Every year on November 12, World Pneumonia Day is observed. This day aims to spread awareness and educate people to combat Pneumonia disease, which is world's biggest infectious killer of adults and children, especially those below five years. What Is Pneumonia?It is an inflammatory respiratory disorder caused due to bacteria, viruses or fungal infections which impair the air sacs of the lungs, called alveoli. It happens due to the accumulation of fluid or pus in the air sacs, making breathing difficult. It is a contagious disease and could be fatal for the person with weaker immunity. World Pneumonia Day 2025 ThemeThis year, the theme for World Pneumonia Day 2025 is 'Child Survival'. This theme recognizes pneumonia as the leading infectious cause of death in children. Dr Raja Dhar, Director and HOD Pulmonology at CMRI Kolkata says, "Pneumonia continues to be a silent killer that claims over 2.5 million lives every year worldwide — with more than half a million of these deaths occurring in children under the age of five."However, he also notes that this disease also poses a grave threat to older adults.The theme draws attention to the heartbreaking truth that pneumonia continues to claim the lives of thousands of young children each year—even though it’s both preventable and treatable. It calls on families, communities, and leaders to unite in ensuring every child has access to good nutrition, clean air, vital vaccines, and timely medical care. The message is clear and deeply human: no child should die from a disease we can prevent. History of World Pneumonia DayWorld Pneumonia Day was first observed on November 12 2009, under the 'Stop Pneumonia' initiatives by the Global Coalition Against Child Pneumonia. This was a coalition of various institutions all together to fight the child mortality due to the respiratory infection. Importance of Pneumonia DayOne of the most important significance of Pneumonia day is to spread awareness of the condition, especially early recognition, so it could be treated timely. Dr Dhar points out that early recognition and timely treatment could save lives. "Prevention remains our strongest weapon. Regular hand hygiene, avoiding smoking, ensuring good nutrition, and staying up to date with pneumonia and influenza vaccinations—especially for children, older adults, and those with chronic illnesses—can drastically reduce risk," says Dr Dhar. As the doctor suggests that this day helps us remember that protecting the lungs is equivalent to protecting life. "Seek medical help early for any signs of lung infection, and take proactive steps to safeguard your loved ones, especially the very young and the elderly, from the dangers of pneumonia," says the doctor. What Are The Common Symptoms Of Pneumonia?Persistent cough (with phlegm or mucus)High fever and chillsChest pain while breathing or coughingShortness of breathFatigue and weaknessHow Can You Prevent Pneumonia?The best ways to prevent pneumonia are:Vaccination: get vaccination against flu, pneumococcal infections, and COVID-19Good Hygiene: wash hands regularly. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends washing hands frequently to prevent the spread of germs, and to apply enough soap to cover all hand surface.Healthy Lifestyle: maintain a balanced diet, exercise regularly, and get adequate restAvoid smokingEat healthy
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