Tanya Dutt

Genetic Factors In Longevity: Are You Predisposed To A Longer Life?

Longevity, or the ability to live a long and healthy life, is one of those subjects that has long fascinated scientists, philosophers, and the general public. Advances in healthcare, nutrition, and sanitation have greatly increased average lifespans, but genetics still plays a significant role in determining why some people live much longer than others. This article deals with the complicated interaction of genetic factors, lifestyle, and the environment on longevity, and advances cutting-edge research and its implications. 

Human life span is determined by a combination of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. Since the 1900s, environmental improvements have dramatically extended life expectancy. With clean water, better homes, reduced exposure to infectious diseases, and advanced medical care, many factors have come into play to increase it. Most importantly, public health initiatives have reduced infant mortality rates, improved child survival, and decreased the prevalence of communicable diseases.

Nowadays, life expectancy is at 80 years of age in the United States. Many people surpass that and reach the age of 90, 100, or more. Long-lived individuals include nonagenarians, centenarians, semi-supercentenarians, aged 105–109, and supercentenarians, who live more than 110 years of age. Such people give great clues on what can influence longevity.

<h2>Role of DNA Repair and Cellular Maintenance in Longevity</h2>

Genetics is undeniably a crucial factor in determining lifespan, but it is far from the sole determinant. Longevity is a complex trait influenced by multiple genes, each exerting a small but significant effect. Research has identified specific genes, such as APOE and FOXO3A, as key contributors to longevity. These genes play critical roles in cardiovascular health and cellular maintenance, both of which are essential for a long life.

Supercentenarians live many decades more than the average population and often have gene variants that promote longevity. Such variants are implicated in: 

<ul><li>DNA repair</li><li>Telomere maintenance, preserving the protective caps at the ends of chromosomes</li><li>Cellular protection from free radical damage</li></ul>

These genetic traits contribute to the body's ability to fight off age-related diseases, heart disease, stroke, and diabetes, for example. However, more important for longevity are genes influencing health in later years as a consequence of the effect of lifestyle and environmental contributions on health outcomes in the first several decades of life.

<a href="https://www.healthandme.com/health-wellness/what-are-telomeres-can-they-slow-down-ageing-article-151111655" data-type="tilCustomLink" target="_blank">Also Read: What Are Telomeres? Are They Secret To Longevity</a>

<h2>Are there Population-Specific Genetic Factors?</h2>

Interestingly, genetic determinants of longevity may differ markedly between populations. Studies indicate that some genes responsible for longevity may even be population-specific and depend upon historical, geographical, or cultural factors. This brings home the point of the necessity of genetic diversity in any longevity research and calls attention to the global nature with which the genetic basis of aging should be approached.

While genetics provides the foundation for longevity, environmental and lifestyle factors are equally important in determining how long and how well a person lives. For the first 70–80 years of life, lifestyle choices—such as diet, exercise, and avoiding harmful behaviors like smoking—play a stronger role in determining health outcomes than genetic predisposition.

For example, members of the Seventh-Day Adventist community in the United States, who adhere to a lifestyle emphasizing vegetarianism, regular exercise, and abstinence from smoking and alcohol, have an average lifespan of 88 years—nearly eight years longer than the national average. This demonstrates the profound impact of lifestyle on longevity, even among those without a genetic predisposition for long life. 

<h2>Family Ties and Exceptional Longevity</h2>

Familial studies are among the most compelling evidence for the role of genetics in longevity. Exceptional longevity is defined as living 20–30 years beyond the average lifespan, and it is known to run in families. It has been found that individuals with long-lived parents or grandparents are more likely to inherit genetic traits that either confer resistance to age-related diseases or enhance overall health.

<h2>Lifestyle Choices That Enhance Genetic Potential</h2>

Even in the context of a genetic predisposition toward longevity, lifestyle choices can either build upon or detract from the chances of reaching advanced ages. The genes related to longevity often act in concert with health-promoting behaviors such as:

- Balanced diet rich in whole foods and low in processed ingredients

- Avoid tobacco and excessive alcohol consumption

These habits not only add years to one's life but also improve quality of life by reducing the risk of chronic diseases and maintaining physical and cognitive function well into old age.

