A growing number of people under 50 are being diagnosed with colorectal cancer. Colon cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths for both men and women and the expected death toll from it in 2025 is about 52,900 (American Cancer Society). Recent research suggests that while a new push for earlier screening has led to more early-stage diagnoses, it doesn't fully explain the overall increase in cases among younger adults. The rise in diagnoses for this age group actually began in the mid-1990s and includes more advanced cancers as well. What Caused The Increase In Earlier Colon Cancer Diagnosis? In recent years, major health organizations like the American Cancer Society and the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force lowered the recommended age for average-risk adults to start getting screened for colorectal cancer from 50 to 45. This change has already had a positive effect. Two recent studies from the American Cancer Society, published in the medical journal JAMA, show that this new guideline is helping catch cancer earlier. The first study found that the number of adults ages 45 to 49 getting screened jumped from about 20% in 2019 to nearly 34% in 2023. The second study found that early-stage diagnoses in this age group increased by 50% in just one year. This means that a lot of these cancers are being found when they are easier to treat and before they become life-threatening. What Are The Symptoms of Colon Cancer? Even with the new screening age, many people who are diagnosed with colorectal cancer are still too young to be eligible for screening. This is why it's so important for everyone—regardless of age—to know the warning signs and talk to a doctor about any unusual changes. The most common symptom for younger people is rectal bleeding. Other key symptoms to watch for include: A lasting change in bowel habits or the shape of your stoolStomach cramps or painA loss of appetite or unexplained weight lossUnexplained weight loss or fatiguePencil Thin Stool – Symptom or Myth? However, this idea is largely a myth. It started in the late 1800s, and while it was dismissed by experts in the mid-1900s due to a lack of evidence, it somehow found its way back into medical textbooks. A 2009 study published in the Digestive Diseases and Sciences journal explained that thin stool is usually just a sign of diarrhea. Because diarrhea is much more common than colon cancer, a change in stool size alone isn't a reliable warning sign. Sending patients for a colonoscopy based only on this one symptom isn't necessary. It causes patients to go through an uncomfortable and risky procedure they don't need, and it puts a strain on our healthcare system. Instead of focusing on stool size, it's more important to watch for other, more authentic symptoms of colorectal cancer, such as the ones mentioned above. If you have these symptoms, you should talk to your doctor. How Is Colon Cancer In Men Different Than Men? While colorectal cancer is a serious health issue for everyone, a 2015 review in World Journal of Gastroenterology shows that women over the age of 65 have a higher death rate and a lower chance of survival compared to men of the same age. This suggests that the way we approach this cancer needs to be different for women. There are several important reasons why women might have a tougher time with colorectal cancer: Tumor Location Women are more likely to get cancer on the right side of the colon, which is often a more aggressive type of tumor. Standard screening tests may not be as effective at finding these tumors early. Anatomy and Screening The unique anatomy of the female colon can sometimes make colonoscopies more difficult, potentially leading to missed or delayed diagnoses. Additionally, social and cultural factors can sometimes cause women to put off screening appointments. Treatment and Prevention Men and women's bodies can react differently to the same cancer treatments. Some drugs can cause side effects that are specific to the female reproductive system. Also, most studies on dietary risk factors don't consider how a man's diet might affect him differently than a woman's.