Health and Me

Tanya Dutt

What Is Acute Necrotizing Encephalopathy? The Rare Brain Swelling In Kids That Is Linked To Flu

Flu-linked brain swelling

Influenza can look like a run-of-the-mill childhood illness, but in an occasional patient it can cause a life-threatening illness known as acute necrotizing encephalopathy (ANE). This isn't a normal fever or headache—it's a catastrophic neurologic emergency characterized by out-of-control <span>brain swelling</span> and an incessant immune attack.

A new JAMA review illuminates 41 pediatric cases of ANE in the U.S. from late 2023 through spring 2025. In nearly all cases, the patients had previously been healthy before developing acute and severe flu-like symptoms. Of these cases, 27% ended in death, and 63% of survivors had moderate to severe neurologic disability three months after the illness.

<h2>What Is Acute Necrotizing Encephalopathy (ANE)?</h2>

ANE occurs when the body’s immune system goes into overdrive during an influenza infection. Dr. Thomas LaRocca, co-senior author of the study and pediatric critical care specialist at Stanford, describes it as “similar to the sepsis response” in which the immune system causes damage to the brain instead of fighting infection.

Typically, after a few days of flu symptoms—fever, congestion, vomiting—kids suddenly develop neurologic signs like seizures, altered mental status, or coma. In all 41 cases, children suffered significant brain swelling. 95% had fevers, while 68% experienced seizures.

ANE resembles the worst-case scenario of flu complications—fast, deadly, and difficult to treat once it spreads.

<h2>Pandemic-Level Numbers During Two Severe Flu Seasons</h2>

While ANE is rare historically, researchers identified 41 confirmed cases across 23 U.S. pediatric hospitals over two flu seasons, an unusually high incidence tied to aggressive influenza activity in 2023–2025.

The majority of children were 5 years old, previously healthy, and almost all infections were associated with influenza A (39 of 41), with only two cases attributed to influenza B. Disturbingly, only six children had been vaccinated against the flu that year—fewer than 16%, versus about 55% national pediatric vaccination coverage.

This stark gap raises a critical warning: even though ANE is rare, it’s heavily preventable through vaccination.

<h2>Why Timing and Early Treatment Is Important?</h2>

ANE progresses quickly. Nearly half of the fatal cases occurred within eight days of hospitalization; survivors spent an average of 22 days in hospital, with 11 days in ICU.

Treatment must start fast. As Dr. Keith Van Haren, pediatric neurologist at Stanford and co-author, stresses: early intensive care—combining steroids to calm the immune system and plasma exchange (replacement of a child’s plasma with donor plasma)—can significantly improve chances.

Despite ANE’s reputation as nearly always fatal, about 70% of survivors regained some mobility: 19 could sit, 16 could stand, and 13 could walk independently within three months—even after severe brain swelling.

Dr. LaRocca and Van Haren also point out that intensive neurocritical care, careful immunotherapy, and early support increase recovery odds even when the diagnosis appears grim.

ANE represents just one extreme of flu’s neurological impact. During the 2024–25 season, 13% of pediatric flu deaths involved encephalopathy or encephalitis (IAE), with ANE being the most severe subtype. Historically, the average rate has been around 9% of child flu deaths—ranging from 0% in the mild 2020–21 season to 14% in 2011–12.

These statistics remind us that while ANE is rare, brain complications from flu are not negligible—and they disproportionately affect young children under 5.

<h2>Why Vaccination Is The Best Prevention For Kids?</h2>

Both experts and study authors emphatically agree: prevention is better than cure.

“Vaccinate,” Van Haren said plainly. Not only does the flu shot reduce typical risks like respiratory failure—but it also prevents extreme complications like ANE. For children who survive one episode of ANE, vaccination becomes even more critical to avoid recurrence.

Given that only a small fraction of affected children had been vaccinated, these deaths and disabilities were arguably avoidable.

