Mango butter—also known as mango oil and mango kernel fat—is a type of oil that is extracted from the kernels of mango seeds. But what is the big deal about mango butter? Well, it is packed with a lot of nutrients that are extremely beneficial for your skin.

How Does Mango Butter Help Skin?

It is generally non-comedogenic. Mango butter does not have compounds that are known to irritate skin, even if yours is sensitive. One exception to this is that if you have acne, you may avoid using mango butter on your face.

Moreover, mango butter also protects from harmful Ultraviolet (UV) Rays. Mango contains salicylic acid and antioxidants, which are known to protect from sun damage.

Most notably, Vitamins C and E are in rich supply in mangoes. A 2012 study suggests that, when combined, these two ingredients may provide some protection for your skin against environmental damage.

There is no heavy scent in mango butter. While you might expect a fruity zing, most people report a mild scent.

It's antibacterial and antimicrobial, which helps clear skin. In a 2020 study, wool treated with mango seed oil was less susceptible to the presence of various types of bacteria.

It may make your hair shiny. The same properties that promote soft skin may also boost your hair's natural shine and reduce scalp dryness and flakiness.

What Is In Mango Butter That Makes It So Special?

Mangoes are loaded with nutritious substances, which is partly why they are a dietary staple around the world. They are packed with fibre, vitamins (C, B6, A, E, and more), and minerals. They are also a good source of folate, potassium, calcium, and beta-carotene.

Many of the vitamins found in mango hold skin-improving powers, so it makes sense to blend it into butter.

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Thanks to its fatty acid profile (it is chock-full of oleic, stearic, and linoleic acids), mango butter is used as a substitute in beauty products for cocoa butter, a long-time skin-softening favourite.

As a topical cream, it can pass along benefits like softer skin, and may offer UV protection. The same 2020 study mentioned above suggests that wool treated with mango seed oil showed a decreased amount of UV damage—so it may do the same for the skin.

Mango butter also performed spectacularly in a small 2008 study on treatments for cracked heels. A mango butter-based solution worked better than a commercially produced lotion regarding the reduction of scars and cracks in the skin and increased shelf life. It also showed similar or better results in its ability to moisturize.

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Young people who have multiple symptoms of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are more likely to use nicotine through vaping, smoking, or other tobacco products. This has been revealed in a recent study which was published in JAMA Network Open. The research has also highlighted a worrying link between mental health and substance use among adolescents.

What Did The Study Find?

The study is led by Sean Esteban McCabe, an epidemiologist at the University of Michigan and analyzed the data from the Population Assessment of tobacco and Health (PATH) Study. This long-term research tracked 13,572 American adolescents between the ages of 12 and 17 over a period of nine years. The study used annual surveys to gather information on tobacco use and ADHD symptoms.

The results showed that teens who exhibited three or more symptoms of ADHD had significantly higher adjusted odds of using nicotine-based products, compared to those with no symptoms. Interestingly, individuals with "asymptomatic" ADHD—meaning they had very mild or no noticeable symptoms—did not show higher odds of tobacco use compared to those in the control group.

Understanding ADHD and Nicotine Use

ADHD is one of the most prevalent neurodevelopmental conditions in childhood. It is commonly characterized by difficulty in paying attention, controlling impulses, and, in some cases, excessive activity. While the symptoms vary in intensity, even a few persistent signs can have notable effects on a young person’s behavior and choices.

In this study, symptoms were assessed through questions like: “When was the last time that you did the following things two or more times… Felt restless or the need to run around or climb on things?” The more such symptoms a teenager reported, the higher their risk of using tobacco.

For example, the research found that teens with three to four ADHD symptoms were 60% more likely to vape than those with no ADHD symptoms.

Nicotine as a Form of Self-Medication?

One of the main reasons behind this pattern may be nicotine’s short-term effects on the brain. It can temporarily improve focus and alertness, which might appeal to individuals struggling with ADHD. “So people with ADHD might use tobacco to self-medicate,” McCabe explained to ScienceNews.

