We have been often told that milk, and dairy products are great for our bone health, especially due to its high vitamin D and calcium components. This is also true for yogurt, but is there enough evidence to support this argument? A new study published in the journal Frontiers in Nutrition checks exactly take. It has taken a closer look at the question of eating yogurt to improve bone health. While the findings may show promise, the researchers say that evidence is not strong enough to call yogurt a bone-strengthening food on its own.

Why yogurt Is Believed To Be Bone Healthy?

yogurt is made through fermentation of milk, and it uses two specific bacterial strains, namely: Lactobacillus delbrueckii bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus.

While yogurt and milk share similar nutrient profiles, yogurt offers additional benefits due to the above mentioned bacteria. They also produce vitamins and biologically active compound that could support overall health.

When we age, our bones lose mass and bone formation slows down, while resorption or bone breakdown speeds up. This also increases risk of fragility fractures. This is why nutrients like calcium, vitamin D, phosphorus, and potassium play vital role in maintaining strong bones. yogurt is also rich in protein, calcium, zinc, selenium, and vitamin B and K which is also recommended as bone-friendly food.

Some experts also believe that yogurt offers an edge over milk due to the higher levels of certain vitamins and minerals it provides. Furthermore, they claim that there is a better absorption of nutrients through yogurt. However, despite this theory, the studies have only shown mixed results.

How Was the Study On yogurt's Impact On Bone Health Conducted?

For the latest study, the researcher reviewed the existing evidence on yogurt's impact on bone health. The study analyzed data from scientific databases, including PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Scopus. These were published between 1970 to 2023.

The team had both the groups, namely: healthy adults and individuals with osteoporosis. The study included a comparison of yogurt intake to no yogurt, non-fermented dairy products, or standard osteoporosis treatments. Then, they evaluated observational studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs), extracting data on participants’ demographics, yogurt dosage, study duration, and results.

In order to ensure accuracy, the study also assessed the quality of evidence using established methods such as the Newcastle-Ottawa scale and the GRADE system. Finally, they conducted meta-analyses to evaluate two major outcomes, hip fracture risk and femoral bone mineral density (BMD).

What Did The Study On Analyzing yogurt's Impact On Bone Health Find?

The study found that of the 1,302 studies reviewed, only 12 met the eligibility criteria that represented 14 observational studies. Most of them were conducted in the US, Europe, and Asia, and focused on postmenopausal women, a group that is particularly vulnerable to bone loss.

There were some studies that found a relation between higher yogurt consumption to better bone mineral density. On fact, one of them even reported that people who consumed yogurt more frequently had a lower risk of radius osteoporosis and higher hip and femoral neck BMD levels.

However, when researchers pooled the data, the overall effect was quite small. The meta-analysis showed that yogurt intake had a statistically positive but clinically negligible impact on bone density (SMD = 0.009) and no clear association with hip fracture risk.

The team also noted several limitations. Most studies didn’t specify the type of yogurt consumed, whether it was full-fat or low-fat, fortified or plain, or contained live bacterial cultures. Since all the data came from observational studies, it was also hard to prove a cause-and-effect link between yogurt and stronger bones.

Women should make sure their diets include enough omega fatty acids, researchers say, after finding unusually low levels of these compounds in female Alzheimer’s patients.

This comes from an analysis of blood samples from both Alzheimer’s patients and healthy individuals, which showed that unsaturated fats, including those rich in omega fatty acids, were up to 20% lower in women living with the disease. So, could an omega-rich diet actually help reduce Alzheimer’s risk?

Can Omega-3 Rich Diet Protect Women From Alzheimer’s?

A major study has shown that women with Alzheimer’s have markedly lower levels of unsaturated lipids, including omega fatty acids, in their blood compared to cognitively healthy women. This points to a potential protective role for these fats in maintaining brain health.

Alzheimer’s tends to affect women more, particularly after 80, though the biological reasons are still not fully understood. To explore differences between men and women, researchers analyzed plasma samples from 841 participants in the AddNeuroMed cohort: 306 with Alzheimer’s, 165 with mild cognitive impairment, and 370 cognitively healthy controls. Using lipidomics, they studied 268 individual lipids per participant and examined how lipid composition varied by sex, while also exploring possible causal links through mediation analysis.

