Health and Me

Ishita Roy

Depression, Suicides, Overdoses: Study Reveals The Psychological Aftermath Of US Wildfire

Recent studies, including the one co-led by Ruben Juarez of the University of Hawaii has revealed the devastating and long-lasting health impacts of wildfires across the United States, far beyond what is reflected in official death tolls or injury reports. Studies focused on the aftermath of recent fires in Hawaii and California show that the true costs include a rise in <span>mental health</span> issues, respiratory damage, and deaths from disruptions in healthcare.

<h4>Beyond the Flames: Wildfires and Public Health</h4>

Three newly published studies have examined the lasting impact of the wildfires that devastated Maui in August 2023 and Los Angeles earlier this year. The Maui blazes, the deadliest in over a century in the US, killed more than 100 people and destroyed the historic town of Lahaina. In Los Angeles, fires that swept through areas like Altadena and the Pacific Palisades resulted in 31 confirmed deaths and the destruction of over 18,000 structures.

But new data suggests the indirect toll is even greater. Health outcomes linked to these events include a rise in <span>suicides</span> and overdose deaths, a significant decline in lung function, increased fatigue and weakness, and ongoing economic instability.

<h4>Maui’s Lingering Respiratory and Mental Health Crisis</h4>

One of the studies, by Juarez, focused on over 1,100 adults living in affected areas of Maui six to 14 months after the fires. The findings are concerning. People living close to the fire zone had notably lower lung function compared to those in areas with less smoke exposure. About 22% of participants experienced below-normal lung performance.

Nearly 40% of those surveyed said their overall health had worsened since the fires. Many reported symptoms such as fatigue, weakness, eye irritation, and respiratory problems. Additionally, almost half of the participants displayed signs of <span><a href="https://www.healthandme.com/health/depression">depression</a></span>.

Juarez emphasized the importance of understanding that wildfires can leave "an invisible but lasting scar on respiratory health," long after the visible damage has been cleared.

<h4>Suicide and Overdose Deaths Surge in Maui</h4>

Another study highlighted the mental health toll of the Maui wildfires. In the month of the fires, suicide and overdose deaths in Maui nearly doubled. There were 13 such deaths during that time, with most being suicides. That marked a 97% increase on the island. A 46% spike was observed across Hawaii’s five counties, likely influenced by displaced residents relocating from Maui to other islands.

The rise in such deaths returned to normal in the following months, but the short-term spike has raised alarms about the psychological trauma triggered by these disasters.

<h4>Los Angeles Fires and the Hidden Death Count</h4>

A separate study led by Finnish researchers focused on the Los Angeles fires. While the direct death toll was 31, the researchers estimated that over 400 additional deaths occurred between January and February due to indirect consequences such as healthcare disruptions. These deaths would not typically be included in official <span>wildfire</span> statistics but are part of the broader public health burden caused by such disasters.

Dr. Jonathan Patz, an environmental public health expert from the University of Wisconsin, said the findings add critical knowledge to the true health risks of extreme climate events, reports the Guardian.

<h4>The Growing Concern Over Wildfire Smoke</h4>

As wildfires become more frequent and intense due to climate change, scientists are paying closer attention to the dangers of wildfire smoke. It is now believed that this smoke may be more toxic than regular air pollution. Kristie Ebi of the University of Washington explained that wildfire smoke is a mixture of many dangerous substances, reports the Guardian. It includes not only burning trees and vegetation, but also chemicals released from gasoline stations, old homes containing asbestos, and vehicles.

Ebi noted that the Maui study hints at the potential for long-term lung damage, though more research is needed to fully understand the long-term effects.

<h4>Economic Fallout: Housing and Income Loss</h4>

Beyond health, the economic impact of wildfires can be long-lasting. A new report by the University of Hawaiʻi Economic Research Organization (UHERO), based on nearly a year of data, showed that many families in Maui are still struggling. While some have managed to find permanent housing and regain financial stability, a significant number remain displaced, with high rent burdens and income loss.

