Health and Me

Tanya Dutt

1 In 8 Babies Born Premature In India, 17% Having Low Birth Weight— Health Survey Blames Air Pollution

India is struggling with alarmingly high levels of premature deliveries and low birth weights in infants, and the cause could be one of the nation's most pressing environmental threats—air pollution.

As per India's National Family Health Survey-5 (2019–21), about 13% of infants were born pre-term and 17% were low birth weight, with the research identifying airborne fine particulate matter or PM2.5 as a key driver of these negative birth outcomes. The results, published in PLoS Global Public Health, are the outcome of cross-institutional collaboration between Indian and global research centers. By uniting large-scale health survey data with air quality remote sensing, the scientists have mapped not only the extent of the problem but also its underlying environmental causes.

The research, conducted in association with India's leading scientific institutions such as IIT Delhi, International Institute for Population Sciences (Mumbai), and collaborating UK and Irish partners, merged public health information with high-resolution satellite images to evaluate the impact of air pollution on pregnancies. With sophisticated spatial modeling and statistical analysis, researchers found that increased exposure to PM2.5 during pregnancy was associated with a 70% greater risk of preterm birth and a 40% greater chance of low birth weight.

This is a major public health issue, with both outcomes having long-term health consequences for infants, from cognitive disabilities to chronic conditions such as diabetes and heart disease in adult life.

<h2>What Connects Air Pollution with Preterm Births?</h2>

At the center of the crisis is fine particulate matter (PM2.5)—small airborne particles smaller than 2.5 microns in diameter, emitted primarily from the combustion of fossil fuels and biomass. The particles are tiny enough to reach deep into the lungs and into the bloodstream, and they threaten the health of mothers and fetuses equally.

The research determined that higher exposure to PM2.5 during pregnancy was linked with a 40% increased likelihood of low birth weight and a 70% increased risk of preterm delivery. The rise of 10 microgram per cubic meter (μg/m³) in PM2.5 exposure was correlated with a 5% increase in the prevalence of low birth weight and a 12% increase in preterm delivery.

These results are consistent with global evidence, including a recent meta-analysis, which reported a similar dose-response pattern between exposure to PM2.5 and adverse birth outcomes globally. Exposure to other PM2.5 components—black carbon, nitrates, and sulfates—has also been associated with spontaneous preterm birth, especially in the second trimester.

The research identified glaring regional inequities. States in the higher Gangetic plains of North India, including Punjab, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, and Bihar, demonstrated the greatest PM2.5 levels. These states also had the greatest rates of premature births and low birth-weight babies. For example, Himachal Pradesh reported a whopping 39% premature birth rate, followed by Uttarakhand (27%), Rajasthan (18%), and Delhi (17%).

Conversely, the northeastern states of Mizoram, Manipur, and Tripura did notably better, with reduced air pollution rates and associated improved outcomes at birth. The results indicate the imperative for focused policy action in northern India, where urbanization, agricultural burning, and the use of fossil fuels are pushing perilously bad air quality.

<h2>Can Climate Change Is Add to the Crisis?</h2>

Aside from air pollution, other climate factors like temperature and changes in rainfall patterns also affected pregnancy outcomes, according to the Indian study. The study observes that intense heat waves, irregular monsoons, and water shortages—characteristics of the climate emergency—can directly affect the health of the mother and fetus.

With this convergence of environmental and reproductive health, specialists are increasingly advocating for the incorporation of climate adaptation measures in public health planning. Localized heat action plans, improved water management systems, and effective risk communication systems are among these. 

<h2>How Air Pollution Harms Pregnancies?</h2>

The journey from contaminated air to poor birth outcomes is both subtle and direct. PM2.5 and its components have the ability to penetrate the placental barrier, leading to inflammation and oxidative stress in the placental tissue. This inflammation is directly related to preterm labor, low birth weight, and even neurodevelopmental delay in children.

Black carbon, one of the dominant fractions of PM2.5, has been found to interfere with fetal development and raise the risk of preeclampsia and preterm rupture of membranes, further putting mother and child at risk. The additive effect is increased odds of babies being born too early or too light, with health consequences for life.