With research on longevity continuing, scientists are increasingly concentrating on understanding gene-environment interactions that determine aging. Whole-genome sequencing studies of centenarians and supercentenarians have already yielded much information on genetic variants that promote long life. More genes and pathways contributing to longevity may eventually be found, setting the stage for medical interventions to extend healthy lifespan.

Advances in personalized medicine may also allow individuals to adjust lifestyle choices according to their genetic disposition to longevity. For example, some people may opt for diets that are heart-friendly and certain exercise routines in order to battle genetic tendencies toward heart problems.

Whether longevity is mainly genetically determined is the question that cannot be answered lightly. While genetics may give the script for a long life, lifestyle and environmental factors equally make their mark in the health outcome and longevity. Exceptional longevity is usually the case of a fine balance of inherited traits and healthy habits.

Finally, although we cannot alter our genes, we have control over most of the variables that decide how long and how well we live. We can all make conscious choices to focus on health to take steps toward a longer, more fulfilling life.

<em><a href="https://academic.oup.com/genetics/article/210/3/1109/5931081" data-type="tilCustomLink" target="_blank" rel= "noopener nofollow noreferrer" target= "_blank">Estimates of the Heritability of Human Longevity Are Substantially Inflated due to Assortative Mating</a>. Genetics. 2018.</em>

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Longevity, or the ability to live a long and healthy life, is one of those subjects that has long fascinated scientists, philosophers, and the general public. Advances in healthcare, nutrition, and sanitation have greatly increased average lifespans, but genetics still plays a significant role in determining why some people live much longer than others. This article deals with the complicated interaction of genetic factors, lifestyle, and the environment on longevity, and advances cutting-edge research and its implications. Human life span is determined by a combination of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. Since the 1900s, environmental improvements have dramatically extended life expectancy. With clean water, better homes, reduced exposure to infectious diseases, and advanced medical care, many factors have come into play to increase it. Most importantly, public health initiatives have reduced infant mortality rates, improved child survival, and decreased the prevalence of communicable diseases.Nowadays, life expectancy is at 80 years of age in the United States. Many people surpass that and reach the age of 90, 100, or more. Long-lived individuals include nonagenarians, centenarians, semi-supercentenarians, aged 105–109, and supercentenarians, who live more than 110 years of age. Such people give great clues on what can influence longevity.Role of DNA Repair and Cellular Maintenance in LongevityGenetics is undeniably a crucial factor in determining lifespan, but it is far from the sole determinant. Longevity is a complex trait influenced by multiple genes, each exerting a small but significant effect. Research has identified specific genes, such as APOE and FOXO3A, as key contributors to longevity. These genes play critical roles in cardiovascular health and cellular maintenance, both of which are essential for a long life.Supercentenarians live many decades more than the average population and often have gene variants that promote longevity. Such variants are implicated in: DNA repairTelomere maintenance, preserving the protective caps at the ends of chromosomesCellular protection from free radical damageThese genetic traits contribute to the body's ability to fight off age-related diseases, heart disease, stroke, and diabetes, for example. However, more important for longevity are genes influencing health in later years as a consequence of the effect of lifestyle and environmental contributions on health outcomes in the first several decades of life.Also Read: What Are Telomeres? Are They Secret To LongevityAre there Population-Specific Genetic Factors?Interestingly, genetic determinants of longevity may differ markedly between populations. Studies indicate that some genes responsible for longevity may even be population-specific and depend upon historical, geographical, or cultural factors. This brings home the point of the necessity of genetic diversity in any longevity research and calls attention to the global nature with which the genetic basis of aging should be approached.While genetics provides the foundation for longevity, environmental and lifestyle factors are equally important in determining how long and how well a person lives. For the first 70–80 years of life, lifestyle choices—such as diet, exercise, and avoiding harmful behaviors like smoking—play a stronger role in determining health outcomes than genetic predisposition.For example, members of the Seventh-Day Adventist community in the United States, who adhere to a lifestyle emphasizing vegetarianism, regular exercise, and abstinence from smoking and alcohol, have an average lifespan of 88 years—nearly eight years longer than the national average. This demonstrates the profound impact of lifestyle on longevity, even among those without a genetic predisposition for long life. Family Ties and Exceptional LongevityFamilial studies are among the most compelling evidence for the role of genetics in longevity. Exceptional longevity is defined as living 20–30 years beyond the average lifespan, and it is known to run in families. It has been found that individuals with long-lived parents or grandparents are more likely to inherit genetic traits that either confer resistance to age-related diseases or enhance overall health.Lifestyle Choices That Enhance Genetic PotentialEven in the context of a genetic predisposition toward longevity, lifestyle choices can either build upon or detract from the chances of reaching advanced ages. The genes related to longevity often act in concert with health-promoting behaviors such as: - Balanced diet rich in whole foods and low in processed ingredients- Regular physical activity- Effective management of stress- Avoid tobacco and excessive alcohol consumptionThese habits not only add years to one's life but also improve quality of life by reducing the risk of chronic diseases and maintaining physical and cognitive function well into old age.With research on longevity continuing, scientists are increasingly concentrating on understanding gene-environment interactions that determine aging. Whole-genome sequencing studies of centenarians and supercentenarians have already yielded much information on genetic variants that promote long life. More genes and pathways contributing to longevity may eventually be found, setting the stage for medical interventions to extend healthy lifespan.Advances in personalized medicine may also allow individuals to adjust lifestyle choices according to their genetic disposition to longevity. For example, some people may opt for diets that are heart-friendly and certain exercise routines in order to battle genetic tendencies toward heart problems.Whether longevity is mainly genetically determined is the question that cannot be answered lightly. While genetics may give the script for a long life, lifestyle and environmental factors equally make their mark in the health outcome and longevity. Exceptional longevity is usually the case of a fine balance of inherited traits and healthy habits.Finally, although we cannot alter our genes, we have control over most of the variables that decide how long and how well we live. We can all make conscious choices to focus on health to take steps toward a longer, more fulfilling life.Estimates of the Heritability of Human Longevity Are Substantially Inflated due to Assortative Mating. Genetics. 2018.