While this might offer a brief sense of relief, nicotine remains highly addictive and poses numerous health risks, especially to young, developing bodies and brains.

Implications for Parents and Public Health

These findings contribute to growing evidence that links psychological or mental health issues with substance use, including nicotine addiction. Past studies have also connected tobacco use with anxiety and depression.

McCabe emphasizes the importance of not overlooking ADHD symptoms in children. “This study suggests that if their symptoms of ADHD are controlled through therapy… or if the symptoms naturally dissipate, [kids] remain at lower risk for tobacco and nicotine and associated adverse outcomes,” he noted.

Although cigarette smoking has declined among teenagers in recent years, the popularity of vaping continues to rise. Marketed initially as a safer alternative, vaping has now been linked to several health concerns. Experts warn that it is far from harmless.

“Tobacco remains the leading cause of preventable death,” McCabe said. “Preventing tobacco use would be a powerful game changer for anyone — including those with ADHD.”

A wave of social media posts has sparked curiosity around a simple bedtime habit: switching off your Wi-Fi router at night. Some claim it boosts sleep quality, reduces headaches, and even improves mental clarity. But is there any science to back this? Here's what experts say happens when you turn off your Wi-Fi for seven nights in a row.

Does Wi-Fi Radiation Affect Your Body?

Wi-Fi routers emit non-ionising radiation — a low-level form of electromagnetic radiation (EMF) — that is widely considered safe under normal household exposure. Dr Hiran S. Reddy, consultant physician, diabetologist, and critical care specialist at Gleneagles Hospital, Hyderabad, who spoke to Indian Express said that for most people, turning off the router is unlikely to cause any physiological changes.

“WiFi devices emit low-level, non-ionising radiation, which current scientific consensus deems safe at everyday exposure levels,” he explained.

However, Dr Reddy noted that people who report heightened sensitivity to electromagnetic fields — a condition known as electromagnetic hypersensitivity — may experience perceived relief from symptoms like headaches, fatigue, and sleep disturbances. But clinical evidence for this condition remains inconclusive.

Is Sleep Impacted by Wi-Fi Signals?

Dr Sudhir Kumar, consultant neurologist at Apollo Hospitals, Hyderabad, speaking to Indian Express told that most studies on Wi-Fi radiation have been conducted on animals. “There’s no conclusive evidence that Wi-Fi disrupts melatonin production from the pineal gland or interferes with human sleep,” he says.

He explains that Wi-Fi routers typically operate at 2.4 GHz or 5 GHz frequencies, which emit far less energy than a mobile phone held close to the head. At common indoor distances (1–2 metres), the signal strength drops significantly, making it unlikely to influence melatonin or sleep in any measurable way.

The Real Sleep Disruptor: Screen Time

Interestingly, both doctors agree that if anything is affecting sleep, it’s likely the screen time, not the router itself. Blue light emitted from phones, tablets, and laptops interferes with the pineal gland and suppresses melatonin — the hormone that regulates the sleep-wake cycle.

“Disabling Wi-Fi might reduce digital engagement, particularly screen exposure late at night. That can indirectly improve melatonin production and sleep quality,” says Dr Reddy.

Better Sleep Hygiene, Not Less Radiation

While switching off your Wi-Fi router for seven nights won’t likely cause direct changes in your brain or body, it may lead to better bedtime routines. Less internet access could mean fewer late-night scrolls, reduced digital distractions, and an earlier wind-down — all of which support better sleep hygiene.

“Quality sleep enhances everything from mood and cognitive function to immune health,” Dr Reddy noted.

What Does The Study Say?

As per the 2020 study published in the International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health, titled: Spending the night next to a router – Results from the first human experimental study investigating the impact of Wi-Fi exposure on sleep, a night of Wi-Fi exposure doesn’t seem to cause sleep problems for healthy young men — but it might make very subtle changes in brain activity that scientists are still trying to understand.

