When one hears the words "health check," a doctor's appointment or blood test might be the first images that spring to mind. But we have a surprise for you: your capacity or lack thereof to do a simple squat can tell you just as much about long-term health and physical independence as either of these.

As the top fitness experts say, your squat number isn't merely a measure of gym performance—it may be a red flag that your body isn't performing at its optimal level. This apparently simple movement is really a potent diagnostic tool for mobility, muscular strength, and functional health at every stage of life.

Squats are one of the most fundamental movement patterns in the human body. Whether you’re getting in and out of a car, picking up your child, or simply sitting down, you’re performing a variation of a squat. And that makes this movement more than just a gym staple—it’s a daily necessity.

"Squats replicate fundamental human movements," says one personal trainer. "They work multiple muscle groups, assist in keeping joints mobile, and are critical to functional tasks of daily living."

And yet, simple as they are, squats can be telling. Being unable to complete a given number of reps, or unable to achieve proper depth without sacrificing form, may be indicative of deeper problems—weak ankles and tight hips, poor balance, and mobility restrictions.

How Many Squats Should You Be Able to Do?

Exercise professionals have defined a series of age-related standards to determine if your squat performance is within a healthy range. These standards consider the normal changes our bodies experience as we age, but still challenge us to be strong and functional.

Here's what optimal squat capacity looks like by age:

In your 20s: 50 bodyweight squats continuously or 10 squats with 40–50% of your body weight

30s to 40s: 50 bodyweight squats or 10 squats with 50–60% of your body weight

In your 50s: 40 bodyweight squats or 10 squats with 40–50% of your body weight

60s: 30 bodyweight squats or 10 squats with 30% of your body weight

70s and beyond: 20 squats using bodyweight or 10 squats with 20% body weight

If you're not meeting these goals, it may not be a matter of fitness at all—it may be a sign of something more serious underlying your physical resilience.

Before reaching for the numbers, experts recommend starting with form first. Good squat mechanics save your joints, activate the correct muscle groups, and seriously limit the potential for injury.

Some of the most important form checks are:

• Keep your heels firmly on the ground
• Align your knees with your toes, keeping them from collapsing inward
• Hinge at the hips with your chest kept up
• Lower only as low as you can keep good form, ideally to 90 degrees

Bodyweight squats are great for beginners or as a warm-up, but progress tends to plateau because of insufficient resistance. That is where weighted squats enter the picture—using dumbbells, kettlebells, or barbells increases muscle activation and develops strength more quickly.

Why Muscle Matters—At Every Age

It's a myth that getting older automatically leads to physical deterioration. Lifestyle behaviors and chronic inactivity contribute more to loss of mobility and injury risk than your birthdate.

Sustaining muscle mass through functional exercises such as squats promotes:

• Enhanced balance and coordination
• Higher bone density, minimizing the risk of osteoporosis
• Lower risk of falls and fractures, particularly in the elderly
• Improved metabolic health, assisting with weight management and energy levels
• Greater cardiovascular health and longevity
• Strong muscles also serve as shock absorbers for your joints, minimizing wear and tear on your hips, knees, and lower back.

What Muscles Do Squats Target?

Squats are a compound exercise that engages multiple muscle groups at the same time:

Primary movers: Gluteus maximus (butt), quadriceps (front thighs), and soleus (deep calf muscle)

Assistants: Hamstrings, calves, and muscles of the inner thigh

Stabilizers: Core muscles, including abdominals and spinal erectors

This full-body engagement is why squats are a non-negotiable in any well-rounded fitness program.

How to Improve Your Squat Safely?

If you’re struggling with your squat form or numbers, it may be due to limited ankle or hip mobility, weak glutes, or tight hamstrings. The good news? All of these are improvable with targeted mobility work and strength training. Here’s how to perform a proper squat:

• Stand with feet shoulder-width apart, toes turned slightly outward.
• Maintain your chest up, and slowly lower your hips as if sitting down in a chair.
• Make sure your knees track over your toes, not collapsing inward.
• Get as low as you can without compromising form—preferably until thighs are parallel to the ground.
• Push through heels to return to standing.