genetic factors in longevity: are you predisposed to a longer life?

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The approval of Eli Lilly’s Mounjaro (tirzepatide) KwikPen by India’s Central Drugs Standard Control Organisation (CDSCO) marks a significant development in diabetes and obesity management, not only for India but for the world. With the increasing incidence of type 2 diabetes and obesity globally, the launch of a weekly, easy-to-administer injectable has the potential to redefine the way patients and physicians treat chronic metabolic disease.

Type 2 diabetes impacts more than 37 million individuals in the United States alone, with the overwhelming majority treating their condition by blending lifestyle modification and pharmaceutical therapy. Typically, insulin therapies have involved daily injections, which can be unpleasant and result in suboptimal compliance. It is this challenge that has generated innovation within the disease field, with the creation of incretin mimetics—medicines that replicate hormones that play a key role in glucose control and satiety regulation.

The history of incretin mimetics starts in an unexpected place, the venom of the Gila monster, a lizard that can keep blood sugar level steady when it fasts for long periods. This biological oddity led to the development of exenatide (Byetta), the first of a new generation of diabetes medicines. The area has since moved quickly, with newer and more potent agents such as dulaglutide (Trulicity), liraglutide (Victoza), and semaglutide (Ozempic) making their way into the market, several of which are also used to manage weight.

<h2>What Sets Mounjaro Apart From Other GLP-1 Drugs?</h2>

Mounjaro, or tirzepatide, is the newest innovation. Unlike previous medications that only addressed one hormone pathway (GLP-1), Mounjaro is the first and only drug to engage both GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1) and GIP (glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide) receptors. Both of these hormones regulate blood sugar and hunger, so Mounjaro is a dual-action therapy for diabetes and obesity.

The newly approved KwikPen form is a pre-filled, multiple-dose pen designed for subcutaneous injection. Its easy-to-use design allows accurate dosing and more convenience, with patients being able to self-administer the drug weekly. The pen releases four doses, with a residual amount of liquid left over after each use—a standard aspect that guarantees full dosing.

The clinical evidence backing Mounjaro's approval is strong. In clinical trials, tirzepatide has shown to decrease hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)—an important measure of long-term blood glucose control—better than many other drugs. For example, in phase 3 trials, weekly tirzepatide decreased HbA1c levels dramatically, with most patients reaching the target level of 6.5% or less.

But most newsworthy of all is the effect of Mounjaro on weight. Patients taking tirzepatide have achieved mean weight losses of as much as 20% of body weight, significantly greater than the outcome with previous anti-obesity drugs. This is especially meaningful considering the high correlation between excess weight, diabetes, and cardiovascular risk.

