Health and Me

Riya Baibhawi

AI Tool Developed To Identify Alternative Antibiotics For Drug-Resistant Infections

As <span>antimicrobial resistance</span> (AMR) continues to threaten global health, a collaborative team of researchers from France and India has introduced a cutting-edge <span>artificial intelligence</span> (AI)-based method to help tackle the problem. The innovative system, developed jointly by Inria Saclay in France and the Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology Delhi (IIIT-Delhi), is designed to recommend alternative <span>antibiotics</span> for treating drug-resistant bacterial infections, using the principle of repurposing existing drugs.

AMR arises when bacteria evolve to withstand antibiotics that once killed them. This makes routine infections such as urinary tract infections, pneumonia, and wound infections more difficult—and sometimes impossible—to treat. According to recent data, more than 70% of hospital-acquired infections in low- and middle-income countries are resistant to at least one commonly used antibiotic, posing serious challenges to public health systems.

The traditional route of developing new antibiotics is often slow, costly, and uncertain, taking over a decade and massive financial resources. In light of these limitations, the scientific community is increasingly turning to drug repositioning—finding new uses for existing medicines—as a more feasible solution.

In this context, the AI-based system developed by the France-India research team could mark a breakthrough. Led by Dr. Emilie Chouzenoux from Inria Saclay and Dr. Angshul Majumdar from IIIT-Delhi, the project also involves research engineer Stuti Jain and graduate students Kriti Kumar and Sayantika Chatterjee.

The team’s AI model uses a hybrid machine learning approach, moving beyond fixed rule-based systems. It draws on real-world clinical data, including antibiotic usage protocols sourced from top Indian hospitals, offering a nuanced view of current treatment practices. The system is further enriched by molecular data—such as bacterial genome sequences and chemical profiles of antibiotics—to pinpoint lesser-known or underutilised drugs that may prove effective against resistant strains.

The AI method was tested in case studies involving multidrug-resistant bacteria like Klebsiella pneumoniae, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis—organisms known for causing hospital infections, sexually transmitted diseases, and tuberculosis. In each scenario, the AI tool suggested potentially effective antibiotics, which were then validated against existing resistance databases and expert evaluations.

“This is an excellent example of how AI and international collaboration can come together to solve real-world medical challenges,” said Dr. Majumdar. “Our method enables smarter, faster decision-making using existing knowledge, and brings us closer to curbing the global AMR threat.”

The researchers believe the AI system could be especially useful in hospitals and public health settings, helping doctors and microbiologists reduce treatment delays while promoting more responsible antibiotic use. It may also prove beneficial in regions with limited diagnostic capabilities, offering clinical support where resources are scarce.

With further development, the team envisions the tool becoming part of routine infection management, enhancing antibiotic stewardship and contributing to the global fight against antimicrobial resistance. 

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Antimicrobial resistance

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AI tool to combat Antimicrobial resistance