Poverty in the region has almost doubled since the fire. Full-time employment has not yet returned to pre-fire levels, and 60% of households report lower income.

Daniela Bond-Smith, a UHERO research economist, as reported by the Guardianm described the community as facing "two realities." While some are rebuilding their lives, others—especially those who were already marginalized—are living in continued uncertainty and hardship.

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Recent studies, including the one co-led by Ruben Juarez of the University of Hawaii has revealed the devastating and long-lasting health impacts of wildfires across the United States, far beyond what is reflected in official death tolls or injury reports. Studies focused on the aftermath of recent fires in Hawaii and California show that the true costs include a rise in mental health issues, respiratory damage, and deaths from disruptions in healthcare.Beyond the Flames: Wildfires and Public HealthThree newly published studies have examined the lasting impact of the wildfires that devastated Maui in August 2023 and Los Angeles earlier this year. The Maui blazes, the deadliest in over a century in the US, killed more than 100 people and destroyed the historic town of Lahaina. In Los Angeles, fires that swept through areas like Altadena and the Pacific Palisades resulted in 31 confirmed deaths and the destruction of over 18,000 structures.But new data suggests the indirect toll is even greater. Health outcomes linked to these events include a rise in suicides and overdose deaths, a significant decline in lung function, increased fatigue and weakness, and ongoing economic instability.Maui’s Lingering Respiratory and Mental Health CrisisOne of the studies, by Juarez, focused on over 1,100 adults living in affected areas of Maui six to 14 months after the fires. The findings are concerning. People living close to the fire zone had notably lower lung function compared to those in areas with less smoke exposure. About 22% of participants experienced below-normal lung performance.Nearly 40% of those surveyed said their overall health had worsened since the fires. Many reported symptoms such as fatigue, weakness, eye irritation, and respiratory problems. Additionally, almost half of the participants displayed signs of depression.Juarez emphasized the importance of understanding that wildfires can leave "an invisible but lasting scar on respiratory health," long after the visible damage has been cleared.Suicide and Overdose Deaths Surge in MauiAnother study highlighted the mental health toll of the Maui wildfires. In the month of the fires, suicide and overdose deaths in Maui nearly doubled. There were 13 such deaths during that time, with most being suicides. That marked a 97% increase on the island. A 46% spike was observed across Hawaii’s five counties, likely influenced by displaced residents relocating from Maui to other islands.The rise in such deaths returned to normal in the following months, but the short-term spike has raised alarms about the psychological trauma triggered by these disasters.Los Angeles Fires and the Hidden Death CountA separate study led by Finnish researchers focused on the Los Angeles fires. While the direct death toll was 31, the researchers estimated that over 400 additional deaths occurred between January and February due to indirect consequences such as healthcare disruptions. These deaths would not typically be included in official wildfire statistics but are part of the broader public health burden caused by such disasters.Dr. Jonathan Patz, an environmental public health expert from the University of Wisconsin, said the findings add critical knowledge to the true health risks of extreme climate events, reports the Guardian.The Growing Concern Over Wildfire SmokeAs wildfires become more frequent and intense due to climate change, scientists are paying closer attention to the dangers of wildfire smoke. It is now believed that this smoke may be more toxic than regular air pollution. Kristie Ebi of the University of Washington explained that wildfire smoke is a mixture of many dangerous substances, reports the Guardian. It includes not only burning trees and vegetation, but also chemicals released from gasoline stations, old homes containing asbestos, and vehicles.Ebi noted that the Maui study hints at the potential for long-term lung damage, though more research is needed to fully understand the long-term effects.Economic Fallout: Housing and Income LossBeyond health, the economic impact of wildfires can be long-lasting. A new report by the University of Hawaiʻi Economic Research Organization (UHERO), based on nearly a year of data, showed that many families in Maui are still struggling. While some have managed to find permanent housing and regain financial stability, a significant number remain displaced, with high rent burdens and income loss.Poverty in the region has almost doubled since the fire. Full-time employment has not yet returned to pre-fire levels, and 60% of households report lower income.Daniela Bond-Smith, a UHERO research economist, as reported by the Guardianm described the community as facing "two realities." While some are rebuilding their lives, others—especially those who were already marginalized—are living in continued uncertainty and hardship.