Here’s what families and healthcare providers should know:

<ul><li>Monitor flu symptoms closely—especially in kids who develop neurological signs like confusion or seizures.</li><li>Act early, don’t wait for symptoms to escalate. Ensure transfer to hospitals equipped for neurocritical care and plasma exchange.</li><li>Remember that ANE progresses fast—every hour counts.</li><li>If your child survives, rehabilitation is possible. Many children regain functional abilities despite initial severe outcomes.</li><li>Don't let hope fade early; survival is real when aggressive care is delivered promptly.</li></ul>

The unusual spike in ANE during the 2023–2025 flu seasons serves as a wake-up call to both the medical community and families: even previously healthy children are vulnerable. While ANE remains a rare complication, early recognition and intervention can dramatically alter its course.

More broadly, this work underscores the hidden dangers of influenza—and why simple preventive steps matter so much.

Flu-Linked brain swelling in children is rare but when it does strike, it can be fatal or leave lifelong disability. Vaccination, vigilant symptom awareness, and rapid access to advanced care are key to prevention and survival. In cases where the immune system spirals out of control, timely and aggressive treatments like steroids and plasma exchange can make the difference between recovery and tragedy.

Health Conditions A-Z

health

kids health

flu in kids

brain swelling

flu complications

pediatric flu symptoms

flu vaccine

encephalitis children

fatal flu cases

PCOS Isn’t Just Hormonal, It Might Be Fueling This Dangerous Heart Condition

How A Bat-Scare Cost A 33-year-old Massachusetts Resident A Medical Bill Of 20,000

Had COVID? Your Next Flu Could Reactivate Dormant Breast Cancer Cells, Researchers Warn

Health & Wellness

What Should Fitness Look Like For A 13-18 Year Old

Food For Diabetes: What Should A Diabetic Diet Contain

You Don’t Always Need Weights For Strength Training

Feel Sleepy After Lunches - Light And Healthy Office Lunches

Positive Thinking Practice – How Does It Help You?

MIND Diet – Is This A Healthy Diet Or Another Trend?

Yoga Prop Essentials To Improve Your Exercise Session

Should Potatoes Be The Part Of A Healthy Diet?

Best And Worst Foods To Lower Blood Pressure

Low-Impact Cardio Workouts You Should Try

10 Healthy Pasta Salad Dressing For Weight Loss

Breathing Exercise You Should Do To Relieve Stress

Headache vs. Migraine: Difference Explained In 60 Seconds

High Carb Foods That Are Actually Healthy

How Many Times Do You Need To Wash Your Face?