drug resistant bacterial infections

Antibiotics

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As antimicrobial resistance (AMR) continues to threaten global health, a collaborative team of researchers from France and India has introduced a cutting-edge artificial intelligence (AI)-based method to help tackle the problem. The innovative system, developed jointly by Inria Saclay in France and the Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology Delhi (IIIT-Delhi), is designed to recommend alternative antibiotics for treating drug-resistant bacterial infections, using the principle of repurposing existing drugs.AMR arises when bacteria evolve to withstand antibiotics that once killed them. This makes routine infections such as urinary tract infections, pneumonia, and wound infections more difficult—and sometimes impossible—to treat. According to recent data, more than 70% of hospital-acquired infections in low- and middle-income countries are resistant to at least one commonly used antibiotic, posing serious challenges to public health systems.The traditional route of developing new antibiotics is often slow, costly, and uncertain, taking over a decade and massive financial resources. In light of these limitations, the scientific community is increasingly turning to drug repositioning—finding new uses for existing medicines—as a more feasible solution.In this context, the AI-based system developed by the France-India research team could mark a breakthrough. Led by Dr. Emilie Chouzenoux from Inria Saclay and Dr. Angshul Majumdar from IIIT-Delhi, the project also involves research engineer Stuti Jain and graduate students Kriti Kumar and Sayantika Chatterjee.The team’s AI model uses a hybrid machine learning approach, moving beyond fixed rule-based systems. It draws on real-world clinical data, including antibiotic usage protocols sourced from top Indian hospitals, offering a nuanced view of current treatment practices. The system is further enriched by molecular data—such as bacterial genome sequences and chemical profiles of antibiotics—to pinpoint lesser-known or underutilised drugs that may prove effective against resistant strains.The AI method was tested in case studies involving multidrug-resistant bacteria like Klebsiella pneumoniae, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis—organisms known for causing hospital infections, sexually transmitted diseases, and tuberculosis. In each scenario, the AI tool suggested potentially effective antibiotics, which were then validated against existing resistance databases and expert evaluations.“This is an excellent example of how AI and international collaboration can come together to solve real-world medical challenges,” said Dr. Majumdar. “Our method enables smarter, faster decision-making using existing knowledge, and brings us closer to curbing the global AMR threat.”The researchers believe the AI system could be especially useful in hospitals and public health settings, helping doctors and microbiologists reduce treatment delays while promoting more responsible antibiotic use. It may also prove beneficial in regions with limited diagnostic capabilities, offering clinical support where resources are scarce.With further development, the team envisions the tool becoming part of routine infection management, enhancing antibiotic stewardship and contributing to the global fight against antimicrobial resistance. 

ai tool developed to identify alternative antibiotics for drug-resistant infections

Tanya Dutt

FDA Approves New COVID Vaccine But Not Everyone Qualifies

fda approves new covid vaccine but not everyone qualifies

COVID Cases Rise In US, Trump Administration To Alter Vaccine Policy

covid cases rise in us, trump administration to alter vaccine policy

Influenza Raises Heart Attack Risk By 6X– Here's Another Reason To Get Your Flu Shot

influenza raises heart attack risk by 6x– here's another reason to get your flu shot

In a breakthrough new public health initiative, England will be the world's first country to implement a vaccine against gonorrhoea—a milestone in the battle against sexually transmitted diseases (<span>STIs</span>) and antibiotic resistance. The UK's National Health Service (NHS) has announced that from August 1, 2025, there will be a phased deployment of the vaccine to England through local <span>sexual health</span> services.

The programme, hailed as a “landmark moment for sexual health,” arrives amid a worrying surge in gonorrhoea cases and increasing concerns over drug-resistant strains. So, who qualifies, how effective is the vaccine, and what does this mean for STI prevention globally? Here's a detailed breakdown.

Gonorrhoea is the second most prevalent bacterial STI in the UK, and it's increasing. England reported more than 85,000 cases in 2023—the highest ever since records started in 1918. Although gonorrhoea can be treated with antibiotics, the bacteria responsible for it—Neisseria gonorrhoeae—have increasingly developed resistance to first-line treatments like ceftriaxone, threatening the prospect of untreatable infection.

Symptoms of gonorrhoea may vary from discharge and dysuria to lower abdominal pain and rectal pain. However, most individuals remain asymptomatic and spread the infection unknowingly. With increasing transmission rates among high-risk groups, the imperative for preventive measures has never been more evident.

<h2>What is The New Vaccine for Gonorrhoea?</h2>

Astonishingly, the <span>gonorrhoea vaccine</span> is not a new invention. It is called 4CMenB and is already used to give protection against meningococcal group B disease, a severe bacterial illness that causes meningitis and sepsis. The vaccine is included in the UK schedule for routine childhood immunization and is given at eight weeks, 16 weeks, and one year old.

<h2>How Does It Protect Against Gonorrhoea?</h2>

The vaccine includes proteins of Neisseria meningitidis—the causative agent of meningitis—which are genetically close to Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Such cross-reactivity is considered to provide immunity to some extent against gonorrhoea. The UK's Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation (JCVI) studies estimate it to be 32.7% to 42% effective. It is no silver bullet, but it's a major breakthrough in STI prevention given that previous infection with gonorrhoea provides minimal or no immunity.

<h2>Who Is Eligible for the Vaccine?</h2>

The rollout will not be universal—at least for now. Rather, it will focus on groups who are most vulnerable. These include gay and bisexual men who have had multiple sexual partners or have a history of previous STIs. The people who qualify will be invited by local sexual health services and vaccinated from this August.

