Do you reach for a cup of tea, soda, or coffee late in the evening thinking it'll help you push through one more task? You're not alone. Millions of us rely on a nighttime caffeine kick to stay sharp, power through deadlines, or keep up with night shifts. But here’s the thing—science is now saying that habit might be doing more harm than good, especially if you’re a woman.If you're the type to swear by an evening coffee buzz—perhaps to get through work, late-night cramming, or overnight shifts—you may want to reconsider that ritual. A recent study from biologists at The University of Texas at El Paso (UTEP) has come up with something troubling: consuming caffeine in the evening can boost impulsivity, and women appear to be disproportionately impacted.The UTEP researchers, Erick Saldes, Ph.D., Paul Sabandal, Ph.D., and Professor Kyung-An Han, Ph.D., carried out experiments with fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster) to learn about the neurological and behavioral impact of nighttime consumption of caffeine.Despite their size, they’ve been crucial to neuroscience because they share many genetic and neural mechanisms with humans.The researchers fed caffeine to fruit flies at different times—day and night—and then exposed them to strong gusts of air, a stimulus known to naturally stop their movement. Under normal conditions, the flies froze but when they were dosed with caffeine at night, they became reckless, flying into the wind instead of halting. In short, they displayed impulsive behaviors.Daytime caffeine consumption, on the other hand, didn’t trigger the same recklessness. What made the findings even more striking was the sex-based difference. Female fruit flies were more impulsive than males—even though both had similar caffeine levels in their systems.According to Dr. Han, “Flies don’t have estrogen, so it’s not a hormonal effect as we typically think of it. That tells us something deeper, maybe genetic or physiological, is going on in the female nervous system.”What Women Need to Know about CaffeineSure, we’re not fruit flies but this research offers insights into how caffeine could be interfering with human behavior and brain function—especially in the hours when our bodies are biologically wired to wind down.For women, the stakes might be even higher. Caffeine doesn’t just interfere with sleep or alertness—it has specific, measurable effects on hormone regulation, metabolism, and even fertility. Research has shown that caffeine:Stays longer in women’s bodies than in men’sIncreases insulin levels more significantly in femalesCan elevate blood pressure in womenDepletes hormone-regulating nutrients and minerals, contributing to hormonal imbalanceCombine that with nighttime consumption—which may already be disrupting circadian rhythm and melatonin production—and you’ve got a recipe for restlessness, decision fatigue, and poor impulse control.Can You Metabolize Caffeine?One of the less talked about aspects of caffeine is how differently people metabolize it. This mostly depends on a gene called CYP1A2, which controls how efficiently your liver processes caffeine. Roughly 90% of people have variations in this gene that slow down caffeine metabolism. That means caffeine lingers in your system, overstimulating your nervous system long after your last sip.For women, this matters even more. The CYP1A2 gene also plays a role in estrogen metabolism. If you’re not breaking down caffeine efficiently, chances are you're also not metabolizing estrogen properly, which can trigger or worsen conditions like:PCOSFibroidsEndometriosisEstrogen dominanceFertility strugglesAnd according to a 2006 study, women with this genetic variation who consume more than two cups of coffee daily are at a higher risk of heart attacks.Symptoms You Might Be Overdoing It on CaffeineYou don’t need a genetic test to spot signs of hormone imbalance. If you're experiencing any of these symptoms, your caffeine habit might be making things worse:Irregular periods or painful crampsChronic fatigue or low energyMood swings, anxiety, or cyclical depressionAcne and bloatingSugar cravings that feel impossible to resistDifficulty losing weight despite exercisingLow libido or persistent PMSCyclical migrainesFor women navigating hormonal shifts—whether due to age, stress, lifestyle, or health conditions—cutting back on caffeine (especially at night) could offer a surprisingly big payoff.What This Means for Night Owls and Shift Workers?Healthcare professionals, emergency responders, military personnel, hospitality workers, and night-shift employees often rely on caffeine to stay alert during long, demanding hours. But this new study raises concerns about how caffeine might be affecting their judgment and performance—especially among women.Impulsivity doesn’t just show up as erratic behavior. It can affect everything from decision-making and reaction time to interpersonal interactions and risk-taking behavior. For people in high-stakes jobs, that’s not just a personal concern—it’s a public safety issue.Should You Ditch the Nightcap Coffee?That depends on your body, your habits, and your goals. But here’s what the evidence points to:If you’re a woman dealing with hormone-related health issues, caffeine may be doing more harm than good—especially at night.If you’re struggling with poor sleep, anxiety, or mood swings, caffeine could be amplifying those issues.If you rely on late-night coffee for focus, be aware that it might come with trade-offs: less self-control, poor decision-making, and more stress on your nervous system.There’s no one-size-fits-all rule, but the more you understand your body’s relationship with caffeine, the more intentional you can be with your intake.The UTEP study may have started with fruit flies, but the insights it offers go far beyond the lab. Nighttime caffeine consumption isn’t just about alertness—it’s tied to how our brains function, how our hormones balance, and how we make decisions under pressure. And for women, who already face a complex landscape of hormonal and physiological shifts, the risks appear to be magnified.If you’re someone who’s reaching for coffee after dark, it may be time to tune into how it’s actually making you feel—and whether that jolt of energy is worth the ripple effect on your body and mind.