<h2>How Does the <span rel="noindex">Mounjaro KwikPen</span> Work?</h2>

Mounjaro KwikPen is a prefilled, single-patient-use, multi-dose pen that delivers 0.6 mL per injection. It comes in six dosage strengths of 2.5 mg to 15 mg and is administered as a small once-weekly injection into the thigh or abdomen. The pen is designed for simplicity and includes a little more than the total amount of usable liquid to permit priming prior to each injection.

For patients, it is simple: a single weekly injection, with a minimal amount of training needed. The side effects of nausea or constipation are frequent but usually mild and short-lived, particularly when the dose is ramped up gradually under doctor's care.

<h2>How Does Mounjaro Support Weight Management?</h2>

Tirzepatide's dual mechanism assists with regulating appetite and metabolic health in a number of ways:

Appetite Control: By influencing hunger-controlling centers in the brain and slowing down gastric emptying, Mounjaro makes patients feel full for longer and minimize total calorie intake.

Fat Metabolism: Clinical information indicates enhanced fat metabolism and decreased body fat, apart from total weight.

Blood Sugar Regulation: Increased insulin release and lower glucose levels further assist in weight loss by maintaining energy utilization and storage stability.

<h2>How Does Mounjaro Help Manage Diabetes?</h2>

Perhaps the most important obstacle to successful management of diabetes has been the hassle of daily injections. The Mounjaro KwikPen eliminates this with a once-weekly dosing regimen that studies indicate improves compliance. Patients on weekly regimens in one trial remained with their therapy an average of 333 days, compared with 269 for patients treated daily.

The design of the pen also minimizes the danger of dosing errors and makes self-injection less daunting, particularly for patients new to injectable treatments. Any remaining liquid in the pen after four doses is normal and does not signify a problem—a major relief for patients.

<h2>Who Should Consider Mounjaro KwikPen?</h2>

Mounjaro is used in adults with type 2 diabetes, especially those who have an excess weight or obesity and are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease. It is also being evaluated for use in a wider range of obesity treatments pending regulatory approval.

In individuals who do not have diabetes, the indications for use reflect those for other anti-obesity medications: a body mass index (BMI) of 30 or more, or 27 and over with at least one weight-related medical condition like high blood pressure or elevated cholesterol.

Vouching for the wave of weekly therapies, recent studies like QWINT-1 and QWINT-3 have shown that once-a-week insulin injections yield equal reductions in A1C as daily regimens with more convenience and better adherence. In QWINT-1, study participants achieved an A1C decrease of 1.31% on weekly efsitora compared with 1.27% on daily insulin glargine. These results support the value of weekly injectables like Mounjaro in clinical use.

Though promising, availability of Mounjaro and other such drugs is still a challenge. In the United States, the price can go anywhere from $1,000 to $1,500 for a month, and the treatment for obesity is not covered under Medicare, although some private providers do reimburse. Pricing and insurance coverage in India will be crucial in deciding how widely the KwikPen finds acceptance.

Another concern is supply: the surging demand for incretin mimetics has caused intermittent shortages, especially for the most in-demand formulations. Providing persistent access will be essential as more patients ask for these treatments.

Mounjaro KwikPen's approval in India is not just a regulatory first—it's a sign that the paradigm of metabolic disease care is shifting. With its two-part mechanism, demonstrated effectiveness in both blood glucose control and weight reduction, and patient-centered design, Mounjaro has the potential to be a foundation of diabetes and obesity treatment.

diabetes injection

mounjaro kwikpen

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once weekly insulin alternative

