Health and Me

Aarushi Bhadury

Mental Health Of Surrogate Mothers Could Be At A Higher Risk After The Pregnancy: Study

Pregnancy is a magical moment in a parent’s life, bringing new life into this world and preparing for years of raising and loving a child. However, many people are not physically equipped to carry a child, while others do not want to. As we make great progress in the medical field, more avenues to bless families with children have been made. <span>Surrogacy</span> is one of them. Surrogacy is a medical arrangement where a woman carries and gives birth for another person or couple. The surrogate helps give birth to the baby in cases like the mother is not physically able to carry a child to term. However, is this arrangement healthy for the carrier? 

New research suggests that gestational carriers or <span>surrogate mothers</span>, may face a higher risk of developing <span>mental illness</span> during and after their pregnancy. The study published in the JAMA Network Open, which looked at over 767,400 births in Canada, found that these women are significantly more likely to experience a new mental illness compared to other mothers. The findings highlight the importance of proper screening and counseling for potential surrogates to prepare them for these risks. 

<h2>Key Findings on <span rel="noindex">Mental Health</span> and Surrogacy </h2>

The study followed new mothers for an average of 4.5 years and found a clear difference in mental health outcomes. When compared to women who carried their own babies, gestational carriers were: 

<ul><li>43% more likely to develop a mental illness for the first time.</li><li>29% more likely to develop a mental illness than women who conceived using IVF.</li></ul>

The mental illnesses included in the study were things like anxiety disorders, psychosis, substance use disorders, and self-harm. The research also noted that gestational carriers were often mothers who had given birth before and were more likely to live in low-income areas and have health issues like obesity or high blood pressure. 

<h2>Why Gestational Carriers May Be at Risk </h2>

The researchers believe several factors could contribute to the mental health challenges faced by gestational carriers. These include:

<ul><li>The emotional impact of separating from the newborn after birth.</li><li>The complexities of maintaining a relationship with the baby's intended parents and the child itself.</li><li>Societal judgment and scrutiny about their decision to become a gestational carrier.</li></ul>

The study emphasizes that while many women are screened for existing mental illness beforehand, they may not be prepared for the new mental health issues that can arise. Additionally, many postpartum mental health problems are not treated properly, leaving these women especially vulnerable during a sensitive time. 

<h2>Other Risks Involved With Surrogacy </h2>

There are also many other risks that are involved with surrogacy. Another Canada based 2024 study presented in the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE) 40th Annual Meeting in Amsterdam found that surrogates face a higher risk of serious health problems during pregnancy. 

The rate of severe maternal complications was 7.1% for surrogates, which is much higher than the 2.4% for women who conceived naturally and 4.6% for those who used IVF. Surrogates also had a 13.9% rate of postpartum hemorrhage, compared to 5.7% for natural conceptions and 10.5% for IVF. While rates for high blood pressure disorders was also 13.9% for surrogates, compared to 6.6% for natural conceptions and 11.6% for IVF. 

The research suggests these higher risks may be due to differences in a surrogate's health before pregnancy, the type of prenatal care they receive, or the emotional and physical stress of carrying a baby for another person. 

<h2>Does Surrogacy Affect The Baby As Well? </h2>

While the study found increased risks for the mothers, it did not show a significant difference in the health of the babies. Serious health problems in newborns up to 28 days old were similar across all three groups: 6.5% for surrogates, 6% for natural conceptions, and 9.1% for IVF. 

The main takeaway from the research is that while the babies appear to be safe, gestational carriers need better support and care throughout their pregnancies. This study also points to the idea that a person's financial situation can play a role in their reproductive health, suggesting that these factors should be considered when caring for surrogates. 

