Pigeon menace is not only a hygiene issue but has also led to a concerning rise in respiratory diseases, particularly in metropolitan cities. Beyond the obvious hygiene concerns related to pigeon feathers and faeces, recent research reveals that these birds are a significant cause of respiratory ailments, particularly a condition known as Bird Breeder's Lung.Bird Breeder's Lung, also referred to as allergic alveolitis, is a type of hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) triggered by an allergic reaction to bird droppings or feathers. This condition arises from exposure to the feather dander and other particles produced by birds, whether from a single pet or many birds within an aviary. Pigeons, in particular, have become a prominent source of these allergens, contributing significantly to respiratory problems in metropolitan areas where pigeon populations are high.Individuals with compromised immune systems, such as those undergoing organ transplants, living with AIDS, or undergoing chemotherapy, are particularly vulnerable to avian zoonotic diseases. These individuals not only face an increased risk of infection but may also experience more severe symptoms. In extreme cases, bird-related diseases can be fatal. It is crucial for bird owners, especially those with weakened immune systems, to inform their healthcare providers about their exposure to birds to ensure appropriate medical attention and preventive measures.The causes of Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis include:- Bird Allergens: Exposure to proteins from bird droppings and feathers is a primary trigger.- Molds and Fungi: Inhalation of mold spores and fungal elements can also lead to HP.- Chemicals: Certain chemicals, such as isocyanates found in paints and varnishes, are known causes.- Other Environmental Substances: Various environmental factors may contribute to HP if they provoke an immune response in the lungs.Treatment for Bird Breeder's Lung primarily involves avoiding exposure to bird allergens and using corticosteroids to manage inflammation. Notably, bird antigens can persist at high levels for up to 18 months even after birds have been removed from the home. This highlights the need for thorough cleaning and ongoing vigilance in managing and mitigating symptoms associated with this condition.