India's National Clean Air Programme (NCAP), initiated in 2019, plans to lower PM levels by 20–30% in 122 non-attainment cities by 2024. It's good that it is a move towards improvement, but according to researchers, efforts need to be scaled up and enforced more strictly, particularly in the northern belt where pollution levels are still critically high.

The researchers of the study also suggest greater public health outreach, including education campaigns for pregnant women, frontline health workers, and policymakers. Education about air quality monitoring, prenatal care access, and simple measures to avoid exposure are crucially necessary.

<h2>How Pregnant Women Can Protect Themselves?</h2>

Although systemic change is necessary, there are also measures individuals—particularly pregnant women—can take to lower their risk:

<ul><li>Monitor local air quality and limit outdoor activities when pollution levels are high.</li><li>Use air purifiers and maintain clean indoor environments.</li><li>Avoid heavily trafficked roads and industrial areas whenever possible.</li><li>Eat a diet rich in antioxidants, which may help counteract some of the harmful effects of air pollutants.</li></ul>

Yet, with air pollution still on the increase, such individual precautions need to be supplemented by strong public health and policy measures so that meaningful protection for both mothers and infants is guaranteed.

This research reinforces a growing body of international evidence that links air pollution to reproductive and neonatal health risks. According to the World Health Organization, over 90% of the global population breathes unsafe outdoor air, and half are exposed to indoor pollution from traditional cooking methods involving coal, dung, or wood.

Worldwide, 15 million babies are born prematurely each year, and so preterm birth is the predominant cause of neonatal deaths. By which standards is the Indian study a local health concern—it's a global warning for health.