Health Conditions A-Z

health

Mental Health Of Surrogate Mothers

Mental Health

Surrogate Mothers

surrogacy

surrogacy causes high risk for mental health

mental illness

Is Your Heart Older Than You Are? US Doctors Device How To Find Out Before It’s Too Late

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Pregnancy is a magical moment in a parent’s life, bringing new life into this world and preparing for years of raising and loving a child. However, many people are not physically equipped to carry a child, while others do not want to. As we make great progress in the medical field, more avenues to bless families with children have been made. Surrogacy is one of them. Surrogacy is a medical arrangement where a woman carries and gives birth for another person or couple. The surrogate helps give birth to the baby in cases like the mother is not physically able to carry a child to term. However, is this arrangement healthy for the carrier? New research suggests that gestational carriers or surrogate mothers, may face a higher risk of developing mental illness during and after their pregnancy. The study published in the JAMA Network Open, which looked at over 767,400 births in Canada, found that these women are significantly more likely to experience a new mental illness compared to other mothers. The findings highlight the importance of proper screening and counseling for potential surrogates to prepare them for these risks. Key Findings on Mental Health and Surrogacy The study followed new mothers for an average of 4.5 years and found a clear difference in mental health outcomes. When compared to women who carried their own babies, gestational carriers were: 43% more likely to develop a mental illness for the first time.29% more likely to develop a mental illness than women who conceived using IVF.The mental illnesses included in the study were things like anxiety disorders, psychosis, substance use disorders, and self-harm. The research also noted that gestational carriers were often mothers who had given birth before and were more likely to live in low-income areas and have health issues like obesity or high blood pressure. Why Gestational Carriers May Be at Risk The researchers believe several factors could contribute to the mental health challenges faced by gestational carriers. These include:The emotional impact of separating from the newborn after birth.The complexities of maintaining a relationship with the baby's intended parents and the child itself.Societal judgment and scrutiny about their decision to become a gestational carrier.The study emphasizes that while many women are screened for existing mental illness beforehand, they may not be prepared for the new mental health issues that can arise. Additionally, many postpartum mental health problems are not treated properly, leaving these women especially vulnerable during a sensitive time. Other Risks Involved With Surrogacy There are also many other risks that are involved with surrogacy. Another Canada based 2024 study presented in the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE) 40th Annual Meeting in Amsterdam found that surrogates face a higher risk of serious health problems during pregnancy. The rate of severe maternal complications was 7.1% for surrogates, which is much higher than the 2.4% for women who conceived naturally and 4.6% for those who used IVF. Surrogates also had a 13.9% rate of postpartum hemorrhage, compared to 5.7% for natural conceptions and 10.5% for IVF. While rates for high blood pressure disorders was also 13.9% for surrogates, compared to 6.6% for natural conceptions and 11.6% for IVF. The research suggests these higher risks may be due to differences in a surrogate's health before pregnancy, the type of prenatal care they receive, or the emotional and physical stress of carrying a baby for another person. Does Surrogacy Affect The Baby As Well? While the study found increased risks for the mothers, it did not show a significant difference in the health of the babies. Serious health problems in newborns up to 28 days old were similar across all three groups: 6.5% for surrogates, 6% for natural conceptions, and 9.1% for IVF. The main takeaway from the research is that while the babies appear to be safe, gestational carriers need better support and care throughout their pregnancies. This study also points to the idea that a person's financial situation can play a role in their reproductive health, suggesting that these factors should be considered when caring for surrogates. 

mental health of surrogate mothers could be at a higher risk after the pregnancy: study

Tanya Dutt

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lifestyle changes people above 60 should make to boost brain health

No Time For Brain Decline - Lifestyle Habits That Reduce The Risk Of Dementia In Older Adults

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Nutrition

From PMS to Postpartum, Heart to Hormones: Why Fish Oil is the Ultimate Health Elixir for Every Woman at Every Stage

from pms to postpartum, heart to hormones: why fish oil is the ultimate health elixir for every woman at every stage

Your heart might be keeping a secret from you—and it’s not a good one. According to new research led by Northwestern Medicine and published in JAMA Cardiology, many American adults have hearts that are biologically older than the number on their driver's license.

This isn't just a metaphor for feeling worn out or tired. It’s a real, measurable difference in cardiovascular health, and the implications are serious. Using a new “heart age” calculator based on American Heart Association data, researchers found that the average American’s heart is several years older than their actual age. For many, especially men, people of color, and those with lower income or education levels, the gap is even wider—sometimes by over a decade. So, how do you know how old your heart really is? More importantly, what can you do about it?

