Spinach has long been celebrated for the nutritional value it holds, and like we all know, Popeye, too was fan of this superfood, before this term was even popularized. However, spinach has benefits beyond dietary values. It has a unique property that excites biomedical engineers. The properties are its veins, which closely resemble the blood vessels in a human heart. Creating an artificial heart with so many capillaries is not easy, and if spinach has them already, them why look around?In 2017, researchers at Worcester Polytechnic Institute (WPI) in Massachusetts repurposed spinach leaves to address a critical medical challenge - that is, the lack of donor organs, especially heart. As per the Organ Donation Statistic, every day, around 17 people die, waiting for an organ transplant on the organ donor list. This could be solved, if this study actually proves to work in favour for those who are waiting in line for heart transplant. From Spinach to Beating Heart CellsThe inspiration among the scientists arose during a casual lunch discussion, which included bioengineers Glenn Gaudette and Joshua Gershlak. Once they recognised the natural structure of spinach veins, they hypothesized that the plant's vein network could serve as a scaffold for growing human heart tissue. How Was Spinach Replicated As Human Heart?The process began by stripping spinach leaves off their cells, and then turning them translucent by dipping them in detergent, this left behind a cellulose matrix. This material is compatible with the mammalian tissue. This matrix preserved the intricate vein network of the leaf. Researchers then seeded the matrix with human cardiac muscle cells and within the next 5 days, the cells began to contact rhythmically, which mimicked a heartbeat. While the experiment did not fully create a functional piece of heart muscle, it did mark a significant milestone as the spinach veins were able to transport dyed liquid. This demonstrated their potential to support blood flow in engineered tissues. Investigating Plant Scaffolds for Medical UseScientists have employed plant resources to produce human tissue before. An apple was previously stripped of its cells by researchers in Ottawa, who reshaped it into a scaffold for cervical tissue. However, the WPI team was the first to investigate the potential of repurposing plant veins for cardiac purposes.The scientists also conducted experiments with other plants, such as parsley and peanut hairy roots, to demonstrate that diverse plant morphologies may support different types of tissue growth. They even considered exploiting the intricate forms of broccoli or cauliflower to generate lung tissue.Heart-Healthy Spinach: The FutureDespite the favorable findings, considerable challenges remain. The researchers must investigate if plant-based scaffolds are rejected in human hosts and develop strategies to improve hybrid tissue. One way is to stack numerous decellularized leaves to produce a thickness similar to human heart walls.Gaudette and his team hope to one day use their spinach-based scaffolds to mend damaged heart tissue. Their approach has the potential to pave the way for low-cost and accessible organ repair and regeneration treatments.This one-of-a-kind plant-based application demonstrates how nature's ideas may inspire cutting-edge medical advancements, giving hope to those waiting for lifesaving transplants.