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India is struggling with alarmingly high levels of premature deliveries and low birth weights in infants, and the cause could be one of the nation's most pressing environmental threats—air pollution.As per India's National Family Health Survey-5 (2019–21), about 13% of infants were born pre-term and 17% were low birth weight, with the research identifying airborne fine particulate matter or PM2.5 as a key driver of these negative birth outcomes. The results, published in PLoS Global Public Health, are the outcome of cross-institutional collaboration between Indian and global research centers. By uniting large-scale health survey data with air quality remote sensing, the scientists have mapped not only the extent of the problem but also its underlying environmental causes.The research, conducted in association with India's leading scientific institutions such as IIT Delhi, International Institute for Population Sciences (Mumbai), and collaborating UK and Irish partners, merged public health information with high-resolution satellite images to evaluate the impact of air pollution on pregnancies. With sophisticated spatial modeling and statistical analysis, researchers found that increased exposure to PM2.5 during pregnancy was associated with a 70% greater risk of preterm birth and a 40% greater chance of low birth weight.This is a major public health issue, with both outcomes having long-term health consequences for infants, from cognitive disabilities to chronic conditions such as diabetes and heart disease in adult life.What Connects Air Pollution with Preterm Births?At the center of the crisis is fine particulate matter (PM2.5)—small airborne particles smaller than 2.5 microns in diameter, emitted primarily from the combustion of fossil fuels and biomass. The particles are tiny enough to reach deep into the lungs and into the bloodstream, and they threaten the health of mothers and fetuses equally.The research determined that higher exposure to PM2.5 during pregnancy was linked with a 40% increased likelihood of low birth weight and a 70% increased risk of preterm delivery. The rise of 10 microgram per cubic meter (μg/m³) in PM2.5 exposure was correlated with a 5% increase in the prevalence of low birth weight and a 12% increase in preterm delivery.These results are consistent with global evidence, including a recent meta-analysis, which reported a similar dose-response pattern between exposure to PM2.5 and adverse birth outcomes globally. Exposure to other PM2.5 components—black carbon, nitrates, and sulfates—has also been associated with spontaneous preterm birth, especially in the second trimester.The research identified glaring regional inequities. States in the higher Gangetic plains of North India, including Punjab, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, and Bihar, demonstrated the greatest PM2.5 levels. These states also had the greatest rates of premature births and low birth-weight babies. For example, Himachal Pradesh reported a whopping 39% premature birth rate, followed by Uttarakhand (27%), Rajasthan (18%), and Delhi (17%).Conversely, the northeastern states of Mizoram, Manipur, and Tripura did notably better, with reduced air pollution rates and associated improved outcomes at birth. The results indicate the imperative for focused policy action in northern India, where urbanization, agricultural burning, and the use of fossil fuels are pushing perilously bad air quality.Can Climate Change Is Add to the Crisis?Aside from air pollution, other climate factors like temperature and changes in rainfall patterns also affected pregnancy outcomes, according to the Indian study. The study observes that intense heat waves, irregular monsoons, and water shortages—characteristics of the climate emergency—can directly affect the health of the mother and fetus.With this convergence of environmental and reproductive health, specialists are increasingly advocating for the incorporation of climate adaptation measures in public health planning. Localized heat action plans, improved water management systems, and effective risk communication systems are among these. How Air Pollution Harms Pregnancies?The journey from contaminated air to poor birth outcomes is both subtle and direct. PM2.5 and its components have the ability to penetrate the placental barrier, leading to inflammation and oxidative stress in the placental tissue. This inflammation is directly related to preterm labor, low birth weight, and even neurodevelopmental delay in children.Black carbon, one of the dominant fractions of PM2.5, has been found to interfere with fetal development and raise the risk of preeclampsia and preterm rupture of membranes, further putting mother and child at risk. The additive effect is increased odds of babies being born too early or too light, with health consequences for life.India's National Clean Air Programme (NCAP), initiated in 2019, plans to lower PM levels by 20–30% in 122 non-attainment cities by 2024. It's good that it is a move towards improvement, but according to researchers, efforts need to be scaled up and enforced more strictly, particularly in the northern belt where pollution levels are still critically high.The researchers of the study also suggest greater public health outreach, including education campaigns for pregnant women, frontline health workers, and policymakers. Education about air quality monitoring, prenatal care access, and simple measures to avoid exposure are crucially necessary.How Pregnant Women Can Protect Themselves?Although systemic change is necessary, there are also measures individuals—particularly pregnant women—can take to lower their risk:Monitor local air quality and limit outdoor activities when pollution levels are high.Use air purifiers and maintain clean indoor environments.Avoid heavily trafficked roads and industrial areas whenever possible.Eat a diet rich in antioxidants, which may help counteract some of the harmful effects of air pollutants.Yet, with air pollution still on the increase, such individual precautions need to be supplemented by strong public health and policy measures so that meaningful protection for both mothers and infants is guaranteed.This research reinforces a growing body of international evidence that links air pollution to reproductive and neonatal health risks. According to the World Health Organization, over 90% of the global population breathes unsafe outdoor air, and half are exposed to indoor pollution from traditional cooking methods involving coal, dung, or wood.Worldwide, 15 million babies are born prematurely each year, and so preterm birth is the predominant cause of neonatal deaths. By which standards is the Indian study a local health concern—it's a global warning for health.

1 in 8 babies born premature in india, 17% having low birth weight— health survey blames air pollution

Ishita Roy

Kang Seo-ha dies at 31 due to stomach cancer

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South Korean actress <span>Kang</span> Seo-ha, known for her performances in K-dramas like <em>First Love Again</em> and <em>The Flower in Prison</em> passed away at the age of 31 after a long battle with <span>stomach cancer</span>. Her family also confirmed the news on Monday. 

Kang's family took to Instagram, and posted a video along with a long note in remembrance of her.

“I still can’t believe it, unnie. Even while enduring such immense pain, you worried about those around you and about me. Even though you couldn’t eat for months, you insisted on paying for my meals with your own card and never let me skip a meal. My angel, who left us far too soon. Even as you endured everything with painkillers, you said you were grateful that it wasn’t worse, and I felt truly ashamed. My dear sister, you went through so much. I hope you are only happy and free from pain where you are now,” the note read.

A memorial service is also being organized at Seoul St Mary's Hospital and the funeral procession is scheduled at 7.40am on July 16 (KST).

<h4>Kang Seo Ha's <span rel="noindex">Cancer</span></h4>

It was in 2024 that Kang was diagnosed with advanced stomach cancer. As per reports, she had stage IV stomach cancer and underwent treatment, including multiple rounds of chemotherapy, while she continued to fulfill her professional commitments. However, in mid-2025, her health rapidly declined, leading to her death. 