<h2>What Is “Heart Age” and Why It Is Important?</h2>

<span>Heart age</span> is a simplified way to express your cardiovascular risk. Traditional risk assessments—like the American Heart Association’s PREVENT equations—typically offer percentages: your doctor might say you have a 10% risk of a heart attack over the next 10 years. But these statistics can feel abstract and hard to act on.

Dr. Sadiya Khan, professor of cardiovascular epidemiology at Northwestern University and senior author of the study, believes translating that risk into an “age” makes it more relatable. Telling someone their heart is 60 when they’re only 45? That hits differently.

“The exciting thing about this tool is that there are a lot of things people can do,” Khan said in a statement. “The hope is that this empowers people to optimise their <span>heart health</span> for healthier aging and longer health spans.”

<h2>Alarming Trends Across Demographics</h2>

The researchers analyzed health data from over 14,000 U.S. adults aged 30 to 79 who had no prior history of cardiovascular disease. They used a publicly available, free online tool to assess heart age based on several inputs: blood pressure, cholesterol levels, smoking status, diabetes, medications, and more. The results weren’t pretty:

<ul><li>Women had an average heart age of 55.4, despite having an average chronological age of just 51.3.</li><li>Men fared even worse, with an average heart age of 56.7 versus an actual age of 49.7.</li><li>The disparities grew starker across race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic lines:</li><li>Black men had hearts that were, on average, 8.5 years older than their chronological age.</li><li>Hispanic men followed closely at 7.9 years.</li><li>Black women had heart ages 6.2 years older than their actual age.</li></ul>

People with only a high school education or less were especially at risk, with nearly a third having hearts that were 10 years older than their birth certificates would suggest.

“This helps to highlight the need for more urgent action,” Khan said. “Identifying individuals who have an ‘older’ heart age can help prompt action to prioritise prevention in at-risk individuals.”

<h2>Why Your Heart Might Be Aging Faster Than You Are?</h2>

It boils down to a few key lifestyle and health factors: high blood pressure, high cholesterol, smoking, lack of exercise, poor diet, and unmanaged diabetes.

These factors quietly and persistently damage the cardiovascular system. Over time, this wear and tear increases your risk of heart attack, stroke, or heart failure—sometimes without obvious symptoms until it’s too late.

Khan and her team hope the heart age calculator will help make this silent damage more visible—and more actionable.

<h2>Can You Prevent Your Heart From Ageing?</h2>

Even if your heart is older than it should be, that’s not the end of the story. Cardiovascular aging isn’t fixed. In many cases, it can be slowed—or even reversed—with the right interventions. According to the researchers, key lifestyle changes that can bring your heart age closer to your real age (or even make it younger) include:

<ul><li>Quitting smoking</li><li>Improving diet (less sodium, more fruits and vegetables)</li><li>Increasing physical activity (at least 150 minutes of moderate aerobic activity per week)</li><li>Managing high blood pressure and cholesterol with medications when needed</li><li>Monitoring and treating diabetes effectively</li></ul>

But Dr Khan emphasizes that these actions aren’t just for those already diagnosed with heart disease. Younger adults, too, can benefit from understanding and addressing their heart age early—well before symptoms appear.

<h2>A Simple Online Tool With Major Potential</h2>

The free, public-facing heart age calculator developed by Khan’s team is already online and available to anyone. It takes just a few minutes and requires basic information like your age, sex, blood pressure, cholesterol levels, and smoking status.

The idea is to encourage a shift from reactive to proactive care giving people a clearer sense of urgency before a heart event forces the issue.

“We hope this tool helps doctors and patients discuss risk for heart disease more effectively,” said Khan. “The important thing is that we have very good options available in our toolbox to help slow that aging down if we can identify it.”

Although this study focuses on the U.S., the implications are global. Heart disease remains the leading cause of death worldwide. A tool like this, paired with access to routine health screenings and education, could help people across countries and cultures make better decisions about their long-term health.

In resource-limited settings where percentage-based risk assessments may not be widely understood, expressing risk through the lens of “heart age” could be a game-changer in preventive medicine.