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cdsco mounjaro approval

The approval of Eli Lilly’s Mounjaro (tirzepatide) KwikPen by India’s Central Drugs Standard Control Organisation (CDSCO) marks a significant development in diabetes and obesity management, not only for India but for the world. With the increasing incidence of type 2 diabetes and obesity globally, the launch of a weekly, easy-to-administer injectable has the potential to redefine the way patients and physicians treat chronic metabolic disease.Type 2 diabetes impacts more than 37 million individuals in the United States alone, with the overwhelming majority treating their condition by blending lifestyle modification and pharmaceutical therapy. Typically, insulin therapies have involved daily injections, which can be unpleasant and result in suboptimal compliance. It is this challenge that has generated innovation within the disease field, with the creation of incretin mimetics—medicines that replicate hormones that play a key role in glucose control and satiety regulation.The history of incretin mimetics starts in an unexpected place, the venom of the Gila monster, a lizard that can keep blood sugar level steady when it fasts for long periods. This biological oddity led to the development of exenatide (Byetta), the first of a new generation of diabetes medicines. The area has since moved quickly, with newer and more potent agents such as dulaglutide (Trulicity), liraglutide (Victoza), and semaglutide (Ozempic) making their way into the market, several of which are also used to manage weight.What Sets Mounjaro Apart From Other GLP-1 Drugs?Mounjaro, or tirzepatide, is the newest innovation. Unlike previous medications that only addressed one hormone pathway (GLP-1), Mounjaro is the first and only drug to engage both GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1) and GIP (glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide) receptors. Both of these hormones regulate blood sugar and hunger, so Mounjaro is a dual-action therapy for diabetes and obesity.The newly approved KwikPen form is a pre-filled, multiple-dose pen designed for subcutaneous injection. Its easy-to-use design allows accurate dosing and more convenience, with patients being able to self-administer the drug weekly. The pen releases four doses, with a residual amount of liquid left over after each use—a standard aspect that guarantees full dosing.The clinical evidence backing Mounjaro's approval is strong. In clinical trials, tirzepatide has shown to decrease hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)—an important measure of long-term blood glucose control—better than many other drugs. For example, in phase 3 trials, weekly tirzepatide decreased HbA1c levels dramatically, with most patients reaching the target level of 6.5% or less.But most newsworthy of all is the effect of Mounjaro on weight. Patients taking tirzepatide have achieved mean weight losses of as much as 20% of body weight, significantly greater than the outcome with previous anti-obesity drugs. This is especially meaningful considering the high correlation between excess weight, diabetes, and cardiovascular risk.How Does the Mounjaro KwikPen Work?Mounjaro KwikPen is a prefilled, single-patient-use, multi-dose pen that delivers 0.6 mL per injection. It comes in six dosage strengths of 2.5 mg to 15 mg and is administered as a small once-weekly injection into the thigh or abdomen. The pen is designed for simplicity and includes a little more than the total amount of usable liquid to permit priming prior to each injection.For patients, it is simple: a single weekly injection, with a minimal amount of training needed. The side effects of nausea or constipation are frequent but usually mild and short-lived, particularly when the dose is ramped up gradually under doctor's care.How Does Mounjaro Support Weight Management?Tirzepatide's dual mechanism assists with regulating appetite and metabolic health in a number of ways:Appetite Control: By influencing hunger-controlling centers in the brain and slowing down gastric emptying, Mounjaro makes patients feel full for longer and minimize total calorie intake.Fat Metabolism: Clinical information indicates enhanced fat metabolism and decreased body fat, apart from total weight.Blood Sugar Regulation: Increased insulin release and lower glucose levels further assist in weight loss by maintaining energy utilization and storage stability.How Does Mounjaro Help Manage Diabetes?Perhaps the most important obstacle to successful management of diabetes has been the hassle of daily injections. The Mounjaro KwikPen eliminates this with a once-weekly dosing regimen that studies indicate improves compliance. Patients on weekly regimens in one trial remained with their therapy an average of 333 days, compared with 269 for patients treated daily.The design of the pen also minimizes the danger of dosing errors and makes self-injection less daunting, particularly for patients new to injectable treatments. Any remaining liquid in the pen after four doses is normal and does not signify a problem—a major relief for patients.Who Should Consider Mounjaro KwikPen?Mounjaro is used in adults with type 2 diabetes, especially those who have an excess weight or obesity and are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease. It is also being evaluated for use in a wider range of obesity treatments pending regulatory approval.In individuals who do not have diabetes, the indications for use reflect those for other anti-obesity medications: a body mass index (BMI) of 30 or more, or 27 and over with at least one weight-related medical condition like high blood pressure or elevated cholesterol.Vouching for the wave of weekly therapies, recent studies like QWINT-1 and QWINT-3 have shown that once-a-week insulin injections yield equal reductions in A1C as daily regimens with more convenience and better adherence. In QWINT-1, study participants achieved an A1C decrease of 1.31% on weekly efsitora compared with 1.27% on daily insulin glargine. These results support the value of weekly injectables like Mounjaro in clinical use.Accessibility and AffordabilityThough promising, availability of Mounjaro and other such drugs is still a challenge. In the United States, the price can go anywhere from $1,000 to $1,500 for a month, and the treatment for obesity is not covered under Medicare, although some private providers do reimburse. Pricing and insurance coverage in India will be crucial in deciding how widely the KwikPen finds acceptance.Another concern is supply: the surging demand for incretin mimetics has caused intermittent shortages, especially for the most in-demand formulations. Providing persistent access will be essential as more patients ask for these treatments.Mounjaro KwikPen's approval in India is not just a regulatory first—it's a sign that the paradigm of metabolic disease care is shifting. With its two-part mechanism, demonstrated effectiveness in both blood glucose control and weight reduction, and patient-centered design, Mounjaro has the potential to be a foundation of diabetes and obesity treatment.