Along with the gonorrhoea vaccine, patients will receive mpox (previously monkeypox), human papillomavirus (HPV), and hepatitis A and B immunizations—completing an all-encompassing STI prevention package.

The vaccine rollout is not merely about cutting down on infections—it's also a pre-emptive move against antibiotic-resistant gonorrhoea. Between January 2024 and March 2025, the UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) noted 17 instances of ceftriaxone-resistant gonorrhoea, of which nine were extensively drug-resistant (XDR). These statistics are worrying and highlight the necessity of non-antibiotic alternatives to infection control.

As Dr. Amanda Doyle, NHS England's national director of primary care and community services, put it, "This rollout is a big step forward. Not only will it keep people safe, but it also prevents the spread of resistant bacteria—one of the biggest threats to medicine today."

If uptake is high, projections from Imperial College London suggest the programme could prevent over 100,000 cases and save the NHS nearly £8 million over the next decade. But its success could reverberate well beyond the UK. Other nations—including Scotland and Northern Ireland—are already evaluating similar plans. Should the vaccine prove successful, it could pave the way for global STI immunization strategies.

However, experts caution that unknowns exist. How long does immunity last? Will booster shots be needed? As the data rolls in in the real world after launch, these questions will hopefully be answered.

<h2>Can STIs Be Prevented Through Vaccines?</h2>

The gonorrhoea vaccine is part of a small but expanding list of immunizations to prevent STIs. To date, there are highly effective vaccines for HPV, hepatitis A, and hepatitis B. These are administered routinely to risk groups and have greatly decreased infection where they have been introduced.

But vaccines against bacterial STIs such as chlamydia and syphilis are still out of reach, and there is no vaccine for HIV or hepatitis C. Prevention must continue to rest on safe sex habits, routine screening, and antibiotic therapy—so the arrival of the gonorrhoea vaccine is an important step in filling an enormous gap in sexual health protection.

Although not a magic bullet, the first ever gonorrhoea vaccine programme is a public health triumph. And by being the first nation to introduce such an initiative, England is pioneering a move that has the potential to revolutionise STI prevention worldwide.

