You probably wash your shirts, pants, and jackets without thinking twice. But your shoes? Chances are they’ve been overlooked. Research shows they may be far dirtier than you realize harboring bacteria, fungi, and even fecal matter—and that skipping regular washes can affect not just hygiene but also skin health. Add in sweaty summers or damp, rainy months, and the case for washing clothes and shoes more regularly becomes even stronger.A study from the Cleaning Industry Research Institute tested brand-new shoes worn for just two weeks. The results were startling: researchers found more than 421,000 bacterial units on the outside of the shoes and nearly 3,000 on the inside. Even more concerning, 96% of the pairs carried fecal bacteria, most likely picked up from public restrooms and sidewalks.Another study across 30 homes showed that Clostridium difficile, a germ that can cause severe diarrhea and potentially life-threatening colon inflammation, was more likely to be found on shoe soles than on a toilet seat. Shoes also frequently carry E. coli, salmonella, MRSA, and fungi that can cause athlete’s foot or cellulitis. Because bacteria transfer easily—at rates as high as 90 to 99%—whatever is on your shoes is likely making its way onto your floors and eventually your hands, clothing, and skin.Shoes aren’t the only culprits. Clothes that aren’t washed regularly become breeding grounds for bacteria, fungi, and mold, especially in warm or humid conditions. During monsoon season in tropical countries—or high-humidity summers elsewhere—clothes often stay damp for longer, which is perfect for fungal growth.Dr. Geetika Srivastava, dermatologist explains that fabric choice and hygiene matter far more than most people think. “Artificial fabrics like polyester and nylon trap sweat and moisture, creating conditions for rashes, fungal infections, and acne. Natural fabrics like cotton and linen are more breathable and help the skin stay healthy,” she says.The same logic applies globally, whether it’s monsoon rains in India, sticky New York summers, or wet winters in Northern Europe. Anywhere sweat and moisture meet skin, the risk of infection rises if clothes and shoes aren’t washed frequently.What Happens When You Skip the Wash?The consequences of neglecting shoes and clothes aren’t just about bad odor. They can include:Skin infections: Fungal infections like athlete’s foot or ringworm thrive in damp shoes and sweaty clothes.Respiratory risks: Shoes can carry bacteria such as Klebsiella pneumoniae, linked to lung infections.Gastrointestinal illness: Pathogens like C. diff or E. coli can spread indoors from dirty shoes.Foot complications: Poor hygiene increases risks of diabetic foot infections, nail fungus, or hookworm exposure in certain regions.Even something as simple as letting damp clothes sit unwashed after being caught in the rain can trigger breakouts, rashes, or fungal growth.How Often Should You Wash?The frequency depends on how much exposure your clothes and shoes have:Shoes: Athletic shoes worn daily should be washed every couple of weeks, while casual shoes may only need cleaning every few months. Machine washing removes 90–99% of bacteria, though wipes or sprays can help in between.Clothes: Daily-wear clothing like undergarments, socks, and workout gear should be washed after each use. Jeans and jackets can go a few wears but should never be left damp after rain or sweat exposure.Seasonal adjustments: During humid or rainy weather, increase wash frequency since dampness prolongs bacterial survival. In dry climates, spacing washes slightly longer may be safe, though odor is usually a good indicator.Tips For Building Healthier Hygiene HabitsThe Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) emphasizes foot and clothing hygiene as key to preventing infections. Basic steps include washing feet daily, drying them completely, changing socks regularly, and inspecting for cuts or fungal growth. Shoes should be left at the entrance to reduce bacterial transfer indoors, and hands should be washed after handling them.For clothes, ensuring they’re thoroughly dried is as important as washing them. Wearing partially dried garments increases the risk of fungal infections, especially in humid climates. Dr. Srivastava advises avoiding tight clothes during damp or sweaty seasons, opting instead for loose fits in lighter shades that keep skin cooler and drier.Washing clothes and shoes more regularly isn’t just a tropical or monsoon issue. In the United States, studies have shown that 90% of shoe bacteria can transfer directly to household floors, while in colder countries, damp winter boots often cause fungal infections if not cleaned and dried properly. In Australia, hot summers drive excessive sweating, making both footwear and clothing a hygiene challenge.Regular washing may feel like a chore, but the payoff is huge, fewer illnesses, fresher skin, and longer-lasting clothes and shoes. Investing in breathable fabrics, proper drying, and routine cleaning is a simple but powerful step toward healthier living.What this really means is that the laundry cycle shouldn’t end with shirts and pants. Shoes and the bacteria they drag along need equal attention. So the next time you think about skipping that wash, remember- it’s not just about smelling clean, it’s about staying healthy.Dr. Geetika Srivastava, MBBS, MD (AIIMS) is a Dermatologist and Founder of Influennz Clinic in New Delhi, India