Reducing sugar intake during pregnancy and the first two years of a child’s life could have life-changing benefits for brain health, particularly in lowering the risk of Alzheimer’s disease. According to a new study, limiting sugar intake could reduce the risk Alzheimer’s by more than 45% in the future. The research, published in npj Aging, found that people exposed to lower sugar intake during the first 1,000 days of life, from conception until age two, had a 46% lower risk of Alzheimer’s disease, a 27% lower risk of dementia, an 11% lower risk of depression, and a 20% lower risk of anxiety in later life. Researchers analysed health and brain imaging data from more than 60,000 participants in the UK Biobank. They used Britain’s World War II sugar rationing period as a natural experiment, comparing people born when sugar availability was restricted with those born after rationing ended. Why The First 1,000 Days Matter?Scientists say that early life is a critical phase for the brain, metabolism, and immune system. Nutrition during this period can shape long-term health, influencing disease risk of neurodegenerative disease decades later. “Our findings suggest that limiting sugar intake during the first 1,000 days of life may have long-lasting benefits for brain health,” the researchers noted, adding that the effects appear to persist well into older adulthood. Dr. Bing Zhang, a geriatric medicine researcher involved in the study, said the results support the idea that nutrition in early life can shape lifelong brain health through metabolic programming during critical stages of development. The study also found key structural differences in the brain. MRI scans showed that participants who had lower sugar exposure early in life had brains that appeared approximately 0.4 years younger biologically. Their brains showed greater grey matter volume and fewer signs of white matter damage that is often linked to healthier cognitive ageing.Also read: Can Your Child’s Diet Shape Future Diabetes Risk? Study Links Ultra-Processed Foods To Early Insulin ResponsesDoes Sugar Cause Dementia?The researchers found an association, not proof that sugar directly causes Alzheimer’s or dementia. Since the study is observational, other factors like overall diet, access to healthcare facilities and services, and lifestyle may also have contributed to the findings. Dr. Sara Rodrigues of Alzheimer’s Research UK, who was not involved in the research, cautioned that while the results are compelling, they do not establish cause and effect. However, they add to the growing evidence that healthy eating throughout life plays an important role in maintaining brain health. Ultra-Processed Foods Linked To Early Insulin Response This comes after a recent study suggested that children who who consume higher amounts of ultra-processed foods may already be showing subtle changes in the way their bodies regulate insulin, potentially increasing the risk for type 2 diabetes in the future.According to a new study published in the journal Nutrients, children who have higher amounts of in ultra-processed foods (UPFs) had reduced insulin sensitivity and higher insulin secretion, even though they did not have diabetes.Researchers from Texas A&M University–San Antonio, University of Texas Health San Antonio, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, and Wake Forest University School of Medicine discovered that the metabolic changes linked to diabetes may begin much earlier in life than previously thought.