As per the National Cancer Institute, US, cancer stage describes the extent of cancer in the body, which includes the size of the tumor, whether it has spread, and how far has it spread from where it was first formed.

In stage IV stomach cancer, which Kang too was suffering from, the cancer spreads to other body parts, mostly lungs, liver, distant lymph nodes, and the tissue that lines the abdomen wall. 

Stage IV stomach cancer, also known as metastatic stomach cancer, occurs when cancer cells spread from the stomach to other parts of the body through the lymphatic system or bloodstream. The new tumors are still made up of stomach cancer cells, not cells from the organs they’ve reached. So, if the cancer spreads to the lungs, it's still considered stomach cancer — not lung cancer — and is referred to as metastatic stomach cancer.

The National Cancer Institute, US, notes that stomach cancer starts in the cells lining the stomach. There are various types of stomach cancers including:

<strong>Adenocarcinoma </strong>of the stomach, which begins in the mucus-producing cells in the innermost lining of the stomach. Nearly all stomach cancers are adenocarcinomas.

<strong>Gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma </strong>(GEJ) is a cancer that forms in the area where the esophagus meets the gastric cardia. GEJ may be treated similarly to stomach cancer or esophageal cancer.

<strong>Gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors </strong>are cancers that begin in neuroendocrine cells (a type of cell that is like a nerve cell and a hormone-making cell) that line the gastrointestinal tract.

<strong>Gastrointestinal stromal tumors </strong>(GIST) begin in nerve cells that are found in the wall of the stomach and other digestive organs. GIST is a type of soft tissue sarcoma. 

<strong>Primary gastric lymphoma</strong> is a type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma that forms in the stomach. Most primary gastric lymphomas are either mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) gastric lymphoma or diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the stomach. 

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South Korean actress Kang Seo-ha, known for her performances in K-dramas like First Love Again and The Flower in Prison passed away at the age of 31 after a long battle with stomach cancer. Her family also confirmed the news on Monday. Kang's family took to Instagram, and posted a video along with a long note in remembrance of her.“I still can’t believe it, unnie. Even while enduring such immense pain, you worried about those around you and about me. Even though you couldn’t eat for months, you insisted on paying for my meals with your own card and never let me skip a meal. My angel, who left us far too soon. Even as you endured everything with painkillers, you said you were grateful that it wasn’t worse, and I felt truly ashamed. My dear sister, you went through so much. I hope you are only happy and free from pain where you are now,” the note read.A memorial service is also being organized at Seoul St Mary's Hospital and the funeral procession is scheduled at 7.40am on July 16 (KST).        View this post on Instagram            A post shared by 은 (@feb.eun)]]> Kang Seo Ha's CancerIt was in 2024 that Kang was diagnosed with advanced stomach cancer. As per reports, she had stage IV stomach cancer and underwent treatment, including multiple rounds of chemotherapy, while she continued to fulfill her professional commitments. However, in mid-2025, her health rapidly declined, leading to her death. As per the National Cancer Institute, US, cancer stage describes the extent of cancer in the body, which includes the size of the tumor, whether it has spread, and how far has it spread from where it was first formed.In stage IV stomach cancer, which Kang too was suffering from, the cancer spreads to other body parts, mostly lungs, liver, distant lymph nodes, and the tissue that lines the abdomen wall. Stage IV stomach cancer, also known as metastatic stomach cancer, occurs when cancer cells spread from the stomach to other parts of the body through the lymphatic system or bloodstream. The new tumors are still made up of stomach cancer cells, not cells from the organs they’ve reached. So, if the cancer spreads to the lungs, it's still considered stomach cancer — not lung cancer — and is referred to as metastatic stomach cancer.Stomach Cancer And Its TypesThe National Cancer Institute, US, notes that stomach cancer starts in the cells lining the stomach. There are various types of stomach cancers including:Adenocarcinoma of the stomach, which begins in the mucus-producing cells in the innermost lining of the stomach. Nearly all stomach cancers are adenocarcinomas.Gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma (GEJ) is a cancer that forms in the area where the esophagus meets the gastric cardia. GEJ may be treated similarly to stomach cancer or esophageal cancer.Gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors are cancers that begin in neuroendocrine cells (a type of cell that is like a nerve cell and a hormone-making cell) that line the gastrointestinal tract.Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) begin in nerve cells that are found in the wall of the stomach and other digestive organs. GIST is a type of soft tissue sarcoma. Primary gastric lymphoma is a type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma that forms in the stomach. Most primary gastric lymphomas are either mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) gastric lymphoma or diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the stomach. 