How Was The Study Conducted?

Researchers studied how Wi-Fi exposure might affect sleep. They invited 34 healthy young men (average age around 24) to stay in a sleep lab for five nights. The first night helped them get used to the lab. Then, they had two test nights — each one following a “normal” night to compare results.

During the test nights, some participants were exposed to Wi-Fi signals (at 2.45 GHz, like your home router), while others got fake (sham) signals. The researchers didn’t tell the participants which one they were getting. Sleep was measured in two ways:

Subjective sleep: How well participants felt they slept (through a questionnaire).

Objective sleep: What actually happened in their brains and bodies during sleep (measured using special equipment called polysomnography).

What They Found

The Wi-Fi signals did not cause any major or noticeable effects on:

• How well participants thought they slept
• The general structure and stages of their sleep (called sleep macrostructure)

However, a detailed look at brain activity showed a small change:

There was a slight decrease in brain wave activity in the alpha frequency range (8–11.75 Hz) during deep (non-REM) sleep when Wi-Fi was on. This change is called a reduction in EEG alpha power.

What It Means

Wi-Fi signals didn’t seem to change how people felt they slept or the main parts of their sleep.

There was a small, measurable brain activity change, but it’s unclear if this has any real impact on health or sleep quality.

Gardening preserves cognitive function and may also help prevent neurodegenerative diseases like Dementia, Parkinson's Disease, among others. A new study, which was conducted by researchers in the UK, showed that those who grew and nurtured plants as well as lived in greener environments slowed down their cognitive decline. Intrestingly, there is already enough empirical evidence that shows plants reduce stress and improve memory and recall.

It is because of this that many countries have care farms, which get their name from the way they serve people's impulses to work and connect with others. Speaking to the BBC, Henreitte Bringsjord, whose parents founded one of such farms, said, "My mum and dad loved farm work, and they thought about how hard it is for people with dementia to stop working and lose their social life. So, they wanted to help people with dementia become a part of life again."

How Do Plants Help You Boost Neurological Pathways?

The study, which was published in the Journal of Environmental Psychology, stated that nature can significantly increase physical activity and social connection while reducing stress, which has multiple positive knock-on effects such as blood pressure, blood sugar control and healthy weight. According to health experts, physical activities really have immense health benefits, but gardening surcharges those.

To test the same, researchers from the University of Edinburgh investigated if there might be a link between gardening and changes in our intelligence over our lifetimes. The study compared the intelligence test scores of participants at age 11 and age 79. All the participants in the study were residents of Edinburgh and were traced throughout their lifetimes. Of the 467 people tested, almost 31 per cent had never gardened, but 43 per cent regularly did. The results showed that those who spent time gardening showed greater lifetime improvement in their cognitive ability than those who never or rarely did. "Between the ages of 79 and 90, cognitive ability, including memory, problem solving, and word fluency, generally declined across the board, but the earlier advantage of gardeners endured", researchers of the study said.

Besides gardening, these are the activities that can also help you boost cognitive health.

1. Physical Exercise: Improves blood flow to the brain and promotes neurogenesis.

2. Mental Exercises: Engaging in puzzles, chess, and memory games enhances problem-solving skills and memory.

3. Reading and Learning: Reading diverse materials or learning a new language strengthens neural connections.

4. Playing Musical Instruments: Enhances cognitive processing and coordination.

5. Social Interactions: Meaningful conversations and group activities stimulate cognitive and emotional processing.

6. Mindfulness and Meditation: Reduces stress and improves focus and attention span.

7. Adequate Sleep: Supports memory consolidation and cognitive function.

8. Healthy Diet: Consuming foods rich in omega-3s, antioxidants, and vitamins promotes brain health.

9. Hobbies and New Skills: Learning new skills or hobbies keeps the brain active and engaged.

10. Cognitive Training Apps: Apps designed for memory and focus training can provide structured mental workouts.

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