If boosting your endurance at the gym, improving cardiovascular health, and enhancing sexual performance are on your health agenda, you might be considering nitric oxide supplements. Nitric oxide is produced naturally by the human body and is one of the most important molecules for blood vessel health. However, some people may need supplements. But do they actually deliver on these promises? What Is Nitric Oxide?Nitric oxide is a gas that acts as a vasodilator, meaning it helps to widen blood vessels and improve blood flow. According to health experts, nitric oxide is synthesised from L-arginine, an essential amino acid. This process facilitates blood flow, enabling the body to deliver oxygen and nutrients more effectively to muscles during exercise.Nitric oxide's vasodilating properties have made it popular among those seeking to boost fitness performance. During exercise, nitric oxide helps open up small blood vessels and capillaries that typically remain dormant. This increase in blood flow can potentially support muscle function and endurance.But Should You Take Nitric Oxide Supplements?Nitric oxide supplements often don't contain the gas itself but instead include precursors like L-arginine and L-citrulline. These compounds provide the body with the building blocks for nitric oxide production, Marco Anzures, M.S., an exercise science instructor at San Diego City College told a leading news organisation. Despite their popularity, research on their effectiveness is mixed.Some studies indicate that L-arginine may improve exercise performance in untrained or moderately trained individuals but shows minimal benefit for those already highly trained. Additionally, L-citrulline has been linked to reduced muscle soreness and improved aerobic performance in smaller studies.Potential Benefits And RisksNitric oxide supplements may also help with blood pressure management due to their vasodilating effects. For those with high blood pressure, these supplements could support cardiovascular health by enhancing blood flow. Moreover, increased blood flow may aid in addressing erectile dysfunction by improving circulation to the genital area.However, Anzures warns that the evidence supporting nitric oxide supplements for heart health, exercise performance, and sexual function is inconclusive. “There is some evidence to suggest supplementation helps with endurance, but not overall performance,” he notes.The supplements are generally considered safe when taken in moderation, but side effects such as gastrointestinal discomfort, dizziness, and headaches can occur. Excessive intake may lead to severe drops in blood pressure, which could be dangerous for people with pre-existing conditions like heart disease or liver cirrhosis.Natural Sources Of Nitric OxideExperts recommend focusing on dietary sources of nitric oxide rather than supplements. Foods rich in L-arginine and L-citrulline include legumes, nuts, seeds, and red meat. Vegetables such as beets and leafy greens are also excellent sources, with studies showing that beetroot juice may enhance athletic performance and cardiovascular health.According to Natalie Rizzo, M.S., R.D., a dietitian based in New York City, "A proper diet can provide the necessary nutrients to support nitric oxide production without the potential risks associated with supplements."Bottom LineWhile nitric oxide supplements may hold some potential for enhancing exercise performance, reducing blood pressure, and supporting sexual health, the evidence is mixed, and the risks should not be overlooked. Consulting a healthcare provider before starting any supplement is advisable, especially for those with underlying health conditions.