kang seo-ha, south korean actress dies at 31 after battling stage iv stomach cancer

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With the world coping with various bacterial infections, in Australia, it is the season of <span>meningococcal</span> disease. Last month, two Tasmanian women were hospitalized with invasive meningococcal disease, which has brought the numbers to 48.

The cases are showing an uptick, and health authorities are now urging people to watch for symptoms and to check whether they are eligible for vaccination.

According to the Australian Government Department of Health, Disability and Ageing, meningococcal disease is a contagious disease caused by the bacteria Neisseria meningitidis, which is also known as the meningococcal bacteria. It can develop quickly and could be fatal if not treated. Anyone with a suspected meningococcal infection needs to see their doctor immediately.

The official government website of Australia notes: "Meningococcal disease is a medical emergency. It can kill within hours, so early diagnosis and treatment are vital. Do not wait for the purple rash to appear, as that is a late stage of the disease"

However, the ray of hope is that this disease is vaccine-preventable.

The Australian Government's Healthdirect notes that the common symptoms of this disease include:

<ul><li>Fever</li><li>Purple rash</li><li>Meningitis</li><li>Sepsis</li><li>Headache</li><li>Neck stiffness</li><li>Light sensitivity</li><li>Nausea and vomiting</li><li>Loss of appetite</li><li>Drowsiness and confusion</li><li>Leg pain or other muscle or joint aches and pains</li></ul>

In babies or young children, the following can be the symptoms:

<ul><li>difficulty feeding or reduced feeds</li><li>irritability</li><li>tiredness and floppiness</li><li>seizures</li><li>having a high-pitched cry</li><li>having a bulging fontanelle (the soft spot on the top of their head)</li><li>pale or mottled skin</li></ul>

The disease can live in the nose and throat of many healthy people and could spread through coughing, sneezing, sharing eating or drinking utensils, and by kissing.

Complication with the disease can also lead to:

<ul><li>limb differences, or losing a limb</li><li>skin scarring</li><li>hearing loss</li><li>blindness</li><li>learning difficulties</li><li>brain damage</li></ul><h4>Vaccination</h4>

There are different vaccines that treat the different types of this disease, including A, B, C, W, and Y. The vaccination meningococcal B and meningococcal ACWY can be taken at 6 weeks of age.

The MenACWY vaccine is a conjugate vaccine, which means it combines sugars from the outer coating of the bacteria with a protein. This helps trigger a stronger immune response, particularly in young infants.

In contrast, the MenB vaccine doesn’t use the sugar capsule. Instead, it contains four different proteins taken from the surface of the meningococcal B bacteria.

One should speak to a doctor if they have not been vaccinated at a younger age. The vaccination is recommended for:

<ul><li>babies, children, teenagers and young adults</li><li>Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander people</li><li>young adults who live in close quarters or who are current smokers</li><li>travellers</li><li>people who have certain medical conditions that increase their risk of meningococcal disease</li><li>laboratory workers who work with the bacterium that causes meningococcal disease</li></ul>

However, as Healthdirect, an Australian Government's website notes that even with the administration of vaccine, meningococcal disease laboratory workers who work with the bacterium that causes meningococcal disease symptoms may still may linger. In such a case, go visit the hospital for further checks.