Your heart might be working harder and aging faster than you realize but the power to slow—or even reverse—that process is in your hands. This new heart age calculator doesn’t just offer a number.

heart health

heart age

aging heart risks

heart disease prevention

biological heart age

early heart aging

lifestyle and heart health

cardiovascular risk factors

Your heart might be keeping a secret from you—and it’s not a good one. According to new research led by Northwestern Medicine and published in JAMA Cardiology, many American adults have hearts that are biologically older than the number on their driver's license.This isn't just a metaphor for feeling worn out or tired. It’s a real, measurable difference in cardiovascular health, and the implications are serious. Using a new “heart age” calculator based on American Heart Association data, researchers found that the average American’s heart is several years older than their actual age. For many, especially men, people of color, and those with lower income or education levels, the gap is even wider—sometimes by over a decade. So, how do you know how old your heart really is? More importantly, what can you do about it?What Is “Heart Age” and Why It Is Important?Heart age is a simplified way to express your cardiovascular risk. Traditional risk assessments—like the American Heart Association’s PREVENT equations—typically offer percentages: your doctor might say you have a 10% risk of a heart attack over the next 10 years. But these statistics can feel abstract and hard to act on.Dr. Sadiya Khan, professor of cardiovascular epidemiology at Northwestern University and senior author of the study, believes translating that risk into an “age” makes it more relatable. Telling someone their heart is 60 when they’re only 45? That hits differently.“The exciting thing about this tool is that there are a lot of things people can do,” Khan said in a statement. “The hope is that this empowers people to optimise their heart health for healthier aging and longer health spans.”Alarming Trends Across DemographicsThe researchers analyzed health data from over 14,000 U.S. adults aged 30 to 79 who had no prior history of cardiovascular disease. They used a publicly available, free online tool to assess heart age based on several inputs: blood pressure, cholesterol levels, smoking status, diabetes, medications, and more. The results weren’t pretty:Women had an average heart age of 55.4, despite having an average chronological age of just 51.3.Men fared even worse, with an average heart age of 56.7 versus an actual age of 49.7.The disparities grew starker across race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic lines:Black men had hearts that were, on average, 8.5 years older than their chronological age.Hispanic men followed closely at 7.9 years.Black women had heart ages 6.2 years older than their actual age.People with only a high school education or less were especially at risk, with nearly a third having hearts that were 10 years older than their birth certificates would suggest.“This helps to highlight the need for more urgent action,” Khan said. “Identifying individuals who have an ‘older’ heart age can help prompt action to prioritise prevention in at-risk individuals.”Why Your Heart Might Be Aging Faster Than You Are?It boils down to a few key lifestyle and health factors: high blood pressure, high cholesterol, smoking, lack of exercise, poor diet, and unmanaged diabetes.These factors quietly and persistently damage the cardiovascular system. Over time, this wear and tear increases your risk of heart attack, stroke, or heart failure—sometimes without obvious symptoms until it’s too late.Khan and her team hope the heart age calculator will help make this silent damage more visible—and more actionable.Can You Prevent Your Heart From Ageing?Even if your heart is older than it should be, that’s not the end of the story. Cardiovascular aging isn’t fixed. In many cases, it can be slowed—or even reversed—with the right interventions. According to the researchers, key lifestyle changes that can bring your heart age closer to your real age (or even make it younger) include:Quitting smokingImproving diet (less sodium, more fruits and vegetables)Increasing physical activity (at least 150 minutes of moderate aerobic activity per week)Managing high blood pressure and cholesterol with medications when neededMonitoring and treating diabetes effectivelyBut Dr Khan emphasizes that these actions aren’t just for those already diagnosed with heart disease. Younger adults, too, can benefit from understanding and addressing their heart age early—well before symptoms appear.A Simple Online Tool With Major PotentialThe free, public-facing heart age calculator developed by Khan’s team is already online and available to anyone. It takes just a few minutes and requires basic information like your age, sex, blood pressure, cholesterol levels, and smoking status.The idea is to encourage a shift from reactive to proactive care giving people a clearer sense of urgency before a heart event forces the issue.“We hope this tool helps doctors and patients discuss risk for heart disease more effectively,” said Khan. “The important thing is that we have very good options available in our toolbox to help slow that aging down if we can identify it.”Although this study focuses on the U.S., the implications are global. Heart disease remains the leading cause of death worldwide. A tool like this, paired with access to routine health screenings and education, could help people across countries and cultures make better decisions about their long-term health.In resource-limited settings where percentage-based risk assessments may not be widely understood, expressing risk through the lens of “heart age” could be a game-changer in preventive medicine.Your heart might be working harder and aging faster than you realize but the power to slow—or even reverse—that process is in your hands. This new heart age calculator doesn’t just offer a number.

