A new study published in the British Medicine Journal linked the commonly prescribed birth control pills leading to a doubling of the relative risk of heart attack and stroke. The research is titled Stroke and Myocardial Infarction with Contemporary Hormonal Contraception: Real-World, Nationwide, Prospective Cohort Study. It also found that vaginal rings and even skin patches had used the same combination of hormones that pose similar health risks. However, the study too pointed that while these risks are significant, what needs to be taken in account is that the absolute risk to any individual woman remains low. What did the study find?The study was conducted by Danish researchers and was led by Dr. Harman Yonis from Nordsjaellands Hospital in Denmark, analyzed national prescription records from over 2 million Danish women aged 15 to 49, tracked from 1996 to 2021. The study aimed to determine the association between different forms of hormonal contraception and the first-time occurrence of heart attacks and ischemic strokes (the most common type of stroke, caused by a clot blocking blood flow to the brain).Women with pre-existing conditions such as blood clot history, cancer, liver or kidney disease, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), endometriosis, or those undergoing infertility treatment were excluded to ensure clearer results.The Findings:Women who were taking combination estrogen and progestin had twice the relative risk of ischemic stroke of heart attack. Vaginal rings and skin patches also contain estrogen and progestin, which raised the risk of ischemic stroke by 2.4 times and heart attack by 3.8 times. Progestin-only pills and implants slightly increased the risk but not as much as the combination pills. Dual-hormone skin patches also increased the risk of ischemic stroke by 3.4 times.The progestin-only intrauterine device or IUD was the only hormonal contraceptive that showed no increased risk of cardiovascular issues, even with its prolonged use.What Does It Mean For Contraceptive Users?While these data imply a significant rise in relative risk, it is critical to understand the absolute numbers. For example, taking an estrogen/progestin tablet raises the risk of one stroke every 4,760 women per year and one heart attack per 10,000 women. Thus, while the danger exists, it is low on an individual level.Dr. Yonis and his team emphasize that practitioners should be aware of the danger of arterial thrombosis (blood clots) when administering hormonal contraception. Women with pre-existing risk factors, such as high blood pressure, diabetes, or smoking, should consider other contraception methods.Similar Findings EarlierThere have been similar studies found before that highlighted how combination birth control pills, patches or vaginal rings led to a higher risk of blood clots in women, especially deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. Research too showed that birth control pills that contained drospirenone, which is a type of progestin led to a higher risk of venous thromboembolism. Another 2018 JAMA Cardiology study found that long-term use of hormonal contraception could increase the risk of hypertension.