depression, suicides, overdoses: study reveals the psychological aftermath of us wildfire

Supriya Ramesh

Credits: Canva

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A <span>hair transplant</span> is a surgical procedure, and like any medical intervention, it comes with a recovery period. While the healing of the scalp typically takes one to two weeks, visible results in terms of <span>hair growth</span> take much longer. It can take up to 12 months for the full results to show, depending on individual healing patterns, the technique used, and how well post-procedure care is followed.

Hair does not magically grow overnight. Recovery is a journey that requires a bit of patience and some TLC. 

<strong>Here is what really happens post-transplant, week by week.</strong>

<h3>First 24-72 Hours</h3>Immediately after the procedure, your scalp will look like it has been through something... because it has. Tiny <span>scabs</span> form around each transplanted hair follicle, and some redness or swelling might make your head resemble a tomato. This is totally normal. Your job for the next couple of days is to leave it alone. No scratching, no scrubbing, and absolutely no washing unless your doctor says so. You will likely be given a saline spray and some instructions. Also, avoid any strenuous activity. 

<h3>Week 1: The “Don’t Touch My Head” Era</h3>By the end of the first week, the swelling and redness begin to settle. The scabs may start flaking off, which is a good sign that healing is underway.

You will be allowed to gently wash your hair by now, using a special <span>shampoo</span>. 

<h3>Week 2: Shedding Starts</h3>Just when you think things are improving, the so-called “shock loss” kicks in. This is where the newly transplanted hairs decide to bail. Yes, they fall out. But it is all part of the process. The <span>follicles</span> are still intact under your skin, but the hair above the surface drops. 

<h3>Week 3 to 4: Back to Square One </h3>By this point, your scalp should be looking fairly normal again. No scabs, no redness. This is the quiet phase. Nothing much happens on the surface, but deep down, your follicles are prepping. You can resume your usual <span>haircare routine</span>, avoiding the harsh treatments and even a gym session or two if approved.

<h3>Month 2 to 3: It Can Get Itchy </h3>You might start feeling a bit of tingling or <span>itching</span>. That is often a good sign. It means the follicles are waking up and beginning to grow new strands. However, do not expect full-on hair just yet. You might notice patchy, fine hairs sprouting here and there, but nothing glamorous. Still, it is enough to get your hopes up and start stalking your own scalp in the mirror every day.

<h3>Month 4 to 6: Hair, Finally!</h3>This is when the magic really begins. The new hairs begin to grow in earnest. They may be thin and wispy at first, like baby hair, but they will gradually thicken with time. You will also notice your <span>hairline</span> shaping up. The growth is uneven for a while, so do not expect red carpet-ready hair just yet.

<h3>Month 7 to 12: Full Bloom Season</h3>By now, up to 70-80 per cent of your transplanted hair will have grown in. The strands get thicker, stronger, and more natural-looking. You can cut, style, and show off your new hair without people guessing you had a procedure. It is also the time when people start asking what shampoo you are using or what actually brought your hairline back from the brink.