is your heart older than you are? us doctors device how to find out before it’s too late

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A 13-year-old boy walked into the emergency room one day with bloodshot eyes. He didn't have any other eye problems like blurry vision, extra tears, discharge, or pain. He also didn't have a fever or any eye injury. His parents mentioned that for four days before his eyes turned red, he had been vomiting and had diarrhea a lot. This started after they returned home from a trip to Mexico that lasted a few weeks. 

When doctors examined him, they found a healthy, awake boy who wasn't in any discomfort. Everything else about his body seemed normal, except for the very red eyes. The redness was in both eyes, underneath the clear outer layer, but there was no discharge, no sensitivity to light, and his eye movements and vision were fine. 

Doctors believed his red eyes were caused by the extreme vomiting and gagging he experienced. This pressure likely made tiny blood vessels in his eye burst. He was admitted to the hospital for severe stomach flu. As his vomiting and diarrhea got better, the redness in his eyes also went away by itself within a few days. 

<h2>A Scary Symptom But ‘Not So Scary’ Cause </h2>

According to the <span>American Academy of Ophthalmology</span> (AAO), a <span>subconjunctival hemorrhage</span> is simply one or more bright red spots on the white part of your eye. It happens because the clear covering of your eye, called the conjunctiva, has many tiny blood vessels. When one of these small vessels breaks, blood leaks out and gets trapped between the conjunctiva and the white of your eye (the sclera). This is what creates that noticeable red spot. 

Even though these red spots can look alarming, a subconjunctival hemorrhage is usually harmless and will often heal on its own. The main symptom of a subconjunctival hemorrhage is just the red spot itself. You might not even realize you have it until you look in a mirror. Sometimes, you might feel a very slight irritation in your eye, but usually, there's no pain. 

Most often, subconjunctival hemorrhages are caused by actions that briefly increase the pressure in your veins, such as: 

<ul><li>Coughing</li><li>Sneezing</li><li>Straining (like when lifting something heavy or having a bowel movement)</li><li>This quick jump in pressure can cause those tiny blood vessels to break.</li><li>Injuries to the eye, even something as simple as rubbing your eyes too hard, can also cause these spots.</li></ul>

<ul><li>Diabetes</li><li>High blood pressure</li><li> Taking medicines that thin your blood, like aspirin or certain blood thinners</li><li>Very rarely, a subconjunctival hemorrhage can be a sign of a blood clotting problem or another blood disorder affecting your whole body. </li></ul>

A subconjunctival hemorrhage typically heals by itself without any specific treatment. The time it takes to clear up depends on the size of the spot, usually ranging from a few days to a few weeks. If your eye feels a bit irritated, you can use artificial tears to help. If you find yourself getting these red spots often, your eye doctor will want to talk with you and might recommend further tests to figure out why. 

<h2>When These Red Spots Are A Cause Of Concern </h2>

AAO explains that it is easy to mix up a <span>hyphema</span> with a common, harmless condition called a subconjunctival hemorrhage, which is just a broken blood vessel in the white part of your eye. A subconjunctival hemorrhage doesn't hurt. However, a hyphema is usually painful and needs proper medical attention right away, or it could cause lasting vision problems. 

