Every parent waits eagerly for the day their child takes those wobbly first steps. For many, it's more than just a motor milestone—it’s symbolic of growth, independence, and progress. While the typical age range for walking spans from 8 to 24 months, the reason why some children walk earlier than others has remained an enigma—until now.New research from a team of scientists across the University of Surrey and the University of Essex, published in Nature Human Behaviour, reveals that genetics may be a key player in determining when babies begin to walk. The study, one of the largest of its kind, analyzed genetic data from over 70,000 infants and found that nearly a quarter of the variation in the age at which children begin to walk can be explained by their DNA.The onset of walking, termed Age of Onset of Walking (AOW) is widely recognized as a clinical marker for brain and behavioral development. Researchers conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) that examined the DNA of infants from four major European-ancestry cohorts, including the United Kingdom Medical Research Council, the Netherlands Twin Register, and the Norwegian MoBa cohort.What they uncovered was striking- 2,525 significant genetic variants were associated with AOW, of which 11 loci remained statistically robust. Among these, certain genes were found to be strongly expressed in the brain, particularly in areas responsible for motor control like the cortex, cerebellum, and basal ganglia.Further analysis revealed that walking later but still within the typical developmental window—was genetically linked to higher cognitive performance and reduced risk for ADHD. This suggests that a child who walks later might actually be developing brain functions that support focus and learning.Why Walking is More a Brain Activity than Muscle?The act of walking involves a complex interplay between muscles, balance, sensory feedback, and brain coordination. The study showed that many of the genes related to delayed walking were also enriched in processes involving neuron generation and neurogenesis—the very building blocks of brain function.Interestingly, the researchers also identified overlaps between walking onset genes and those associated with autism, intellectual disability, and educational attainment. This does not mean that walking later is a cause for concern; rather, it highlights how intertwined motor milestones are with broader neurological development.Moreover, the polygenic scores—an estimate of genetic predisposition—were found to correlate with brain volume and cortical folding patterns in neonatal MRI scans. This reinforces the notion that motor development may reflect deeper, genetically driven processes within the brain.Is Late Walking a Warning Sign?While delayed walking can sometimes point to developmental disorders, most late walkers fall within the wide spectrum of normal development. According to Professor Angelica Ronald, a senior researcher on the study, “Only a minority of late walkers have underlying neurological abnormalities. In most cases, the timing is just one part of the child’s individual developmental rhythm.”Still, the 18-month mark remains an important pediatric checkpoint. Children who haven’t begun walking independently by then may benefit from a medical evaluation to rule out conditions like cerebral palsy, muscular dystrophy, or developmental coordination disorder.Although genetics play a significant role, they are only one part of the story. Environmental influences—such as nutrition, gestational age, opportunity to practice movement, and cultural norms—also shape when a child learns to walk. For instance, children in cultures that emphasize early motor training often walk sooner, regardless of genetic predispositions.Moreover, the researchers noted that their findings, while robust, were limited to populations of European ancestry. Future studies including diverse populations will help uncover whether these genetic markers are universally applicable or ethnicity-specific.This study provides more than just a scientific breakthrough—it offers reassurance. Your baby’s timeline isn’t a race, and walking “late” might simply reflect a different kind of neurological development in progress.Recognizing Baby Walking StylesBabies have their own unique walking styles, and many are completely normal as their muscles and bones develop:The Toddle: A wide-legged, deliberate style that becomes smoother over time.The Cowboy: Bow-legged with knees apart and ankles together—a temporary phase.The Duck: “Out-toeing” or “in-toeing” where toes point outward or inward; usually resolves with growth.Toe Walking: Walking on tiptoes, common in early stages of walking.Tips to Encourage Your Baby to WalkAlongside a baby’s first smile and first word, those very first steps are a big deal. For many parents, it's an eagerly awaited milestone—camera in hand, ready to capture the magic. But behind those few wobbly steps lies months of motor development: sitting, rolling, crawling, and standing. And as this moment approaches, it’s natural to wonder—are they walking differently than other kids? Is there a way to help them along?Here are six practical and parent-approved tips to gently support and encourage your baby’s walking journey:1. Let Them Go BarefootWhile baby shoes are adorable, barefoot is best during those initial walking phases. Walking is a complex task, requiring your baby’s bones, tendons, and muscles to adjust and work in sync. Bare feet help your child better sense their footing and improve balance—crucial in building confidence and coordination.2. Use Toys as MotivationEncouragement can come in the form of fun! Hold out a toy—or even the irresistible TV remote—just out of reach to motivate your baby to take a few steps. Position yourself strategically and cheer them on as they inch closer.3. Create a Furniture PathTurn your living room into a mini obstacle course by placing pieces of furniture close together. This gives your little one a safe way to “cruise” from one surface to another. As they gain confidence, increase the gap between objects to gradually build strength and independence.4. Check the FlooringSlippery surfaces can make walking harder. Avoid glossy tiles or slick laminates early on. Opt instead for carpeted areas or lay down rugs and yoga mats for better grip and safety while they’re learning.5. Pick the Right Push WalkerChoose a push-along walker like a trolley with blocks inside, instead of a sit-in, wheeled version. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) has recommended banning sit-in baby walkers due to safety concerns. Push-along types support forward movement while helping babies develop stability and control.6. Steady and Encourage Them EmotionallySupport matters. Position your baby against a stable surface and sit opposite them. Gently encourage them to move forward. Keep the mood upbeat with claps, songs, and smiles. Remember, babies mirror emotions—your confidence and joy fuel theirs. A tumble or two is normal—what matters is consistent encouragement.When to Talk to Your Pediatrician?Not all differences are concerning, but you should consult a doctor if you notice:Asymmetry: One foot dragging, or one side moving differently than the other.Frequent Falls: Some tripping is normal, but consistent stumbles could signal an issue.Signs of Pain: Limping or discomfort while walking shouldn’t be ignored.So the next time you're asked, “Is your baby walking yet?”, you can confidently say, “Not yet—and that's perfectly fine. It’s in their DNA.”Walking is not just a physical milestone—it’s a reflection of both genetics and neurodevelopment. With nearly 25% of walking-age variability explained by genetic factors, science is now rewriting the way we understand infant development, one step at a time.