Meningococcal

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With the world coping with various bacterial infections, in Australia, it is the season of meningococcal disease. Last month, two Tasmanian women were hospitalized with invasive meningococcal disease, which has brought the numbers to 48.The cases are showing an uptick, and health authorities are now urging people to watch for symptoms and to check whether they are eligible for vaccination.What Is Meningococcal Disease?According to the Australian Government Department of Health, Disability and Ageing, meningococcal disease is a contagious disease caused by the bacteria Neisseria meningitidis, which is also known as the meningococcal bacteria. It can develop quickly and could be fatal if not treated. Anyone with a suspected meningococcal infection needs to see their doctor immediately.The official government website of Australia notes: "Meningococcal disease is a medical emergency. It can kill within hours, so early diagnosis and treatment are vital. Do not wait for the purple rash to appear, as that is a late stage of the disease"However, the ray of hope is that this disease is vaccine-preventable.What Are The Common Symptoms?The Australian Government's Healthdirect notes that the common symptoms of this disease include:FeverPurple rashMeningitisSepsisHeadacheNeck stiffnessLight sensitivityNausea and vomitingLoss of appetiteDrowsiness and confusionLeg pain or other muscle or joint aches and painsIn babies or young children, the following can be the symptoms:difficulty feeding or reduced feedsirritabilitytiredness and floppinessseizureshaving a high-pitched cryhaving a bulging fontanelle (the soft spot on the top of their head)pale or mottled skinThe disease can live in the nose and throat of many healthy people and could spread through coughing, sneezing, sharing eating or drinking utensils, and by kissing.Complication with the disease can also lead to:limb differences, or losing a limbskin scarringhearing lossblindnesslearning difficultiesbrain damageVaccinationThere are different vaccines that treat the different types of this disease, including A, B, C, W, and Y. The vaccination meningococcal B and meningococcal ACWY can be taken at 6 weeks of age.The MenACWY vaccine is a conjugate vaccine, which means it combines sugars from the outer coating of the bacteria with a protein. This helps trigger a stronger immune response, particularly in young infants.In contrast, the MenB vaccine doesn’t use the sugar capsule. Instead, it contains four different proteins taken from the surface of the meningococcal B bacteria.One should speak to a doctor if they have not been vaccinated at a younger age. The vaccination is recommended for:babies, children, teenagers and young adultsAboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander peopleyoung adults who live in close quarters or who are current smokerstravellerspeople who have certain medical conditions that increase their risk of meningococcal diseaselaboratory workers who work with the bacterium that causes meningococcal diseaseHowever, as Healthdirect, an Australian Government's website notes that even with the administration of vaccine, meningococcal disease laboratory workers who work with the bacterium that causes meningococcal disease symptoms may still may linger. In such a case, go visit the hospital for further checks.

australia sees rise in meningococcal disease: what you need to know about symptoms and vaccination

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More than 14 million children worldwide did not receive a single routine vaccine last year, according to a joint report released Tuesday by the World Health Organization (WHO) and UNICEF. The number remains unchanged from 2023, highlighting a worrying stagnation in global immunization efforts.

The annual estimate of global vaccine coverage found that 89% of children under one year received the first dose of the diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis (DTP) vaccine in 2024 — the same as in the previous year. However, only 85% completed the full three-dose series, a slight rise from 84% in 2023.

Despite modest gains, officials warn that progress is faltering due to geopolitical shifts, humanitarian crises, and rising vaccine misinformation.

<h4>Foreign Aid Cuts Threaten Vaccine Programs</h4>

The report comes amid a sharp pullback in international health funding, particularly from the United States. Earlier this year, President Trump officially withdrew U.S. membership from the WHO, suspended most humanitarian aid, and moved to shut down the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID).

<h4>Further compounding the issue, U.S. Health </h4>

Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr., a known vaccine skeptic, recently announced the withdrawal of billions of dollars pledged to Gavi, the global vaccine alliance. He accused the group of “ignoring the science,” despite overwhelming evidence that vaccines are safe and effective.

These decisions are expected to significantly impact global vaccine rollouts, especially in low-income countries.

Nine countries accounted for 52% of all unvaccinated children in 2024. These include:

<ul><li>Nigeria</li><li>India</li><li>Sudan</li><li>Democratic Republic of Congo</li><li>Ethiopia</li><li>Indonesia</li><li>Yemen</li><li>Afghanistan</li><li>Angola</li></ul>

Among them, Sudan reported the lowest coverage for DTP vaccines — a reflection of the country’s ongoing conflict and humanitarian crisis. WHO officials said war, displacement, and weak health systems are major barriers to <span>vaccination</span>.