sexual health

sexually transmitted infections

stis

gonorrhoea vaccine

sti surge 2025

4cmenb gonorrhoea

nhs gonorrhoea jab

england sti vaccination

antibiotic resistant gonorrhoea

sexual health uk

In a breakthrough new public health initiative, England will be the world's first country to implement a vaccine against gonorrhoea—a milestone in the battle against sexually transmitted diseases (STIs) and antibiotic resistance. The UK's National Health Service (NHS) has announced that from August 1, 2025, there will be a phased deployment of the vaccine to England through local sexual health services.The programme, hailed as a “landmark moment for sexual health,” arrives amid a worrying surge in gonorrhoea cases and increasing concerns over drug-resistant strains. So, who qualifies, how effective is the vaccine, and what does this mean for STI prevention globally? Here's a detailed breakdown.Gonorrhoea is the second most prevalent bacterial STI in the UK, and it's increasing. England reported more than 85,000 cases in 2023—the highest ever since records started in 1918. Although gonorrhoea can be treated with antibiotics, the bacteria responsible for it—Neisseria gonorrhoeae—have increasingly developed resistance to first-line treatments like ceftriaxone, threatening the prospect of untreatable infection.Symptoms of gonorrhoea may vary from discharge and dysuria to lower abdominal pain and rectal pain. However, most individuals remain asymptomatic and spread the infection unknowingly. With increasing transmission rates among high-risk groups, the imperative for preventive measures has never been more evident.What is The New Vaccine for Gonorrhoea?Astonishingly, the gonorrhoea vaccine is not a new invention. It is called 4CMenB and is already used to give protection against meningococcal group B disease, a severe bacterial illness that causes meningitis and sepsis. The vaccine is included in the UK schedule for routine childhood immunization and is given at eight weeks, 16 weeks, and one year old.How Does It Protect Against Gonorrhoea?The vaccine includes proteins of Neisseria meningitidis—the causative agent of meningitis—which are genetically close to Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Such cross-reactivity is considered to provide immunity to some extent against gonorrhoea. The UK's Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation (JCVI) studies estimate it to be 32.7% to 42% effective. It is no silver bullet, but it's a major breakthrough in STI prevention given that previous infection with gonorrhoea provides minimal or no immunity.Who Is Eligible for the Vaccine?The rollout will not be universal—at least for now. Rather, it will focus on groups who are most vulnerable. These include gay and bisexual men who have had multiple sexual partners or have a history of previous STIs. The people who qualify will be invited by local sexual health services and vaccinated from this August.Along with the gonorrhoea vaccine, patients will receive mpox (previously monkeypox), human papillomavirus (HPV), and hepatitis A and B immunizations—completing an all-encompassing STI prevention package.The vaccine rollout is not merely about cutting down on infections—it's also a pre-emptive move against antibiotic-resistant gonorrhoea. Between January 2024 and March 2025, the UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) noted 17 instances of ceftriaxone-resistant gonorrhoea, of which nine were extensively drug-resistant (XDR). These statistics are worrying and highlight the necessity of non-antibiotic alternatives to infection control.As Dr. Amanda Doyle, NHS England's national director of primary care and community services, put it, "This rollout is a big step forward. Not only will it keep people safe, but it also prevents the spread of resistant bacteria—one of the biggest threats to medicine today."If uptake is high, projections from Imperial College London suggest the programme could prevent over 100,000 cases and save the NHS nearly £8 million over the next decade. But its success could reverberate well beyond the UK. Other nations—including Scotland and Northern Ireland—are already evaluating similar plans. Should the vaccine prove successful, it could pave the way for global STI immunization strategies.However, experts caution that unknowns exist. How long does immunity last? Will booster shots be needed? As the data rolls in in the real world after launch, these questions will hopefully be answered.Can STIs Be Prevented Through Vaccines?The gonorrhoea vaccine is part of a small but expanding list of immunizations to prevent STIs. To date, there are highly effective vaccines for HPV, hepatitis A, and hepatitis B. These are administered routinely to risk groups and have greatly decreased infection where they have been introduced.But vaccines against bacterial STIs such as chlamydia and syphilis are still out of reach, and there is no vaccine for HIV or hepatitis C. Prevention must continue to rest on safe sex habits, routine screening, and antibiotic therapy—so the arrival of the gonorrhoea vaccine is an important step in filling an enormous gap in sexual health protection.Although not a magic bullet, the first ever gonorrhoea vaccine programme is a public health triumph. And by being the first nation to introduce such an initiative, England is pioneering a move that has the potential to revolutionise STI prevention worldwide.

world’s first gonorrhoea vaccine rolled out in england amid sti surge- how does it help in treatment?

Joe Biden Is Diagnosed With Aggressive Prostate Cancer: All That You Need To Know

joe biden is diagnosed with aggressive prostate cancer: all that you need to know

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Former US President <span>Joe Biden</span>'s office confirmed on Sunday that he has been diagnosed with <span>prostate cancer</span>. Earlier, a small nodule was found in his prostate gland, however, not much had been revealed about his medical evaluation. It was last week when Biden went to see the doctors after urinary symptoms, and a prostate nodule was found. He was then diagnosed with prostate <span>cancer</span> on Friday, with the doctors revealing that the cancer cells have spread to the bone. 

Last month, Former Deputy PM of Australia and Nationals MP Barnaby Joyce said that he had been diagnosed with prostate cancer. Joyce, who was recently re-elected to his New England seat, underwent surgery following the diagnosis. This is not it, earlier in February, British monarch King Charles III was diagnosed with enlargement of his prostate glands (also known as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), for which he was treated. While undergoing treatment for this condition, he was also diagnosed with cancer. The cancer was not prostate cancer but was discovered during the course of treatment for the enlarged prostate.

So are there any signs and symptoms of prostate cancer that can go ignored? According to health experts, the answer is yes. Here's a list of symptoms that must be paid attention to: 

Frequent Urination, Especially at Night: An increased need to urinate, particularly during nighttime hours, can be an early indicator. This symptom may be overlooked or attributed to ageing or other benign conditions.