The findings revealed clear sex differences. Three lipid groups were linked to Alzheimer’s in women, but only one in men (p<0.05). In women with Alzheimer’s, lipids rich in highly unsaturated fatty acids, including omega fatty acids, were consistently lower, while saturated fats were higher (q<0.05). Importantly, the impact of unsaturated phospholipids on Alzheimer’s risk was independent of cholesterol, LDL, or apolipoprotein B, suggesting a direct biological effect. Men with Alzheimer’s did not show these lipid changes compared to healthy men.

These results highlight that lipid biology in Alzheimer’s is sex-specific, with women showing a clear loss of protective omega-rich fats. While this does not prove a cause-and-effect relationship, it suggests that omega-rich foods like oily fish or supplements could help reduce risk, though clinical trials are needed to confirm this.

How Does Omega Rich Diet Help With Alzheimer's?

A diet high in omega-3 fatty acids may support brain health and lower Alzheimer’s risk through anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective effects. The most important omega-3s are docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), which are essential for proper brain structure and function, according to Healthline.

Women And Alzheimers

About two-thirds of people with Alzheimer’s in the US are women, notes Harvard neuropsychologist Rachel Buckley, PhD. “Women actually tend to live with dementia longer than men.”

Women are more likely to develop Alzheimer’s due to a mix of biological, social, and cultural factors, including longer life expectancy, hormonal changes after menopause, and differences in education and work experience. The disease can also show up differently in women; some studies suggest tau protein spreads faster in their brains, which may delay diagnosis until later stages, according to Harvard Health.

Recent research has highlighted that the reasons for the sex gap in Alzheimer’s are complex, involving both biology and social factors. Potential contributors include women’s exposure to sex hormones, genes on the X chromosome, the presence of risk factors like hearing loss, the APOE4 genetic variant, and lower cognitive reserve related to education levels.

Magnesium supplements are everywhere. Whether you see it on pharmacy shelves or wellness blogs and social media where influencers who swear by them. You’ve probably heard someone claim that a daily magnesium tablet can help you sleep better, ease muscle cramps, or boost your mood. But do you actually need one, or is this just another wellness trend gone too far?

What Is Magnesium and Why Do We Need It?

Magnesium is an essential mineral that plays a crucial role in over 300 biochemical reactions in the body. It helps regulate muscle and nerve function, supports a healthy immune system, builds protein, maintains blood sugar and blood pressure levels, and aids in energy production.

Because the body doesn’t produce magnesium on its own, it must come from external sources such as food or supplements. The recommended daily intake varies: 310–420 mg for adults and 30–410 mg for children, depending on age and sex.

The good news? A balanced diet can easily meet these requirements. Magnesium-rich foods include nuts and seeds, leafy green vegetables, legumes, seafood, whole grains, and meat. Even dark chocolate can help, 100 grams of dark chocolate contains around 146 mg of magnesium.

Who Is at Risk of Magnesium Deficiency?

Most people get enough magnesium from food, but certain groups are more vulnerable to deficiency. These include people with gastrointestinal disorders such as Crohn’s disease or coeliac disease, those with type 2 diabetes, people who consume excessive alcohol, and older adults.

If you’re low on magnesium, you might notice symptoms such as muscle twitches, spasms, fatigue, low appetite, nausea, or an irregular heartbeat. However, the only way to confirm a deficiency is through a blood test prescribed by your doctor, which, in most cases, is covered by Medicare.

Can Magnesium Supplements Really Help?

Magnesium supplements are often promoted as a solution for muscle cramps, migraines, and insomnia. But do they actually work?

While magnesium deficiency can lead to cramps, most cases of muscle cramps are not due to low magnesium. Research shows limited evidence that supplements prevent cramps, especially in older adults.

The link between magnesium and better sleep is also unclear. Some studies found it helped people fall asleep faster, while others found no significant difference.