“Access to vaccines remains deeply unequal,” said WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus. “Drastic cuts in aid, coupled with misinformation about vaccine safety, threaten to unwind decades of progress.”

<h4>Measles on the Rise Amid Lagging Coverage</h4>

The report showed a slight improvement in global measles vaccination rates, with 76% of children receiving both doses — up from previous years. But experts warn this is far below the 95% threshold needed to prevent outbreaks of this highly contagious disease.

In 2024 alone, 60 countries reported large measles outbreaks. The United States is currently experiencing its worst measles outbreak in over 30 years, while Europe recorded 125,000 cases, more than double the 2023 count.

Last week, a child in Liverpool, UK, died of measles. Despite ongoing public awareness campaigns, only 84% of children in the U.K. are vaccinated against the disease.

<h4>“It’s Never Too Late to Be Vaccinated”</h4>

Experts are urging families and governments to act. “It is hugely concerning, but not at all surprising, that we are continuing to see outbreaks of measles,” said Helen Bradford, a children’s health professor at University College London. “The only way to stop measles spreading is with vaccination. It is never too late to be vaccinated — even as an adult.”

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children unvaccinated

14 million children unvaccinaed

More than 14 million children worldwide did not receive a single routine vaccine last year, according to a joint report released Tuesday by the World Health Organization (WHO) and UNICEF. The number remains unchanged from 2023, highlighting a worrying stagnation in global immunization efforts.The annual estimate of global vaccine coverage found that 89% of children under one year received the first dose of the diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis (DTP) vaccine in 2024 — the same as in the previous year. However, only 85% completed the full three-dose series, a slight rise from 84% in 2023.Despite modest gains, officials warn that progress is faltering due to geopolitical shifts, humanitarian crises, and rising vaccine misinformation.Foreign Aid Cuts Threaten Vaccine ProgramsThe report comes amid a sharp pullback in international health funding, particularly from the United States. Earlier this year, President Trump officially withdrew U.S. membership from the WHO, suspended most humanitarian aid, and moved to shut down the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID).Further compounding the issue, U.S. Health Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr., a known vaccine skeptic, recently announced the withdrawal of billions of dollars pledged to Gavi, the global vaccine alliance. He accused the group of “ignoring the science,” despite overwhelming evidence that vaccines are safe and effective.These decisions are expected to significantly impact global vaccine rollouts, especially in low-income countries.Who's Being Left Behind?Nine countries accounted for 52% of all unvaccinated children in 2024. These include:NigeriaIndiaSudanDemocratic Republic of CongoEthiopiaIndonesiaYemenAfghanistanAngolaAmong them, Sudan reported the lowest coverage for DTP vaccines — a reflection of the country’s ongoing conflict and humanitarian crisis. WHO officials said war, displacement, and weak health systems are major barriers to vaccination.“Access to vaccines remains deeply unequal,” said WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus. “Drastic cuts in aid, coupled with misinformation about vaccine safety, threaten to unwind decades of progress.”Measles on the Rise Amid Lagging CoverageThe report showed a slight improvement in global measles vaccination rates, with 76% of children receiving both doses — up from previous years. But experts warn this is far below the 95% threshold needed to prevent outbreaks of this highly contagious disease.In 2024 alone, 60 countries reported large measles outbreaks. The United States is currently experiencing its worst measles outbreak in over 30 years, while Europe recorded 125,000 cases, more than double the 2023 count.Last week, a child in Liverpool, UK, died of measles. Despite ongoing public awareness campaigns, only 84% of children in the U.K. are vaccinated against the disease.“It’s Never Too Late to Be Vaccinated”Experts are urging families and governments to act. “It is hugely concerning, but not at all surprising, that we are continuing to see outbreaks of measles,” said Helen Bradford, a children’s health professor at University College London. “The only way to stop measles spreading is with vaccination. It is never too late to be vaccinated — even as an adult.”

over 14 million children miss out on vaccines amid aid cuts and rising misinformation

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