Recovery time after a hair transplant is not just about healing; it is about growth. Physically, you will be fine after a week or two. But to see visible, satisfying results, expect the full process to stretch over 9 to 12 months.

hair transplant

scabs

shock loss

hair growth

follicles

itching

hairline

Skin & Hair

haircare routine

shampoo

A hair transplant is a surgical procedure, and like any medical intervention, it comes with a recovery period. While the healing of the scalp typically takes one to two weeks, visible results in terms of hair growth take much longer. It can take up to 12 months for the full results to show, depending on individual healing patterns, the technique used, and how well post-procedure care is followed.Hair does not magically grow overnight. Recovery is a journey that requires a bit of patience and some TLC. Here is what really happens post-transplant, week by week.First 24-72 HoursImmediately after the procedure, your scalp will look like it has been through something... because it has. Tiny scabs form around each transplanted hair follicle, and some redness or swelling might make your head resemble a tomato. This is totally normal. Your job for the next couple of days is to leave it alone. No scratching, no scrubbing, and absolutely no washing unless your doctor says so. You will likely be given a saline spray and some instructions. Also, avoid any strenuous activity. Week 1: The “Don’t Touch My Head” EraBy the end of the first week, the swelling and redness begin to settle. The scabs may start flaking off, which is a good sign that healing is underway.You will be allowed to gently wash your hair by now, using a special shampoo. Week 2: Shedding StartsJust when you think things are improving, the so-called “shock loss” kicks in. This is where the newly transplanted hairs decide to bail. Yes, they fall out. But it is all part of the process. The follicles are still intact under your skin, but the hair above the surface drops. Week 3 to 4: Back to Square One By this point, your scalp should be looking fairly normal again. No scabs, no redness. This is the quiet phase. Nothing much happens on the surface, but deep down, your follicles are prepping. You can resume your usual haircare routine, avoiding the harsh treatments and even a gym session or two if approved.Month 2 to 3: It Can Get Itchy You might start feeling a bit of tingling or itching. That is often a good sign. It means the follicles are waking up and beginning to grow new strands. However, do not expect full-on hair just yet. You might notice patchy, fine hairs sprouting here and there, but nothing glamorous. Still, it is enough to get your hopes up and start stalking your own scalp in the mirror every day.Month 4 to 6: Hair, Finally!This is when the magic really begins. The new hairs begin to grow in earnest. They may be thin and wispy at first, like baby hair, but they will gradually thicken with time. You will also notice your hairline shaping up. The growth is uneven for a while, so do not expect red carpet-ready hair just yet.Month 7 to 12: Full Bloom SeasonBy now, up to 70-80 per cent of your transplanted hair will have grown in. The strands get thicker, stronger, and more natural-looking. You can cut, style, and show off your new hair without people guessing you had a procedure. It is also the time when people start asking what shampoo you are using or what actually brought your hairline back from the brink.Recovery time after a hair transplant is not just about healing; it is about growth. Physically, you will be fine after a week or two. But to see visible, satisfying results, expect the full process to stretch over 9 to 12 months.

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<span>World Breastfeeding Week</span>: <span>Breastfeeding</span> is more than just feeding. It is a vital process of bonding, comfort, and trust between a mother and her newborn. It also plays a key role in the development of the infant and the wellbeing of the mother. While it is a natural process, understanding how <span>lactation</span> unfolds can make the journey smoother, especially for new mothers.

Breastfeeding is not meant for only feeding; it is also for bonding, giving comfort, and building a relation of trust from the very first time with the newborn. It is a natural process that supports both infant development and maternal health. Understanding the stages of lactation will help new mothers prepare for breastfeeding with knowledge and clarity.

<h3>Stage 1: <span rel="noindex">Mammogenesis</span> – Preparing the Body for Milk</h3>

Lactation begins even before the baby arrives. The first stage, known as Mammogenesis, starts during pregnancy. “The first one being, Mammogenesis, begins while the woman is pregnant, the hormones like oestrogen and progesterone stimulate the growth of breast tissues. This prepares the body to produce milk but holds on to actual secretion until after delivery,” explains Dr. S. Satyamanasa Gayatri Vinay, SRM Global Hospital, Chennai. 

This stage is essentially about preparing the body to make milk, although milk itself is not produced yet. The hormonal activity ensures that the breast tissues are ready to take on the role once the baby is born.