When it comes to migraines, evidence is stronger. Studies suggest that taking 122–600 mg of magnesium daily for 4–24 weeks may reduce the frequency and severity of migraines in some people.

Are Magnesium Supplements Safe?

In general, magnesium supplements are safe when taken in the recommended amounts. However, too much can lead to nausea, abdominal cramps, and diarrhea, because magnesium draws water into the intestines.

Taking extremely large doses (around 5,000 mg daily) can cause magnesium toxicity, which is dangerous. Always check with your doctor before starting supplements, especially if you take other medications.

Different Forms and What to Watch Out For

Magnesium is available in tablets, powders, and even topical forms like creams and bath salts. While these skin-based products may raise magnesium levels slightly, they’re less effective than oral supplements or food sources.

When buying supplements, check the label carefully. Most tablets contain 150–350 mg of magnesium, but formulations vary widely. Some also include additional nutrients like vitamins B6, C, or D, and minerals like calcium or manganese.

Be cautious with vitamin B6, high intake can cause nerve damage over time. If you already take a multivitamin containing B6, avoid magnesium supplements that also include it.

Milk is one of the most common items found in every household and is considered a wholesome food packed with calcium, protein, and vitamin D.

It plays an important role in maintaining strong bones, building muscles, and supporting overall health. Because of its nutritional richness, milk is often called a complete food. However, it is essential to ensure that the milk you consume is pure and free from adulteration. Contaminated or diluted milk can lose its nutritional value and even harm your health. Fortunately, there are simple methods you can try at home to find out whether your milk is pure or adulterated.

What Is Milk Adulteration?

Food adulteration is the intentional act of reducing the quality of food by mixing or replacing it with inferior substances, or by removing essential components. The same applies to milk. While contamination of food can happen accidentally during storage, transport, or distribution, adulteration is done deliberately for profit.

Milk adulteration involves adding materials such as water, urea, detergent, or other chemicals to increase volume or extend shelf life. This practice reduces the nutritional value and can pose serious health risks to consumers.

How To Check Milk Adulteration at Home

There are a few simple ways to check for adulteration using common items at home:

• Water Test: Pour a small amount of milk onto a slanted surface. Pure milk flows slowly, leaving a white trail, while milk mixed with water flows quickly and leaves little or no mark.
• Detergent Test: Shake equal parts of milk and water. Pure milk forms a light foam, whereas adulterated milk creates thick, soapy froth.
• Starch Test: Add a few drops of iodine solution to the milk. If it turns blue, starch has been added.
• Urea Test: Mix a small amount of milk with soybean powder and dip red litmus paper into it. If the paper turns blue, it indicates the presence of urea.

What Happens When You Consume Adulterated Milk

Regularly drinking adulterated milk can cause several health issues from short-term stomach discomfort to severe, long-term illnesses. The exact effects depend on what substance has been added, ranging from diluted water to harmful chemicals.

Immediate Health Effects

• Digestive problems: Contaminants like urea, detergent, or unclean water can cause nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and stomach cramps.
• Irritation and burning: Strong alkaline substances such as caustic soda may burn the mouth, throat, and digestive tract, damaging body tissues.
• Allergic reactions: Some chemical additives and impurities can trigger allergies, leading to rashes, itching, or breathing difficulty.

Long-Term Health Consequences

• Kidney damage: Chemicals like urea overwork the kidneys, increasing the risk of long-term damage or kidney failure.
• Liver problems: Preservatives such as formalin (formaldehyde) used to prolong milk’s freshness can harm the liver over time.
• Cancer risk: Long exposure to toxic compounds, including formalin and certain pesticides, has been linked to cancer.
• Heart disease: Artificial fats or vegetable oils added to milk can raise bad cholesterol, contributing to heart problems.
• Hormonal imbalance: Cattle injected with hormones like oxytocin can pass traces into milk, disrupting natural hormone levels in humans.
• Weakened immunity: Consuming impure milk regularly can weaken the immune system, making you more prone to infections.
• Nutritional deficiency: When milk is diluted or its nutrients are replaced with cheaper additives, it loses its health benefits. This is especially harmful for children, as it can affect their growth and development.