Hypothyroidism Diet – What To Eat And What You Should Avoid

Stretches To Relieve Leg Pain And Numbness After Sitting For Too Long

No-Cook Healthy Meals For Lazy Days At Home

Easy Breakfast Options To Try During Calorie Deficit

How To Stop Muscle Cramps Immediately

Why You Should Go For An Anti-Inflammatory Diet

Foods To Lower Cortisol Levels In Your Body

High-Fiber Dips You Can Make At Home For The Week

Weekend Warrior Exercises To Makeup For Stressful Week

Experiencing Headaches At Word? Natural Remedies To Try

Yoga Poses That Enhance Digestion

Health Benefits of Walking Backwards

No Eggs? Egg-Alternatives You Can Add To Your Diet

Savory And Smart Ways To Add Broccoli To Your Diet

Calorie Burning Habits That Can Help You Shed Extra Pounds

Yoga Poses That Can Help With Bloating

Fiber-Rich Oatmeal Dishes You Can Have For Breakfast

Signs You Must Visit A Doctor For Your Back Pain

Avocado Meal Prep Ideas To Increase Healthy Fat In Your Diet

Arm Exercises You Can Do At Home

Quick-Office Lunches That Can Keep You Full-Longer

How Increased Screen Time Affects Children's Health

Homemade Recipe To Make Protein-Rich Pancakes With Healthy Alternatives

Push-Up Variations You Can Do At Home

Common Mistakes Running Mistakes People Make

Influenza can look like a run-of-the-mill childhood illness, but in an occasional patient it can cause a life-threatening illness known as acute necrotizing encephalopathy (ANE). This isn't a normal fever or headache—it's a catastrophic neurologic emergency characterized by out-of-control brain swelling and an incessant immune attack.A new JAMA review illuminates 41 pediatric cases of ANE in the U.S. from late 2023 through spring 2025. In nearly all cases, the patients had previously been healthy before developing acute and severe flu-like symptoms. Of these cases, 27% ended in death, and 63% of survivors had moderate to severe neurologic disability three months after the illness.What Is Acute Necrotizing Encephalopathy (ANE)?ANE occurs when the body’s immune system goes into overdrive during an influenza infection. Dr. Thomas LaRocca, co-senior author of the study and pediatric critical care specialist at Stanford, describes it as “similar to the sepsis response” in which the immune system causes damage to the brain instead of fighting infection.Typically, after a few days of flu symptoms—fever, congestion, vomiting—kids suddenly develop neurologic signs like seizures, altered mental status, or coma. In all 41 cases, children suffered significant brain swelling. 95% had fevers, while 68% experienced seizures.ANE resembles the worst-case scenario of flu complications—fast, deadly, and difficult to treat once it spreads.Pandemic-Level Numbers During Two Severe Flu SeasonsWhile ANE is rare historically, researchers identified 41 confirmed cases across 23 U.S. pediatric hospitals over two flu seasons, an unusually high incidence tied to aggressive influenza activity in 2023–2025.The majority of children were 5 years old, previously healthy, and almost all infections were associated with influenza A (39 of 41), with only two cases attributed to influenza B. Disturbingly, only six children had been vaccinated against the flu that year—fewer than 16%, versus about 55% national pediatric vaccination coverage.This stark gap raises a critical warning: even though ANE is rare, it’s heavily preventable through vaccination.Why Timing and Early Treatment Is Important?ANE progresses quickly. Nearly half of the fatal cases occurred within eight days of hospitalization; survivors spent an average of 22 days in hospital, with 11 days in ICU.Treatment must start fast. As Dr. Keith Van Haren, pediatric neurologist at Stanford and co-author, stresses: early intensive care—combining steroids to calm the immune system and plasma exchange (replacement of a child’s plasma with donor plasma)—can significantly improve chances.Despite ANE’s reputation as nearly always fatal, about 70% of survivors regained some mobility: 19 could sit, 16 could stand, and 13 could walk independently within three months—even after severe brain swelling.Dr. LaRocca and Van Haren also point out that intensive neurocritical care, careful immunotherapy, and early support increase recovery odds even when the diagnosis appears grim.ANE represents just one extreme of flu’s neurological impact. During the 2024–25 season, 13% of pediatric flu deaths involved encephalopathy or encephalitis (IAE), with ANE being the most severe subtype. Historically, the average rate has been around 9% of child flu deaths—ranging from 0% in the mild 2020–21 season to 14% in 2011–12.These statistics remind us that while ANE is rare, brain complications from flu are not negligible—and they disproportionately affect young children under 5.Why Vaccination Is The Best Prevention For Kids?Both experts and study authors emphatically agree: prevention is better than cure.“Vaccinate,” Van Haren said plainly. Not only does the flu shot reduce typical risks like respiratory failure—but it also prevents extreme complications like ANE. For children who survive one episode of ANE, vaccination becomes even more critical to avoid recurrence.Given that only a small fraction of affected children had been vaccinated, these deaths and disabilities were arguably avoidable.What Parents Should Watch For?Here’s what families and healthcare providers should know:Monitor flu symptoms closely—especially in kids who develop neurological signs like confusion or seizures.Act early, don’t wait for symptoms to escalate. Ensure transfer to hospitals equipped for neurocritical care and plasma exchange.Remember that ANE progresses fast—every hour counts.If your child survives, rehabilitation is possible. Many children regain functional abilities despite initial severe outcomes.Don't let hope fade early; survival is real when aggressive care is delivered promptly.The unusual spike in ANE during the 2023–2025 flu seasons serves as a wake-up call to both the medical community and families: even previously healthy children are vulnerable. While ANE remains a rare complication, early recognition and intervention can dramatically alter its course.More broadly, this work underscores the hidden dangers of influenza—and why simple preventive steps matter so much.Flu-Linked brain swelling in children is rare but when it does strike, it can be fatal or leave lifelong disability. Vaccination, vigilant symptom awareness, and rapid access to advanced care are key to prevention and survival. In cases where the immune system spirals out of control, timely and aggressive treatments like steroids and plasma exchange can make the difference between recovery and tragedy.