Difficulty Starting or Stopping Urination: Experiencing trouble initiating or halting the flow of urine might suggest prostate issues. This can be subtle and often goes unnoticed until it becomes more pronounced.

Weak or Interrupted Urine Flow: A decrease in the strength of the urine stream or a flow that starts and stops can be a sign of prostate enlargement or cancer. Men may dismiss this as a normal part of ageing.

Blood in Urine or Semen: The presence of blood in urine or semen is a more noticeable symptom, but can still be overlooked or attributed to other causes. It's essential to consult a healthcare provider if this occurs.

Persistent Pain in the Lower Back, Hips, or Thighs: Ongoing discomfort or pain in these areas may indicate that prostate cancer has spread. Such pain is often mistaken for muscle strain or arthritis.

<h2>What Do We Know About Prostate Cancer?</h2>

Prostate cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when malignant cells form in the prostate gland, which is a walnut-sized gland in the male reproductive system. Prostate cancer treatment guidelines have shifted their path a bit in recent years, with many men opting for active surveillance rather than immediate treatment for slow-growing tumours. However, about 50% of men on "watchful waiting" will require further treatment within 5 years because of the tumour progression. 

Prostate Cancer

joe biden

Joe Biden PROSTATE CANCER

PROSTATE CANCER SYMPTOMS

cancer

Common symptoms of prostate Cancer

Former US President Joe Biden's office confirmed on Sunday that he has been diagnosed with prostate cancer. Earlier, a small nodule was found in his prostate gland, however, not much had been revealed about his medical evaluation. It was last week when Biden went to see the doctors after urinary symptoms, and a prostate nodule was found. He was then diagnosed with prostate cancer on Friday, with the doctors revealing that the cancer cells have spread to the bone. Last month, Former Deputy PM of Australia and Nationals MP Barnaby Joyce said that he had been diagnosed with prostate cancer. Joyce, who was recently re-elected to his New England seat, underwent surgery following the diagnosis. This is not it, earlier in February, British monarch King Charles III was diagnosed with enlargement of his prostate glands (also known as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), for which he was treated. While undergoing treatment for this condition, he was also diagnosed with cancer. The cancer was not prostate cancer but was discovered during the course of treatment for the enlarged prostate.So are there any signs and symptoms of prostate cancer that can go ignored? According to health experts, the answer is yes. Here's a list of symptoms that must be paid attention to: Frequent Urination, Especially at Night: An increased need to urinate, particularly during nighttime hours, can be an early indicator. This symptom may be overlooked or attributed to ageing or other benign conditions.Difficulty Starting or Stopping Urination: Experiencing trouble initiating or halting the flow of urine might suggest prostate issues. This can be subtle and often goes unnoticed until it becomes more pronounced.Weak or Interrupted Urine Flow: A decrease in the strength of the urine stream or a flow that starts and stops can be a sign of prostate enlargement or cancer. Men may dismiss this as a normal part of ageing.Blood in Urine or Semen: The presence of blood in urine or semen is a more noticeable symptom, but can still be overlooked or attributed to other causes. It's essential to consult a healthcare provider if this occurs.Persistent Pain in the Lower Back, Hips, or Thighs: Ongoing discomfort or pain in these areas may indicate that prostate cancer has spread. Such pain is often mistaken for muscle strain or arthritis.What Do We Know About Prostate Cancer?Prostate cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when malignant cells form in the prostate gland, which is a walnut-sized gland in the male reproductive system. Prostate cancer treatment guidelines have shifted their path a bit in recent years, with many men opting for active surveillance rather than immediate treatment for slow-growing tumours. However, about 50% of men on "watchful waiting" will require further treatment within 5 years because of the tumour progression. 

5 early symptoms of prostate cancer that shouldn't be overlooked

Aarushi Bhadury

257 Active Cases of COVID-19 In India - What Is The New Strain And Safety Guidelines To Follow?

COVID-19 Update: 257 Active Cases In India, 2 New Deaths In Mumbai

Covid Cases Surge In Singapore: What Do We Know About The New Variant On The Loose?

covid cases surge in singapore: what do we know about the new variant on the loose?

Longest Covid Infection Reported Lasted 505 Days Nonstop; What Are Persistent Infections?

longest covid infection reported lasted 505 days nonstop; what are persistent infections?