Consistency is everything. Begin with bodyweight squats, and gradually add volume and resistance as you develop strength.

Squats are more than a fitness benchmark—they're a reflection of your body's strength, balance, and longevity potential. Reaching your age-specific squat count isn't about reaching arbitrary numbers. It's about having your body ready for life, from daily tasks to long-term independence.

Mobility and independence are two things that keep people healthy, however, with age, as bones weaken and muscle is lost, elderly become more dependent. This condition is called sarcopenia, or age-related muscle loss. India is finally focusing on this and have now new guidelines to warn people against it.

The Geriatric Society of India released country's first 'Indian Guidelines for the Evaluation and Management of Sarcopenia'. These guidelines are a combination of recommendations by experts across multiple specialties, including geriatric medicine, orthopedics, endocrinology, physiotherapy and nutrition. These guidelines aim to help doctors detect and treat muscle loss early. The aim is to not let elderly compromise with their independence.

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What Is Sarcopenia?

Sarcopenia literally translates to 'loss of flesh'. Medically, it refers to gradual decline in muscle mass, strength and physical function with aging. While it is often overlooked, it is also the major reason for many fractures and hospitalizations of older adults, and sometimes, even death.

India is expected to have around 319 million people aged over 60 by 2050, which is one-fifth of the population. It could be concerning as they are at risk of sarcopenia. Studies have also shown that the number has increased from 8-18 per cent to 25-40 per cent adults, especially hospitalization cases. Experts point out that those with chronic diseases like diabetes are at a higher risk.

What Are The First Indian Guidelines On Muscle Loss or Sarcopenia?

Dr OP Sharma, who led guidelines said that muscle health is most important for healthy aging. "Strength preserves dignity. Early detection saves independence," he said. Dr Sharma also noted that the sedentary lifestyle, poor nutrition and chronic illnesses are accelerating this condition among seniors.

The guidelines also advise doctors to look for warning signs in patients, which include weak grip strength, slower walking speed, or difficulty getting up from a chair. There are also screening tools like SARC-F questionnaire, which could help identify those at risk.

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The ray of hope here is that sarcopenia could be prevented or slowed that too with simple lifestyle changes.

What Lifestyle Changes Could Prevent Sarcopenia?

• Strength training exercises
• Adequate protein consumption
• Correcting deficiency including vitamin D and calcium

Doctors are also advising to eat a balanced diet, which includes protein, fats, green vegetables, and pulses. Dr Raju Vaishya of Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals said, "India is a sarcopenic nation". He pointed that everyone needs to be aware about muscle health, however this awareness remains low in the country.

Dr Randeep Guleria said the guidelines aim to brings muscle health into routine medical care. "They bridge science with clinical wisdom, making sarcopenia visible in everyday practice."

A new Nature Human Behaviour (2026) study suggests that single-session psychological exercises lasting less than 10 minutes can lead to measurable decreases in depression symptoms even one month later.

Depression is one of the most common mental health disorders in the world. Every year, hundreds of millions of people suffer from depression, and many are unable to get therapy because of cost, stigma and the dearth of mental-health professionals.

Symptoms include excessive sadness, depression often includes fatigue, changes in appetite, sleep disturbances, difficulty concentrating and feelings of hopelessness. Treatment requires professional guidance for diagnosis and management.

A 10-Minute Intervention With Lasting Effects

All the brief interventions took less than 10 minutes to complete and were designed to teach practical coping skills that are commonly used in psychotherapy. Some exercises helped participants to reframe negative thoughts, while others focused on motivation, goal-setting or making sense of things by helping others. Participants completed surveys measuring their well-being immediately after the session and again one month later.

The results were striking: while many exercises boosted motivation and hope immediately, two interventions - Interactive Cognitive Reappraisal and Finding Focus - showed measurable reductions in depression symptoms even after a month. On average, participants experienced about a four percent greater reduction in depression scores compared with the control group.

