Anxiety and depression have become a modern-day epidemic, affecting over 300 million people worldwide, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). While researchers continue to investigate risk factors, a new study, conducted by a team from Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai has identified an effective approach that may help reduce or completely eliminate symptoms of anxiety or depression. It found that meditation influences key regions of the brain responsible for emotional regulation and memory like the Hypothalamus and Amygdala. Researchers suggest that their findings could help shape meditation-based treatments for psychiatric conditions like anxiety, depression and other related conditions. Role of Meditation in Mental HealthMeditation has been a cornerstone of Ayurvedic medicine and has long been integrated into various religious and spiritual traditions across the East. Today, the term "meditation" serves as an umbrella for a range of mindfulness techniques, including spiritual meditation, visualization, and focused awareness practices.Meditation has been linked to a variety of health benefits, including:- Lowering blood pressure- Improving sleep quality- Boosting the immune system- Aiding digestionHow Was The Study Conducted?Researchers worked with eight patients suffering from drug-resistant epilepsy who already had electrodes implanted deep in their amygdala and hippocampus. These electrodes allowed for continuous monitoring of brain activity. Participants engaged in a ten-minute guided "loving-kindness meditation," a practice focused on fostering well-being for oneself and others. "Traditionally, it has been challenging to study these deep limbic brain regions in humans using standard methods like scalp electroencephalogram (EEG)," said Christina Maher, a neuroscience PhD student and the first author of the study.The results showed that meditation triggered alterations in the strength and duration of beta and gamma brain waves. These kinds of brain waves are affected in mood disorders like depression and anxiety,” said Dr. Ignacio Saez, associate professor of neuroscience, neurosurgery, and neurology at the Icahn School of Medicine and senior author of the paper. “The possibility of willfully controlling these through meditation is pretty amazing and may help explain the positive impact that these practices have on individuals.However, it is pertinent to note that the study was conducted on a small sample size, and researchers only assessed the effects of a single meditation session without examining the impact of repeated practice or long-term benefits.