<h3>Stage 2: <span rel="noindex">Lactogenesis</span> – From <span rel="noindex">Colostrum</span> to Milk</h3>

The second stage, Lactogenesis, occurs in two parts. “Lactogenesis I starts around the 16th week of pregnancy and continues until birth. During this stage, the breast produces colostrum, which is a thick, yellow, antibody-rich fluid that protects newborns from infections,” says Dr. Gayatri.

Colostrum is often referred to as the baby’s first vaccine. It is incredibly dense in nutrients and immune factors. After birth, the second part of this stage begins. “Lactogenesis II begins 2–3 days after delivery, with progesterone dropping and <span>prolactin</span> rising to the occasion; it signals the mother’s system to begin producing mature breast milk, perfect to nourish and comfort her newborn,” she adds.

During this time, many mothers may notice a fullness or warmth in their breasts, which is a sign that mature milk is being produced.

<h3>Stage 3: <span rel="noindex">Galactopoiesis</span> – The Supply-and-Demand Phase</h3>Once the milk starts flowing, it enters the third phase, called Galactopoiesis. This is all about maintaining a steady supply. “The third phase, Galactopoiesis, is the ongoing production of milk based on how much the baby is consuming of the mother’s milk. The more often a baby feeds on breast milk and effectively empties the breast, the better the <span>milk production</span> is maintained. Hormones like prolactin and <span>oxytocin</span> play an important role in milk formation,” explains Dr. Gayatri.

Essentially, the more the baby nurses, the more milk the body will produce. It is a beautifully tuned supply-and-demand system.

<h3>The Role of Early Feeding and Skin-to-Skin Contact</h3>Timing also matters. Dr. Gayatri stresses that “early and continuous breastfeeding, ideally within the first hour of birth, can significantly support milk supply. Important practices like skin-to-skin contact and rooming-in improve bonding and feeding outcomes.” These early actions help kickstart the lactation process and set the stage for long-term breastfeeding success.

<h3>Managing Challenges and Supporting the Mother</h3>

Like any new experience, breastfeeding may come with a few hiccups. "Issues such as delayed milk flow or sore nipples can be managed with proper latching of the baby, gentle massage, or lactation consultant support,” she advises. Seeking the right support early can make a world of difference for the mother.

Physical and emotional wellbeing are also key. “Keeping the mother’s body hydrated, a balanced diet with nutrients, a good amount of rest, and emotional support from close people – all of these contribute to improved breastfeeding. Stress can affect milk production, so a calm, supportive environment is important for the mother and the newborn,” Dr. Gayatri says.

Each phase of lactation serves a specific purpose, and understanding this journey empowers mothers to approach breastfeeding with confidence. From the early days of colostrum to the rhythm of regular feeds, it is a process that nurtures not just a baby’s body but the bond between mother and child.