as mounjaro kwikpen gets greenlight in india: how can once-weekly shot help manage diabetes and lose weight?

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Once primarily linked to heavy alcohol consumption, <span>liver cirrhosis</span> is now increasingly affecting people who have never had a drink. Experts are warning of a silent but growing health crisis driven by unhealthy lifestyles.

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), liver <span>cirrhosis</span> is responsible for more than 1.3 million deaths annually, making it one of the leading causes of death worldwide. In the U.S., data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) shows that cirrhosis-related deaths have surged by over 65% in the past 20 years. The biggest driver behind this rise? A condition known as <span>non-alcoholic fatty liver</span> disease (NAFLD).

NAFLD is caused by fat buildup in the liver unrelated to alcohol use. It's now one of the fastest-growing causes of liver damage across the world. Poor diets, sedentary lifestyles, rising obesity, and increasing rates of diabetes have all contributed to its spread. Studies estimate that nearly 30% of adults globally have NAFLD, and its more severe form—non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)—is rising especially among younger adults.

Cirrhosis occurs when healthy liver tissue is replaced by scar tissue. This scarring impairs blood flow and limits the liver’s ability to perform its key functions: detoxifying the blood, aiding digestion, regulating hormones, and storing essential nutrients. If left untreated, cirrhosis can lead to liver failure or liver cancer.

<h4>Why Are Non-Drinkers Getting It?</h4>

The main culprit is the lifestyle we are all leading today. Diets high in sugar, fats, and processed foods, paired with physical inactivity, are leading to fat accumulation in the liver. Over time, this triggers inflammation, liver cell damage, and scarring—ultimately leading to cirrhosis. What makes this more dangerous is that NAFLD often develops silently, with symptoms appearing only in the later stages.

While NAFLD and cirrhosis can be symptom-free in early stages, some warning signs include:

<ul><li>Persistent fatigue or low energy</li><li>Swelling in the legs or abdomen</li><li>Yellowing of the skin or eyes (jaundice)</li><li>Sudden or unexplained weight loss</li><li>Loss of appetite</li></ul>

Doctors recommend regular liver function tests, ultrasounds, and check-ups—especially for those with obesity, diabetes, or high blood pressure.

<h4>Everyday Habits That Harm the Liver</h4>

Certain lifestyle choices can accelerate liver damage, such as:

<ul><li>Overeating processed or fried foods</li><li>High sugar intake (soft drinks, sweets, desserts)</li><li>Physical inactivity or prolonged sitting</li><li>Ignoring health issues like diabetes or hypertension</li><li>Crash dieting or taking unprescribed supplements</li></ul>

Yes—if caught early. Doctors say NAFLD can be reversed through manageable lifestyle changes:

