The Union Government has introduced a significant expansion of the Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (AB PM-JAY), which now extends health coverage to all citizens aged 70 and above. This monumental decision will provide much-needed relief to an additional 6 crore senior citizens from 4.5 crore families across India. Under the new provisions, individuals in this age group, irrespective of income or socio-economic status, will receive a health insurance cover of ₹5 lakh per family, aimed at easing the financial burden of healthcare expenses.Prime Minister Narendra Modi, while chairing the Union Cabinet meeting, emphasized the significance of this expansion, stating that it is a step towards ensuring accessible and affordable healthcare for India's ageing population. "We are committed to ensuring top-quality healthcare for every Indian," the Prime Minister posted on X (formerly Twitter).The scheme, which previously provided health cover to the bottom 40% of India's population based on income criteria, now guarantees health coverage for all senior citizens above 70, including those already benefiting from other government insurance schemes such as the Central Government Health Scheme (CGHS) and Ex-Servicemen Contributory Health Scheme (ECHS). Those enrolled in private health insurance policies or the Employees' State Insurance Scheme (ESI) are also eligible for AB PM-JAY, offering a more inclusive approach to elderly healthcare.Key Features of the Expanded AB PM-JAY SchemeThe Ayushman Bharat PM-JAY, which is already the world’s largest publicly funded health assurance scheme, will now reach an even broader population. With this expansion, each senior citizen aged 70 and above will be issued a distinct health card, ensuring they can easily access the benefits without any financial constraints. Some of the key highlights include:Universal Coverage for Seniors: Every senior citizen aged 70 and above, regardless of income or social standing, will receive ₹5 lakh health coverage.Top-Up Cover: For families already enrolled under AB PM-JAY, senior members will get an additional top-up cover of ₹5 lakh annually, which is exclusively for their use. This means they will not have to share the coverage with other family members under 70 years of age.Flexibility with Existing Schemes: Individuals already covered under public health schemes like CGHS, ECHS, or Ayushman CAPF can either continue with their current insurance or opt for AB PM-JAY, offering flexibility and choice.Inclusive of Private Insurance Holders: Even senior citizens with private health insurance will be eligible for this scheme, providing them with dual protection if they choose to avail of both options.Financial Implications and State ContributionsThe initial cost to roll out this expanded health coverage is estimated at ₹3,437 crore. State governments will bear 40% of the expenses, while the Central Government will contribute the remaining 60%. However, for hilly and northeastern states, the Centre will fund 90% of the costs, ensuring that these regions, often with lower healthcare access, are adequately supported.As the scheme unfolds, experts anticipate that the demand for senior citizen enrolment will rise, potentially increasing the overall cost of the program. This is because healthcare for elderly individuals typically incurs higher expenses due to the increased risk of chronic diseases and medical needs associated with ageing.India's senior population is set to rise significantly in the coming decades. According to the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI), the percentage of individuals aged 60 and above is projected to increase from 8.6% in 2011 to 19.5% by 2050. This means that the population of senior citizens will triple from 103 million in 2011 to 319 million by 2050. The expansion of AB PM-JAY is a timely intervention to cater to this demographic shift, ensuring that elderly citizens are not left vulnerable to escalating healthcare costs.As families in India transition to more nuclear structures, the financial burden on elderly members can become increasingly difficult to manage. This expansion of the AB PM-JAY scheme offers crucial social security, particularly for senior citizens who may not have the same level of familial or financial support. With a dedicated top-up for senior citizens, the scheme ensures they receive the medical attention they need without sharing resources with younger family members.By lifting income-based restrictions, the government is broadening the scope of its health policies, allowing more people to benefit from the scheme. The inclusion of senior citizens from all socio-economic backgrounds reinforces the government’s commitment to universal healthcare and offers peace of mind to millions of elderly Indians. Furthermore, the move aligns with the government's vision of a more inclusive healthcare system, addressing the unique needs of India’s growing elderly population.