breastfeeding

lactation

mammogenesis

lactogenesis

galactopoiesis

colostrum

milk production

prolactin

oxytocin

World Breastfeeding Week

World Breastfeeding Week: Breastfeeding is more than just feeding. It is a vital process of bonding, comfort, and trust between a mother and her newborn. It also plays a key role in the development of the infant and the wellbeing of the mother. While it is a natural process, understanding how lactation unfolds can make the journey smoother, especially for new mothers.Breastfeeding is not meant for only feeding; it is also for bonding, giving comfort, and building a relation of trust from the very first time with the newborn. It is a natural process that supports both infant development and maternal health. Understanding the stages of lactation will help new mothers prepare for breastfeeding with knowledge and clarity.Stage 1: Mammogenesis – Preparing the Body for MilkLactation begins even before the baby arrives. The first stage, known as Mammogenesis, starts during pregnancy. “The first one being, Mammogenesis, begins while the woman is pregnant, the hormones like oestrogen and progesterone stimulate the growth of breast tissues. This prepares the body to produce milk but holds on to actual secretion until after delivery,” explains Dr. S. Satyamanasa Gayatri Vinay, SRM Global Hospital, Chennai. This stage is essentially about preparing the body to make milk, although milk itself is not produced yet. The hormonal activity ensures that the breast tissues are ready to take on the role once the baby is born.Stage 2: Lactogenesis – From Colostrum to MilkThe second stage, Lactogenesis, occurs in two parts. “Lactogenesis I starts around the 16th week of pregnancy and continues until birth. During this stage, the breast produces colostrum, which is a thick, yellow, antibody-rich fluid that protects newborns from infections,” says Dr. Gayatri.Colostrum is often referred to as the baby’s first vaccine. It is incredibly dense in nutrients and immune factors. After birth, the second part of this stage begins. “Lactogenesis II begins 2–3 days after delivery, with progesterone dropping and prolactin rising to the occasion; it signals the mother’s system to begin producing mature breast milk, perfect to nourish and comfort her newborn,” she adds.During this time, many mothers may notice a fullness or warmth in their breasts, which is a sign that mature milk is being produced.Stage 3: Galactopoiesis – The Supply-and-Demand PhaseOnce the milk starts flowing, it enters the third phase, called Galactopoiesis. This is all about maintaining a steady supply. “The third phase, Galactopoiesis, is the ongoing production of milk based on how much the baby is consuming of the mother’s milk. The more often a baby feeds on breast milk and effectively empties the breast, the better the milk production is maintained. Hormones like prolactin and oxytocin play an important role in milk formation,” explains Dr. Gayatri.Essentially, the more the baby nurses, the more milk the body will produce. It is a beautifully tuned supply-and-demand system.The Role of Early Feeding and Skin-to-Skin ContactTiming also matters. Dr. Gayatri stresses that “early and continuous breastfeeding, ideally within the first hour of birth, can significantly support milk supply. Important practices like skin-to-skin contact and rooming-in improve bonding and feeding outcomes.” These early actions help kickstart the lactation process and set the stage for long-term breastfeeding success.Managing Challenges and Supporting the MotherLike any new experience, breastfeeding may come with a few hiccups. "Issues such as delayed milk flow or sore nipples can be managed with proper latching of the baby, gentle massage, or lactation consultant support,” she advises. Seeking the right support early can make a world of difference for the mother.Physical and emotional wellbeing are also key. “Keeping the mother’s body hydrated, a balanced diet with nutrients, a good amount of rest, and emotional support from close people – all of these contribute to improved breastfeeding. Stress can affect milk production, so a calm, supportive environment is important for the mother and the newborn,” Dr. Gayatri says.Each phase of lactation serves a specific purpose, and understanding this journey empowers mothers to approach breastfeeding with confidence. From the early days of colostrum to the rhythm of regular feeds, it is a process that nurtures not just a baby’s body but the bond between mother and child.

from colostrum to mature milk: a step-by-step look at the different stages of lactation

"Your Gut Is Your Second Brain": Why Looking Fit Can Still Mean You Are Unhealthy

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In today’s fitness-obsessed world, being in good shape is often equated with being healthy. But that assumption is increasingly being challenged. You might clock your daily steps, hit the gym, and look lean in the mirror, yet your body may still be signalling distress from the inside. And the problem usually lies in the gut.

The growing evidence shows how a well-sculpted exterior does not always reflect internal well-being. Fitness is not enough to ensure health. The <span>gut microbiome</span> may be the silent disruptor behind many metabolic issues, even in those who appear outwardly fit.

In fact, a review by the Indian Council of Medical Research found that more than 71 per cent of Indian adults are <span>metabolically unhealthy</span> despite looking lean. This startling figure highlights a crucial gap in our understanding of what it really means to be healthy.