Eat a balanced diet with vegetables, fruits, whole grains, and lean protein

Engage in at least 30 minutes of exercise daily

Stay hydrated to help the liver flush out toxins

Avoid self-medication and unnecessary pills

liver cirrhosis

Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver

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liver health

cirrhosis

Once primarily linked to heavy alcohol consumption, liver cirrhosis is now increasingly affecting people who have never had a drink. Experts are warning of a silent but growing health crisis driven by unhealthy lifestyles.A Global Health ConcernAccording to the World Health Organization (WHO), liver cirrhosis is responsible for more than 1.3 million deaths annually, making it one of the leading causes of death worldwide. In the U.S., data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) shows that cirrhosis-related deaths have surged by over 65% in the past 20 years. The biggest driver behind this rise? A condition known as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).The Lifestyle ConnectionNAFLD is caused by fat buildup in the liver unrelated to alcohol use. It's now one of the fastest-growing causes of liver damage across the world. Poor diets, sedentary lifestyles, rising obesity, and increasing rates of diabetes have all contributed to its spread. Studies estimate that nearly 30% of adults globally have NAFLD, and its more severe form—non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)—is rising especially among younger adults.What Is Cirrhosis?Cirrhosis occurs when healthy liver tissue is replaced by scar tissue. This scarring impairs blood flow and limits the liver’s ability to perform its key functions: detoxifying the blood, aiding digestion, regulating hormones, and storing essential nutrients. If left untreated, cirrhosis can lead to liver failure or liver cancer.Why Are Non-Drinkers Getting It?The main culprit is the lifestyle we are all leading today. Diets high in sugar, fats, and processed foods, paired with physical inactivity, are leading to fat accumulation in the liver. Over time, this triggers inflammation, liver cell damage, and scarring—ultimately leading to cirrhosis. What makes this more dangerous is that NAFLD often develops silently, with symptoms appearing only in the later stages.Warning Signs to Watch Out ForWhile NAFLD and cirrhosis can be symptom-free in early stages, some warning signs include:Persistent fatigue or low energySwelling in the legs or abdomenYellowing of the skin or eyes (jaundice)Sudden or unexplained weight lossLoss of appetiteDoctors recommend regular liver function tests, ultrasounds, and check-ups—especially for those with obesity, diabetes, or high blood pressure.Everyday Habits That Harm the LiverCertain lifestyle choices can accelerate liver damage, such as:Overeating processed or fried foodsHigh sugar intake (soft drinks, sweets, desserts)Physical inactivity or prolonged sittingIgnoring health issues like diabetes or hypertensionCrash dieting or taking unprescribed supplementsCan It Be Reversed?Yes—if caught early. Doctors say NAFLD can be reversed through manageable lifestyle changes:Eat a balanced diet with vegetables, fruits, whole grains, and lean proteinEngage in at least 30 minutes of exercise dailyStay hydrated to help the liver flush out toxinsAvoid self-medication and unnecessary pillsGet routine health screenings

Aarushi Bhadury

Tolerating Heat May Become More Difficult With Age – How To Deal With Lower Heat Tolerance In Older Adults

Tolerating Heat May Become More Difficult With Age

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A major heat wave is currently affecting the central and eastern United States, with temperatures soaring above 100 degrees Fahrenheit. The US National Weather Service predicts a hotter-than-usual summer nationwide. 

Unfortunately, extreme heat significantly increases the risk of dangerous heat illnesses, especially for older adults. Research shows that people over 60 account for most heat-related deaths in the U.S. The World Health Organization reports an 85% rise in heat-related deaths among people older than 65 between 2000 and 2021. 

This isn't a coincidence; the aging process and extreme heat simply don't mix well, experts say. Here’s why, and what older people can do to stay safe as temperatures soar. 

<h2>Why <span rel="noindex">Heat Is More Risky As You Get Older</span> </h2>

Even if you're very healthy, getting older makes you more likely to get sick from the heat. This includes conditions like heat exhaustion, where your body struggles to cool down, or heat stroke, which can be life-threatening. 

As we age, our bodies naturally lose some of their ability to cool off. Experts explain that older people tend to hold onto more heat than younger people and have to work harder to keep their body temperature steady. Here are three main reasons for this change: 

When it's hot, your body tries to cool down by sending more blood to your skin and making blood vessels wider to help you sweat. According to a 2020 study published in the Journal of Physiology as you get older, changes in your heart and blood vessels make it harder for your body to move blood efficiently. This makes it tougher to control your temperature. 

MedlinePlus explains that as you age, your body also sweats less, which is how it naturally cools down. This happens because your skin gets thinner, and the tiny tubes that carry sweat move closer to the surface. Plus, you lose a protein called collagen, which can squeeze these tubes, making it harder for sweat to get out. 

The feeling of being thirsty, and the urge to drink, gets weaker over time. Also, your kidneys become less good at keeping your fluids balanced. Studies show that kidney function can start to drop around age 40, meaning older adults are more likely to get dehydrated. On top of that, older people often take medicines, like water pills or sedatives, that can cause dehydration or make it harder to sweat. 