what is acute necrotizing encephalopathy? the rare brain swelling in kids that is linked to flu

PCOS Isn’t Just Hormonal, It Might Be Fueling This Dangerous Heart Condition, Study Warns

Is Your Heart Older Than You Are? US Doctors Device How To Find Out Before It’s Too Late

is your heart older than you are? us doctors device how to find out before it’s too late

4 Rare Heart Diseases That Are Becoming Common By Each Passing Day

4 rare heart diseases that are becoming common by each passing day

Endometriosis Isn’t Just Pelvic Pain, 77% Of Women With This Condition Have Another 'Unbearable' Suffering

this condition is the unexpected cause of jaw pain - 77% women with it had jaw and muscle pain

Fitness

Turns Out, Walking Fast Might Be the Easiest Anti-Aging Trick Yet

turns out, walking fast might be the easiest anti-aging trick yet

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is often dismissed as a reproductive or cosmetic issue—a condition marked by irregular periods, acne, and weight fluctuations. But the hormonal and metabolic underpinnings of PCOS go much deeper. New findings presented at ENDO 2025, the annual meeting of the Endocrine Society, now highlight a troubling link: PCOS may significantly increase the risk of vascular events in women with thrombotic disease, and these events are occurring at increasingly younger ages.

The research, presented by a team from Riverside University Health System Medical Center and supported by national health data, suggests that the combination of PCOS and thrombotic disease creates a more dangerous cardiovascular profile, one that might be going under-recognized in clinical settings.

The analysis drew on records from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS), evaluating over 205,000 women hospitalized between 2016 and 2022 for thrombotic, atherosclerotic, or cerebrovascular diseases. The goal was to see how outcomes differed based on the presence or absence of comorbid PCOS. The findings were both significant and sobering:

Women with both PCOS and thrombotic disease had higher stroke rates (14.81%) compared to those without PCOS (11.91%).

A greater percentage of women with PCOS were under the age of 50 at the time of their vascular event compared to those without PCOS across all categories—thrombotic, atherosclerotic, and cerebrovascular.

Also Read: <a href="https://www.healthandme.com/health-wellness/your-home-may-look-clean-but-these-8-spots-are-dirtier-than-you-think-article-152386902" data-type="tilCustomLink" target="_blank">Your Home May Look Clean, But These 8 Spots Are Dirtier Than You Think</a>

Despite the younger age of presentation, in-hospital mortality rates were similar between women with and without PCOS, suggesting the seriousness of these events in younger populations is not being offset by age-related resilience.

Dr. Alexander Lim, DO, who presented the findings, noted, “We found that cardiovascular events in women with PCOS were more likely to occur at an earlier age. The risk tends to decrease with age, possibly due to underdiagnosis of PCOS in older women or survivorship bias.”

<h2>Why Metabolic Difficulties Due To PCOS Lead Vascular Complications?</h2>

To understand why PCOS might elevate vascular risk, it's crucial to look at its underlying pathology. PCOS is not just a hormonal disorder—it’s also deeply metabolic.

Women with PCOS frequently exhibit insulin resistance, even if they are not overweight. This insulin resistance is a precursor to type 2 diabetes, hypertension, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and dyslipidemia—all conditions that significantly increase the risk of both arterial and venous thrombotic events.

Despite this, clinical management of PCOS often remains centered on cosmetic symptoms (like acne and hirsutism) or fertility concerns, rather than addressing the long-term metabolic and cardiovascular consequences. This treatment gap may explain why vascular events in women with PCOS catch both patients and providers off guard.