Also Read: <a href="https://www.healthandme.com/health-wellness/as-china-revives-covid-era-measures-to-beat-chikungunya-virus-heres-all-you-should-know-about-this-mosquito-borne-disease-article-152423175" data-type="tilCustomLink" target="_blank">As China Revives COVID-Era Measures To Beat Chikungunya Virus, Here's All You Should Know About This Mosquito-borne Disease</a>

<h3>What Does “Fit but Not Healthy” Mean? Expert Explains </h3>The idea that fitness and health are not always aligned is not new, but it is only recently gaining widespread attention. Scientist and Author Dr. Debojyoti Dhar points to exercise physiologist Dr. Phil Maffetone’s distinction: fitness is about performance; health is about how well your internal systems are functioning. You can be an elite athlete and still be metabolically compromised.

“Even top-level athletes can develop <span>overtraining syndrome</span>,” Dr. Dhar explains, describing this as a condition marked by <span>systemic inflammation</span>, hormonal imbalance, and metabolic dysfunction. And at the heart of it, he notes, is often a disrupted gut microbiome.

He warns that a dysfunctional gut flora does not just impact digestion; it can lead to inflammation, reduce insulin sensitivity, interfere with lipid metabolism, and elevate the risk of chronic conditions. “Even world-class athletes are not immune,” he adds.

<h3>The Gut-Fitness Connection</h3>According to Dr. Dhar, exercise certainly has an influence on gut health. Moderate workouts tend to promote a more diverse microbiome and boost beneficial short-chain fatty acids, which help with inflammation and immunity.

But, he cautions, “Overtraining or intense workout regimens can backfire.” When pushed too far, physical activity can damage the gut lining, increase inflammation, and throw off <span>microbial balance</span>, a state known as dysbiosis.

“So, while exercise is crucial, it has to be done in a way that complements gut health,” he advises.

<h3>Gut Microbiome Plays A Crucial Role </h3>The gut is not just about digestion. Dr. Dhar says that the gut microbiome, a rich ecosystem of bacteria, fungi, and viruses, plays a central role in immune function, mental clarity, skin condition, and metabolic regulation.

“When this balance is disturbed, we see the emergence of conditions like chronic inflammation, insulin resistance, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and even obesity,” he says. This microbial imbalance often remains hidden, as most people rely on weight or BMI as their main health markers.

He points out how even something seemingly harmless, like eating a few cookies a day, can slowly tip the scales of gut balance and trigger low-grade inflammation. “This kind of <span>hidden obesity</span> often flies under the radar,” says Dr. Dhar.

<h3>Moving Toward True Health</h3>Dr. Dhar shares a more holistic roadmap for anyone looking to bridge the gap between looking fit and being healthy.

<ul><li>Focus on <span rel="noindex">dietary diversity</span>: Eating a wide variety of plant-based foods supports microbial diversity and resilience. </li><li>Include prebiotics and probiotics: He recommends incorporating <span rel="noindex">fermented foods</span> and fibre-rich legumes, noting their benefits for mood, weight, and metabolic health.</li><li>Balance exercise intensity: Moderate exercise enhances gut health, but too much intensity can be harmful.</li><li>Monitor metabolic health: He urges people not to rely solely on weigh-ins. Regular <span rel="noindex">metabolic screenings</span> and, where possible, microbiome testing can uncover hidden health risks early.</li></ul> 

Being in shape is not a guarantee of being healthy. Without good gut health, even disciplined exercise and a lean appearance can mask deeper problems like inflammation or insulin resistance. Dr. Dhar calls the gut our “second brain” and insists it deserves more attention than it typically receives. It is time to stop obsessing over what we see in the mirror and start listening to the internal cues. 

