize the Need but Cannot Get Help

The analysis showed that about one in five households, or 20 per cent, had at least one child who needed mental health support. Yet among those families, nearly 25 per cent said those needs were not met.

Even families that eventually obtained care often faced significant hurdles. Nearly 17 per cent described the process as difficult and exhausting.

The research letter was published February 16 in JAMA Pediatrics.

Household Structure Shapes Access

The study found that family circumstances strongly influenced how easy it was to navigate the health care system.

Families with multiple children reported higher unmet needs at 28 per cent, compared with 21 per cent in households with only one child. Single parent households also reported more difficulty securing appointments.

Education setting played a role as well. Homeschooled children had higher unmet needs at 31 per cent compared with 25 per cent among children attending public school. Researchers suggest this may reflect the absence of school counselors and other school based support systems.

Insurance and finances created additional barriers. About 40 per cent of families covered by Medicaid or without insurance said they could not get care specifically because it was too hard to access.

In a news release, lead author Alyssa Burnett said nearly one quarter of parents reported that at least one child did not receive needed mental health care, highlighting persistent access gaps.

Cost, Availability and Logistics Remain Major Obstacles

Researchers noted several common barriers. Families cited treatment costs, a shortage of clinicians and logistical issues such as scheduling and travel.

The study also found disparities among racial and ethnic groups. Families from minority backgrounds had higher rates of unmet needs compared with non Hispanic white households. However, Black households reported less difficulty accessing care at 13 per cent compared with 17 per cent among white households.

Bringing Care Closer to Families

Experts involved in the study say improving access may require shifting where care is delivered.

Senior author Hao Yu, an associate professor of population medicine at the institute, said states should expand the child mental health workforce and integrate mental health services into primary care settings to remove barriers and improve access to needed treatment.