Hate and Love are deeply interlinked and the reason behind this is a brain chemical called Oxytocin. This hormone is the first element in the neurobiology of bonding and is an important driver in both care and prejudice. Oxytocin, known as the love/cuddle hormone, is a chemical produced mainly in a small region of the brain called the Hypothalamus. It is then stored and released in the bloodstream by the pituitary gland. Oxytocin can impact social recognition, relationship formation, and long-term emotional attachment. Besides, it also helps in reducing blood pressure, which in turn, is beneficial for the heart. It also helps in lowering stress. There is empirical evidence to prove that oxytocin reduces the level of cortisol (stress hormone) in saliva.So far so good. Right? Oxytocin promotes love, relationships and also benefits your health. But scientists say there is a dark side to this hormone too. According to research published in Psychology Today, oxytocin promotes human ethnocentrism—the tendency to view one's group as centrally important and superior to other groups. Ethnocentrism creates intergroup bias that fuels prejudice, xenophobia, and intergroup violence. Additionally, oxytocin also enhances envy and gloating in a social game. "Grounded in the idea that ethnocentrism also facilitates within-group trust, cooperation, and co-ordination, we conjecture that ethnocentrism may be modulated by brain oxytocin, a peptide shown to promote co-operation among in-group members. Results of the study show that oxytocin creates intergroup bias because oxytocin motivates in-group favouritism and, to a lesser extent, out-group derogation. These findings call into question the view of oxytocin as an indiscriminate "love drug" or "cuddle chemical" and suggest that oxytocin has a role in the emergence of intergroup conflict and violence," researchers said.How Is Oxytocin Released?Oxytocin is one of the few hormones that have a positive feedback loop. This means that releasing oxytocin leads to actions that stimulate your pituitary gland to release even more of it. Most hormones, like dopamine and serotonin, create negative feedback loops after they are released, meaning your body releases less of the hormone after it has its effect on your body.If you have a low Oxytocin level, which is a rare condition, then it could stop uterine contractions during the birthing process and prevent milk ejection after giving birth. On the other hand, if you have levels of this hormone, it results in an overactive uterus, causing an increase in uterine muscle mass. This limits pregnancy due to not having enough space in your uterus to hold your fetus.