Although the improvement may appear small, researchers note that brief, scalable interventions could reach millions of people who currently lack access to mental-health care as they can be completed in a few minutes and delivered online, these exercises may allow people to take initial steps toward better mental health, especially those waiting for professional help or unwilling to ask for help.

The scientists also stressed that these activities are not intended to substitute for therapy, but should be seen as readily available tools to help with emotional health.

Exercise and Mental Health: A Growing Body of Evidence

Previous research also shows that a quick burst of activity can make you feel better from other research too. A British Journal of Health Psychology 2024 study found that just 10 minutes of daily mindfulness practice significantly improved well-being and reduced symptoms of depression and anxiety among more than 1,200 participants from 91 countries.

Similarly, the US National Institutes of Health (2019) reviews suggest that the physical activity itself may help improve mood and depressive symptoms, strengthening the relationship between movement and mental health.

Collectively, these findings suggest that even small doses of mental or physical activity may lead to psychological benefits.

A Small Step That Can Make a Difference

Depression can make people feel trapped and out of control. The good news of the new research is that it suggests that big changes aren’t always necessary to move forward.

Sometimes, doing a small task, like spending 10 minutes learning a new coping skill or doing a quick mental exercise, is enough to change the way you think and gradually improve mood.

As researchers investigate these brief interventions, one thing is becoming clear: when it comes to mental health, few minutes matter more than we think.

British broadcaster Gabby Logan has revealed that her 20-year-old daughter Lois has been diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a hormonal condition that may require her to step back from high-intensity endurance sport, including extreme long-distance running.

Speaking on her Mid-Point podcast, Logan said the diagnosis came after medical consultations about her daughter’s health and training. During the appointment, a specialist advised Lois to avoid “extreme running,” prompting mixed emotions in the family, concern about the condition, but also relief about scaling back punishing physical goals.

What PCOS Means for Athletes

PCOS is one of the most common endocrine disorders in women of reproductive age, affecting an estimated 8–13 per cent globally. It occurs when the body produces higher levels of androgens (male-type hormones) and often involves insulin resistance.

The condition can cause irregular periods, acne, excessive hair growth, weight changes and fertility challenges. Many patients also have difficulty regulating blood sugar, increasing long-term risks of type 2 diabetes and heart disease.

While exercise is widely recommended as a cornerstone of PCOS management, helping improve insulin sensitivity, metabolism and mood, specialists say the type and intensity of exercise matter.

Why Extreme Endurance Could Be A Problem

Doctors cautioned Lois against extreme endurance events such as half-marathons because prolonged, high-intensity training can significantly elevate cortisol, the body’s primary stress hormone.

In people with PCOS, hormonal balance is already fragile. Persistently high cortisol may:

• worsen insulin resistance
• disrupt ovulation further
• aggravate fatigue and inflammation
• intensify menstrual irregularities

In other words, although movement is beneficial, chronic physical stress can sometimes counteract the hormonal stability patients are trying to restore.

Moderate-intensity exercise, brisk walking, strength training and shorter runs, is generally considered more supportive for hormone regulation than sustained high-intensity endurance workloads.

From Half Marathon To Shorter Goals

Logan previously completed the London Landmarks Half-Marathon with Lois in 2024, describing the preparation as mentally and physically demanding. The pair had hoped to repeat the experience, but the new medical advice has changed those plans.

Instead, they now intend to focus on shorter runs together.

The television presenter admitted she felt a surprising sense of relief at the specialist’s recommendation, recalling how intense the training had been for both of them.

A sporting life continues — just differently

Lois, a competitive showjumper and university student, has long balanced academics with elite sport. She has ridden horses since childhood and competed at national levels, later even participating in a charity jockey race — an experience she described as “brutal.”

Her diagnosis does not end her athletic pursuits, but it reshapes them.

Medical experts increasingly stress that PCOS management is not about stopping exercise but tailoring it. Sustainable training, adequate recovery, and balanced nutrition often produce better long-term hormonal outcomes than relentless endurance performance.

For athletes with PCOS, the goal shifts from pushing physical limits to supporting physiological stability — a change that, doctors say, can ultimately protect both performance and health.