A hyphema is when blood collects in the front part of your eye. This happens in the space between the clear outer layer which is called the cornea and the colored part of your eye (the iris). The blood can cover some or all of your iris and the dark center of your eye which is the pupil. If you have a hyphema, your vision in that eye might be partly or completely blocked. Hyphema symptoms include, 

<ul><li>Blood in the front of your eye</li><li>Sensitivity to light</li><li>Pain in the eye</li><li>Blurry, cloudy, or blocked vision</li></ul>

Since most hyphemas are due to sports injuries, it's very important to wear proper eye protection when playing sports. Injuries from small, fast-moving balls, like in racquetball, can cause serious eye problems beyond just hyphema, such as cataracts, detached retinas, and glaucoma, which can even lead to blindness. However, it is treatable so it is best to visit a doctor to get it checked out 

Bleeding eyes

american academy of ophthalmology

Red spots in your eye

blood vessel breakage in eye

subconjunctival hemorrhage

hyphema

A 13-year-old boy walked into the emergency room one day with bloodshot eyes. He didn't have any other eye problems like blurry vision, extra tears, discharge, or pain. He also didn't have a fever or any eye injury. His parents mentioned that for four days before his eyes turned red, he had been vomiting and had diarrhea a lot. This started after they returned home from a trip to Mexico that lasted a few weeks. When doctors examined him, they found a healthy, awake boy who wasn't in any discomfort. Everything else about his body seemed normal, except for the very red eyes. The redness was in both eyes, underneath the clear outer layer, but there was no discharge, no sensitivity to light, and his eye movements and vision were fine. Doctors believed his red eyes were caused by the extreme vomiting and gagging he experienced. This pressure likely made tiny blood vessels in his eye burst. He was admitted to the hospital for severe stomach flu. As his vomiting and diarrhea got better, the redness in his eyes also went away by itself within a few days. A Scary Symptom But ‘Not So Scary’ Cause According to the American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO), a subconjunctival hemorrhage is simply one or more bright red spots on the white part of your eye. It happens because the clear covering of your eye, called the conjunctiva, has many tiny blood vessels. When one of these small vessels breaks, blood leaks out and gets trapped between the conjunctiva and the white of your eye (the sclera). This is what creates that noticeable red spot. Even though these red spots can look alarming, a subconjunctival hemorrhage is usually harmless and will often heal on its own. The main symptom of a subconjunctival hemorrhage is just the red spot itself. You might not even realize you have it until you look in a mirror. Sometimes, you might feel a very slight irritation in your eye, but usually, there's no pain. What Causes These Red Spots? Most often, subconjunctival hemorrhages are caused by actions that briefly increase the pressure in your veins, such as: CoughingSneezingStraining (like when lifting something heavy or having a bowel movement)This quick jump in pressure can cause those tiny blood vessels to break.Injuries to the eye, even something as simple as rubbing your eyes too hard, can also cause these spots.Less common causes include: DiabetesHigh blood pressure Taking medicines that thin your blood, like aspirin or certain blood thinnersVery rarely, a subconjunctival hemorrhage can be a sign of a blood clotting problem or another blood disorder affecting your whole body. A subconjunctival hemorrhage typically heals by itself without any specific treatment. The time it takes to clear up depends on the size of the spot, usually ranging from a few days to a few weeks. If your eye feels a bit irritated, you can use artificial tears to help. If you find yourself getting these red spots often, your eye doctor will want to talk with you and might recommend further tests to figure out why. When These Red Spots Are A Cause Of Concern AAO explains that it is easy to mix up a hyphema with a common, harmless condition called a subconjunctival hemorrhage, which is just a broken blood vessel in the white part of your eye. A subconjunctival hemorrhage doesn't hurt. However, a hyphema is usually painful and needs proper medical attention right away, or it could cause lasting vision problems. A hyphema is when blood collects in the front part of your eye. This happens in the space between the clear outer layer which is called the cornea and the colored part of your eye (the iris). The blood can cover some or all of your iris and the dark center of your eye which is the pupil. If you have a hyphema, your vision in that eye might be partly or completely blocked. Hyphema symptoms include, Blood in the front of your eyeSensitivity to lightPain in the eyeBlurry, cloudy, or blocked visionWhat Causes Hyphema? Since most hyphemas are due to sports injuries, it's very important to wear proper eye protection when playing sports. Injuries from small, fast-moving balls, like in racquetball, can cause serious eye problems beyond just hyphema, such as cataracts, detached retinas, and glaucoma, which can even lead to blindness. However, it is treatable so it is best to visit a doctor to get it checked out 

my eye is bleeding? what does it mean when you have a big red patch on the whites of your eye

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this condition is the unexpected cause of jaw pain - 77% women with it had jaw and muscle pain

Bone cancer develops when bone cells start to multiply rapidly and in an unusual manner. This results in break down of the bone. These bone cancer cells may also travel by blood to other oarts of the body like lung and other bones.