True health, he concludes, lies in nurturing the gut through balanced movement, diverse diets, quality sleep, and stress management. 

gut microbiome

metabolically unhealthy

systemic inflammation

overtraining syndrome

microbial balance

hidden obesity

dietary diversity

fermented foods

metabolic screenings

second brain

In today’s fitness-obsessed world, being in good shape is often equated with being healthy. But that assumption is increasingly being challenged. You might clock your daily steps, hit the gym, and look lean in the mirror, yet your body may still be signalling distress from the inside. And the problem usually lies in the gut.The growing evidence shows how a well-sculpted exterior does not always reflect internal well-being. Fitness is not enough to ensure health. The gut microbiome may be the silent disruptor behind many metabolic issues, even in those who appear outwardly fit.In fact, a review by the Indian Council of Medical Research found that more than 71 per cent of Indian adults are metabolically unhealthy despite looking lean. This startling figure highlights a crucial gap in our understanding of what it really means to be healthy.Also Read: As China Revives COVID-Era Measures To Beat Chikungunya Virus, Here's All You Should Know About This Mosquito-borne DiseaseWhat Does “Fit but Not Healthy” Mean? Expert Explains The idea that fitness and health are not always aligned is not new, but it is only recently gaining widespread attention. Scientist and Author Dr. Debojyoti Dhar points to exercise physiologist Dr. Phil Maffetone’s distinction: fitness is about performance; health is about how well your internal systems are functioning. You can be an elite athlete and still be metabolically compromised.“Even top-level athletes can develop overtraining syndrome,” Dr. Dhar explains, describing this as a condition marked by systemic inflammation, hormonal imbalance, and metabolic dysfunction. And at the heart of it, he notes, is often a disrupted gut microbiome.He warns that a dysfunctional gut flora does not just impact digestion; it can lead to inflammation, reduce insulin sensitivity, interfere with lipid metabolism, and elevate the risk of chronic conditions. “Even world-class athletes are not immune,” he adds.The Gut-Fitness ConnectionAccording to Dr. Dhar, exercise certainly has an influence on gut health. Moderate workouts tend to promote a more diverse microbiome and boost beneficial short-chain fatty acids, which help with inflammation and immunity.But, he cautions, “Overtraining or intense workout regimens can backfire.” When pushed too far, physical activity can damage the gut lining, increase inflammation, and throw off microbial balance, a state known as dysbiosis.“So, while exercise is crucial, it has to be done in a way that complements gut health,” he advises.Gut Microbiome Plays A Crucial Role The gut is not just about digestion. Dr. Dhar says that the gut microbiome, a rich ecosystem of bacteria, fungi, and viruses, plays a central role in immune function, mental clarity, skin condition, and metabolic regulation.“When this balance is disturbed, we see the emergence of conditions like chronic inflammation, insulin resistance, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and even obesity,” he says. This microbial imbalance often remains hidden, as most people rely on weight or BMI as their main health markers.He points out how even something seemingly harmless, like eating a few cookies a day, can slowly tip the scales of gut balance and trigger low-grade inflammation. “This kind of hidden obesity often flies under the radar,” says Dr. Dhar.Moving Toward True HealthDr. Dhar shares a more holistic roadmap for anyone looking to bridge the gap between looking fit and being healthy.Focus on dietary diversity: Eating a wide variety of plant-based foods supports microbial diversity and resilience. Include prebiotics and probiotics: He recommends incorporating fermented foods and fibre-rich legumes, noting their benefits for mood, weight, and metabolic health.Balance exercise intensity: Moderate exercise enhances gut health, but too much intensity can be harmful.Monitor metabolic health: He urges people not to rely solely on weigh-ins. Regular metabolic screenings and, where possible, microbiome testing can uncover hidden health risks early. Being in shape is not a guarantee of being healthy. Without good gut health, even disciplined exercise and a lean appearance can mask deeper problems like inflammation or insulin resistance. Dr. Dhar calls the gut our “second brain” and insists it deserves more attention than it typically receives. It is time to stop obsessing over what we see in the mirror and start listening to the internal cues. True health, he concludes, lies in nurturing the gut through balanced movement, diverse diets, quality sleep, and stress management. 

'Your Gut Is Your Second Brain': Why Looking Fit Can Still Mean You Are Unhealthy

"your gut is your second brain": why looking fit can still mean you are unhealthy

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