With cases rising in countries like Singapore, Hong Kong, China and Thailand experts have warned against the new JN.1 variant of Omicron, which is causing the current spike. The new <span>COVID</span> wave has highlighted the JN.1 variant of Omicron, which is causing the current spike in the numbers. With 257 active cases in India, the conversation regarding safety, new guidelines and health concerns have begun. 

<h2>Initial Rise In <span rel="noindex">COVID-19</span> Cases </h2>

The infections in Singapore increased to over 14,000 in early May, when previously the numbers had been 11,100 in the last week of April. This rise in numbers was due to the two subvariants of JN.1 namely LF.7 and NB.1.8. Experts have mentioned that India could face a similar wave as the immunity of the population decreases. 

Currently, in India, while the situation is nor dire, more cases are being reported. Kerala has the most cases with 69, followed by Maharashtra with 44, and Tamil Nadu with 34. Other states such as Karnataka, Gujarat, Delhi, Haryana, Rajasthan, and Sikkim have also reported new infections. The two COVID-19 related deaths have been confirmed at KEM Hospital in Mumbai, causing some concern locally in that area. However, an important thing to note is that these cases had previously confirmed critical illnesses, one patient suffering with nephrotic syndrome, while the other was a cancer patient. 

Health experts from important groups like the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) and the National Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) have stated that India's overall situation is still under control. 

<h2>What Is JN.1 Variant of Omicron? </h2>

According to John Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, a new variant called JN.1 has emerged. It's a "child" of BA.2.86. JN.1 has one or two new mutations that are able to surpass immunity and are thus spreading easily. 

COVID-19 variant called BA.2.86, which is a sub-variant of Omicron appeared in late 2023. Scientists noticed it because it had around 30 more changes, or mutations, in comparison to other variants. These mutations helped it to better avoid our body's defenses, or immunity. 

However, BA.2.86 never became the most common variant in late summer or early fall of 2023. 

<h2>What Are The Symptoms of JN.1 COVID Strain?</h2>

The symptoms observed in the current COVID-19 wave differ slightly from earlier strains. While cough and sore throat remain prevalent, new symptoms include nausea, vomiting, brain fog, and eye irritation (conjunctivitis). The JN.1 variant, specifically, presents symptoms similar to previous COVID-19 strains like dry cough, fever, sore throat, fatigue, and loss of taste or smell, but reports from institutions like Johns Hopkins suggest it may be more likely to cause gastrointestinal issues, especially diarrhea. 

<h2>Do We Need Booster Shots For Safety? </h2>

Even though the current number of cases is low, it's really important to keep watching the situation closely. According to the New England Journal of Medicine, the U.S. has recommended yearly COVID-19 boosters for almost everyone, unlike Europe which limits recommendations to older or high-risk individuals. However, many Americans and healthcare workers haven't been getting these boosters, and general trust in vaccines is falling. 

Moving forward, the FDA is changing its approach. They will approve COVID-19 vaccines for those over 65 and anyone over 6 months old with high-risk health conditions, based on how well the vaccine helps the body create antibodies. For healthy people aged 6 months to 64 years, the FDA will require more rigorous studies (randomized controlled trials) to show the actual clinical benefits before approving boosters. 

Around the world, Singapore has seen a 28% jump in its weekly COVID-19 cases. Hong Kong also recently reported 31 COVID-related deaths, which is its highest number in a year. Experts are advising people in India to be careful. They are urging everyone to follow safety rules, especially in crowded or risky places, to avoid any problems. 

<h2>Core Preventive Strategies For COVID-19 </h2>

While there have been no urgent changes to the guidelines regarding preventive measures of covid, here are the core strategies for prevention one must partake in according to the Centers Of Disease Control and Prevention. 

Stay current on COVID-19 vaccines, practice good hygiene, and improve indoor air quality to reduce germ spread. If sick, isolate yourself and know when to safely resume activities. Consider masking and social distancing, and seek prompt medical care if at higher risk for severe illness. 