Bone tumours occur in two age groups. Children and adolescents and people above the age of 50 years. However it must be remembered that majority of the bony swellings are benign(non-cancerous). 

<h2>What are the Signs and Symptoms of Bone Cancer?</h2>

The bone which is affected may start paining. The pain may be intermittent initially but can later become continuous as the disease progresses. The pain may be worse at night. There may be a swelling or lump in the area. The disease may weaken the bone to cause a fracture. All these symptoms can also be caused by conditions that are not bone cancer. So if you have these symptoms you must tell your doctor.

Your doctor can order an X-ray of the bone affected. If X-ray is suggestive of bone cancer other tests will be required. These include blood tests, imaging studies like CT scan and MRI scan to check the affected bone. A whole body bone scan or PET scan may required to see if the disease has spead to other parts of the body.

A biopsy is required to check if it is actually cancer. The biopsy is sent to a pathologist to confirm the diagnosis. The biopsy should be done by an experienced onco-surgeon. A wrongly placed biopsy site can be disastrous for the patient.

<h2>What Are the Treatment Options For Bone Cancer?</h2>

Bone cancer if detected in time can be cured. The treatment consists of mainly Sugery and Chemotherapy. Surgery these days involves what is known as <span>limb salvage surgery</span>. This is when the surgeon removes part of the arm or leg where the cancer is growing without removing the whole limb. Chemotherapy is required before and after surgery in many cases. It helps in killing cancer cells which may have spread by blood in the body. With early diagnosis and prompt treatment bone tumour can be cured in a large number of case especially in early stages. There are no common risk factors to bone cancers. Exposure to radiation and a family history are a few known factors.

The key to treatment of bone tumour is early referral to a specialist and management in a specilised oncology centre

bone cancer awareness month

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limb salvage surgery

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bone cancer biopsy

Bone cancer develops when bone cells start to multiply rapidly and in an unusual manner. This results in break down of the bone. These bone cancer cells may also travel by blood to other oarts of the body like lung and other bones.Bone tumours occur in two age groups. Children and adolescents and people above the age of 50 years. However it must be remembered that majority of the bony swellings are benign(non-cancerous). What are the Signs and Symptoms of Bone Cancer?The bone which is affected may start paining. The pain may be intermittent initially but can later become continuous as the disease progresses. The pain may be worse at night. There may be a swelling or lump in the area. The disease may weaken the bone to cause a fracture. All these symptoms can also be caused by conditions that are not bone cancer. So if you have these symptoms you must tell your doctor.What Can The Doctor Do?Your doctor can order an X-ray of the bone affected. If X-ray is suggestive of bone cancer other tests will be required. These include blood tests, imaging studies like CT scan and MRI scan to check the affected bone. A whole body bone scan or PET scan may required to see if the disease has spead to other parts of the body.A biopsy is required to check if it is actually cancer. The biopsy is sent to a pathologist to confirm the diagnosis. The biopsy should be done by an experienced onco-surgeon. A wrongly placed biopsy site can be disastrous for the patient.What Are the Treatment Options For Bone Cancer?Bone cancer if detected in time can be cured. The treatment consists of mainly Sugery and Chemotherapy. Surgery these days involves what is known as limb salvage surgery. This is when the surgeon removes part of the arm or leg where the cancer is growing without removing the whole limb. Chemotherapy is required before and after surgery in many cases. It helps in killing cancer cells which may have spread by blood in the body. With early diagnosis and prompt treatment bone tumour can be cured in a large number of case especially in early stages. There are no common risk factors to bone cancers. Exposure to radiation and a family history are a few known factors.The key to treatment of bone tumour is early referral to a specialist and management in a specilised oncology centre

bone cancer awareness month:  bone cancer isn’t just an elderly disease: when to suspect a tumor and know the risks at any age

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