Vitiligo is an acquired disorder of depigmentation characterized by white patches on the body. It affects all races. There is a lot of stigma associated with the disease due to disfigurement. The affected persons suffer from psychological distress, low self-esteem, and social neglect. Inadequate knowledge and age-old misconceptions are the key reasons for this undue apprehension associated with this condition.Common Myths About VitiligoThere is a misconception that vitiligo can spread by contact. However, vitiligo is non-contagious and does not spread by contact. Another misconception is that sour food causes vitiligo, which is not scientifically proven. It cannot be transmitted through contact, shared items, or proximity. It is not caused by bacterial, viral, or other infectious agents. It tends to be more noticeable in people with darker skin, due to higher contrast between affected and unaffected areas.There is no significant variation in people of different races, religions, and socio-economic status for predisposition to vitiligo. There is another myth that vitiligo and leprosy are the same, as both present with white skin.What Causes Vitiligo?The exact cause is multifactorial, with hypotheses based on genetic—autoimmune, neural, and biochemical theories. There is a role of acquired factors like stress and infections in its clinical expression. It is associated with other autoimmune disorders like diabetes mellitus, alopecia areata, Addison's disease, and thyroid disorders. The course of the disease is unpredictable. If you notice any skin discoloration, reach out to a dermatologist for early diagnosis and treatment.What You Can Safely Do Around Someone With VitiligoBust the myths about vitiligo with proper information regarding the condition.You can safely touch or hug someone with vitiligoYou can share food, drinks, or utensils.Use the same towels, clothes, or beddingSwim in the same poolLive, work, or study in close quartersThere is zero risk of transmission.By proper public awareness, the social stigma associated with the condition can be debunked. A qualified dermatologist can diagnose the condition with medical history, Wood's lamp examination, and blood tests to rule out other autoimmune diseases. There is no cure for vitiligo, but treatment to restore pigmentation and to prevent progression of the disease can be done. Counseling and support groups to help patients with this disorder can make a meaningful difference. (Dr. Saji Firoz, Consultant, Dermatology & Cosmetology, KIMSHEALTH, Thiruvananthapuram)