COVID

singapore covid 19 cases india

corona news today

corona cases in india today

coronavirus india

corona cases

covid 19 cases in india

COVID-19

With cases rising in countries like Singapore, Hong Kong, China and Thailand experts have warned against the new JN.1 variant of Omicron, which is causing the current spike. The new COVID wave has highlighted the JN.1 variant of Omicron, which is causing the current spike in the numbers. With 257 active cases in India, the conversation regarding safety, new guidelines and health concerns have begun. Initial Rise In COVID-19 Cases The infections in Singapore increased to over 14,000 in early May, when previously the numbers had been 11,100 in the last week of April. This rise in numbers was due to the two subvariants of JN.1 namely LF.7 and NB.1.8. Experts have mentioned that India could face a similar wave as the immunity of the population decreases. Currently, in India, while the situation is nor dire, more cases are being reported. Kerala has the most cases with 69, followed by Maharashtra with 44, and Tamil Nadu with 34. Other states such as Karnataka, Gujarat, Delhi, Haryana, Rajasthan, and Sikkim have also reported new infections. The two COVID-19 related deaths have been confirmed at KEM Hospital in Mumbai, causing some concern locally in that area. However, an important thing to note is that these cases had previously confirmed critical illnesses, one patient suffering with nephrotic syndrome, while the other was a cancer patient. Health experts from important groups like the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) and the National Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) have stated that India's overall situation is still under control. What Is JN.1 Variant of Omicron? According to John Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, a new variant called JN.1 has emerged. It's a "child" of BA.2.86. JN.1 has one or two new mutations that are able to surpass immunity and are thus spreading easily. COVID-19 variant called BA.2.86, which is a sub-variant of Omicron appeared in late 2023. Scientists noticed it because it had around 30 more changes, or mutations, in comparison to other variants. These mutations helped it to better avoid our body's defenses, or immunity. However, BA.2.86 never became the most common variant in late summer or early fall of 2023. What Are The Symptoms of JN.1 COVID Strain?The symptoms observed in the current COVID-19 wave differ slightly from earlier strains. While cough and sore throat remain prevalent, new symptoms include nausea, vomiting, brain fog, and eye irritation (conjunctivitis). The JN.1 variant, specifically, presents symptoms similar to previous COVID-19 strains like dry cough, fever, sore throat, fatigue, and loss of taste or smell, but reports from institutions like Johns Hopkins suggest it may be more likely to cause gastrointestinal issues, especially diarrhea. Do We Need Booster Shots For Safety? Even though the current number of cases is low, it's really important to keep watching the situation closely. According to the New England Journal of Medicine, the U.S. has recommended yearly COVID-19 boosters for almost everyone, unlike Europe which limits recommendations to older or high-risk individuals. However, many Americans and healthcare workers haven't been getting these boosters, and general trust in vaccines is falling. Moving forward, the FDA is changing its approach. They will approve COVID-19 vaccines for those over 65 and anyone over 6 months old with high-risk health conditions, based on how well the vaccine helps the body create antibodies. For healthy people aged 6 months to 64 years, the FDA will require more rigorous studies (randomized controlled trials) to show the actual clinical benefits before approving boosters. State Of COVID –19 Globally Around the world, Singapore has seen a 28% jump in its weekly COVID-19 cases. Hong Kong also recently reported 31 COVID-related deaths, which is its highest number in a year. Experts are advising people in India to be careful. They are urging everyone to follow safety rules, especially in crowded or risky places, to avoid any problems. Core Preventive Strategies For COVID-19 While there have been no urgent changes to the guidelines regarding preventive measures of covid, here are the core strategies for prevention one must partake in according to the Centers Of Disease Control and Prevention. Stay current on COVID-19 vaccines, practice good hygiene, and improve indoor air quality to reduce germ spread. If sick, isolate yourself and know when to safely resume activities. Consider masking and social distancing, and seek prompt medical care if at higher risk for severe illness. 

covid-19 update: 257 active cases in india, 2 new deaths in mumbai

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World’s First Gonorrhoea Vaccine Rolled Out In England Amid STI Surge- How Does It Help In Treatment?

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World’s First Gonorrhoea Vaccine Rolled Out In England Amid STI Surge- How Does It Help In Treatment?

5 Early Symptoms Of Prostate Cancer That Shouldn't Be Overlooked