Every year, October is marked as Breast Cancer Awareness Month with an aim to spread information about this life-threatening disease. Breast cancer, which involves cells in breast tissue growing out of control, is responsible for the deaths of thousands of women across the world every year. Moreover, it is also associated with hair loss, lumps and changes in breast size and periods.How Are Periods Linked To Breast Cancer? While breast cancer itself may not affect your period, the treatment options may lead to amenorrhea or the absence of menstruation. Dr. Avir Sarkar, Assistant Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Noida International Institute of Medical Sciences says that an excess of estrogen leads to breast cancer. PCOS Predisposes Women To Breast CancerAccording to Dr Sarkar, hormonal conditions like Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and Polycystic ovary disease (PCOD) increase the risk of breast cancer. He explained that women suffering from PCOS generally have high levels of estrogen, which is a proliferating hormone responsible for cell growth and multiplication. This exacerbates the risk of breast cancer. "Any woman who has less than 150 menstrual cycles and more than 350 is at risk of breat cancer," he said. Other than this, obesity is also linked to the development of breast cancer. "Your body converts all the peripheral fat into estrogen. Eating a lot of junk food could also be perilous. Moreover, family history also plays a major role in your chances of getting breast cancer," Dr Sarkar added further.Risk Of Breast Cancer In Menopausal WomenAccording to Dr Astha Dayal, a Gynaecologist and Obstetrician in Gurugram, many women after their menopause go for hormone replacement therapy (HRT). This considerably increases the risk of breast cancer. Another interesting point is using contraceptive pills very frequently can cause cysts in the breast and therefore, excerbaerate risk of breast cancer. How Does Breast Cancer Treatment Affect Your Periods? Treatment methods like chemotherapy, hormonal therapy and radiation therapy are given to patients at advanced stages of breast cancer and can have a significant impact on a woman's reproductive system. Chemotherapy uses powerful drugs to target rapidly dividing cancer cells. However, it can also affect the ovaries, leading to temporary amenorrhea (the absence of menstruation). A 2020 study revealed that 76% of participants experienced chemotherapy-related amenorrhea, with only 40% resuming their periods afterwards. For some women, particularly those nearing menopause, chemotherapy may cause permanent ovarian failure, resulting in early menopause.Hormone therapies can also disrupt menstrual cycles, leading to irregular periods or even cessation. Ovarian suppression treatments, which temporarily shut down ovarian function, can similarly halt menstruation, mimicking menopausal symptoms.Lastly, radiation therapy primarily affects menstruation if directed at the pelvis. While most women exposed to radiation targeting the breast may resume their periods within two years, older women may experience irregular cycles afterwards. What Is Breast Cancer? Breast cancer remains one of the most prevalent cancers affecting women globally, with men also at significant risk. Early detection of this life-threatening disease is vital for effective treatment and improved outcomes, making regular self-examinations and mammograms essential tools. Risk factors for breast cancer include age, family history, genetic mutations, and lifestyle choices such as diet and exercise. Meanwhile, symptoms of breast cancer can include unusual lumps, changes in breast shape or size, and abnormal discharge. Therefore, is very important to self-screen your breasts every once in a while. The process involves looking at your breasts in the mirror and checking for bumps, lumps or discharge. You should immediately see a doctor if you notice any one of the aforementioned symptoms.