Heat illness often starts with a headache. Some people might also experience: 

<ul><li>Dry mouth</li><li>Dizziness</li><li>Feeling very tired</li><li>Confusion</li><li>Heart fluttering</li></ul>

<h2>Tips To Avoid Overheating As Older Adults </h2>

If you must go out on hot days, make sure you protect yourself from heat and avoid heat illness. Here are some tips according to the National Institute of Aging, 

Older adults should try to stay in air-conditioned buildings as much as possible. Closing your blinds or curtains during the day can also stop your house from getting too hot. 

If you don't have AC, call your local health department to find nearby cooling centers. Fans can help, but sometimes they're not enough to beat the heat at home. 

Drink more water than usual to help keep your body cool and hydrated. Drinks with electrolytes, like sports drinks and vegetable or fruit juices, can replace minerals you lose when you sweat. Remember, if you feel thirsty, you're already dehydrated. 

Wear loose, light, and light-colored clothes. Take cool showers or baths if you feel warm. Try not to do anything too strenuous, and get lots of rest until the heat passes. 

Lower Heat Tolerance

Tolerating Heat in Older Adults

Heat Tolerance In Older Adults

Heat Is More Risky As You Get Older

heat related illnesses in older adults

Heat related illnesses

A major heat wave is currently affecting the central and eastern United States, with temperatures soaring above 100 degrees Fahrenheit. The US National Weather Service predicts a hotter-than-usual summer nationwide. Unfortunately, extreme heat significantly increases the risk of dangerous heat illnesses, especially for older adults. Research shows that people over 60 account for most heat-related deaths in the U.S. The World Health Organization reports an 85% rise in heat-related deaths among people older than 65 between 2000 and 2021. This isn't a coincidence; the aging process and extreme heat simply don't mix well, experts say. Here’s why, and what older people can do to stay safe as temperatures soar. Why Heat Is More Risky As You Get Older Even if you're very healthy, getting older makes you more likely to get sick from the heat. This includes conditions like heat exhaustion, where your body struggles to cool down, or heat stroke, which can be life-threatening. As we age, our bodies naturally lose some of their ability to cool off. Experts explain that older people tend to hold onto more heat than younger people and have to work harder to keep their body temperature steady. Here are three main reasons for this change: Blood doesn't move as well When it's hot, your body tries to cool down by sending more blood to your skin and making blood vessels wider to help you sweat. According to a 2020 study published in the Journal of Physiology as you get older, changes in your heart and blood vessels make it harder for your body to move blood efficiently. This makes it tougher to control your temperature. You sweat less MedlinePlus explains that as you age, your body also sweats less, which is how it naturally cools down. This happens because your skin gets thinner, and the tiny tubes that carry sweat move closer to the surface. Plus, you lose a protein called collagen, which can squeeze these tubes, making it harder for sweat to get out. Easier to get dehydrated The feeling of being thirsty, and the urge to drink, gets weaker over time. Also, your kidneys become less good at keeping your fluids balanced. Studies show that kidney function can start to drop around age 40, meaning older adults are more likely to get dehydrated. On top of that, older people often take medicines, like water pills or sedatives, that can cause dehydration or make it harder to sweat. Signs to Watch For Heat illness often starts with a headache. Some people might also experience: Dry mouthDizzinessFeeling very tiredConfusionHeart flutteringTips To Avoid Overheating As Older Adults If you must go out on hot days, make sure you protect yourself from heat and avoid heat illness. Here are some tips according to the National Institute of Aging, Stay in air-conditioned places Older adults should try to stay in air-conditioned buildings as much as possible. Closing your blinds or curtains during the day can also stop your house from getting too hot. Find cooling shelters If you don't have AC, call your local health department to find nearby cooling centers. Fans can help, but sometimes they're not enough to beat the heat at home. Drink plenty of fluids Drink more water than usual to help keep your body cool and hydrated. Drinks with electrolytes, like sports drinks and vegetable or fruit juices, can replace minerals you lose when you sweat. Remember, if you feel thirsty, you're already dehydrated. Dress lightly and rest Wear loose, light, and light-colored clothes. Take cool showers or baths if you feel warm. Try not to do anything too strenuous, and get lots of rest until the heat passes. 

tolerating heat may become more difficult with age – how to deal with lower heat tolerance in older adults

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