<h2>Why Current Testing May Be Failing Women?</h2>

Another striking aspect of the new research is that women with PCOS who experienced recurrent thrombotic events (strokes, heart attacks, pulmonary embolisms) often showed normal results in standard coagulation tests. This was identified in a diagnostic review by a coagulation management team and later verified through a national data set analysis using TriNetX, a large health research network.

Between 2013 and 2018, researchers used the TriNetX platform to analyze PCOS patients aged 15–75, excluding those with known thrombotic disorders, smoking history, or HIV. They found that thrombotic events occurred at significantly higher rates in women with PCOS compared to matched controls, even though clinical tests failed to detect abnormalities in coagulation.

What this suggests is that standard coagulation assays may not be sensitive enough to detect the unique thrombotic risk profile in PCOS, raising concerns about diagnostic error or delayed interventions.

This is the first large-scale study to systematically evaluate the rate and clinical presentation of thrombotic events in women with PCOS using national data and validated diagnostic algorithms like SPADE (Symptom-Disease Pair Analysis of Diagnostic Error).

By comparing outcomes 90 days prior to major thrombotic events, the researchers identified consistent symptom patterns—including subtle indicators—that could serve as early warning signs for intervention. However, the precise biological mechanisms behind thrombosis in PCOS remain poorly understood.

The message is clear: PCOS isn’t just a reproductive disorder—it’s a systemic, vascular-risk condition that can dramatically impact a woman’s health long before menopause. Clinicians need to think beyond fertility and skin health and recognize that young women with PCOS may be walking around with unrecognized cardiovascular vulnerabilities.

For women living with PCOS, this means that a heart-healthy lifestyle—including regular cardiovascular screening, metabolic management, and awareness of symptoms like chest pain, migraines, and swelling—needs to be part of long-term care, not just pregnancy planning.

heart health

women health

pcos and vascular risk

thrombotic disease in women

pcos stroke risk

hormonal disorders and heart disease

pcos and blood clots

cardiovascular risk pcos

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is often dismissed as a reproductive or cosmetic issue—a condition marked by irregular periods, acne, and weight fluctuations. But the hormonal and metabolic underpinnings of PCOS go much deeper. New findings presented at ENDO 2025, the annual meeting of the Endocrine Society, now highlight a troubling link: PCOS may significantly increase the risk of vascular events in women with thrombotic disease, and these events are occurring at increasingly younger ages.The research, presented by a team from Riverside University Health System Medical Center and supported by national health data, suggests that the combination of PCOS and thrombotic disease creates a more dangerous cardiovascular profile, one that might be going under-recognized in clinical settings.The analysis drew on records from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS), evaluating over 205,000 women hospitalized between 2016 and 2022 for thrombotic, atherosclerotic, or cerebrovascular diseases. The goal was to see how outcomes differed based on the presence or absence of comorbid PCOS. The findings were both significant and sobering:Women with both PCOS and thrombotic disease had higher stroke rates (14.81%) compared to those without PCOS (11.91%).A greater percentage of women with PCOS were under the age of 50 at the time of their vascular event compared to those without PCOS across all categories—thrombotic, atherosclerotic, and cerebrovascular.Also Read: Your Home May Look Clean, But These 8 Spots Are Dirtier Than You ThinkDespite the younger age of presentation, in-hospital mortality rates were similar between women with and without PCOS, suggesting the seriousness of these events in younger populations is not being offset by age-related resilience.Dr. Alexander Lim, DO, who presented the findings, noted, “We found that cardiovascular events in women with PCOS were more likely to occur at an earlier age. The risk tends to decrease with age, possibly due to underdiagnosis of PCOS in older women or survivorship bias.”Why Metabolic Difficulties Due To PCOS Lead Vascular Complications?To understand why PCOS might elevate vascular risk, it's crucial to look at its underlying pathology. PCOS is not just a hormonal disorder—it’s also deeply metabolic.Women with PCOS frequently exhibit insulin resistance, even if they are not overweight. This insulin resistance is a precursor to type 2 diabetes, hypertension, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and dyslipidemia—all conditions that significantly increase the risk of both arterial and venous thrombotic events.Despite this, clinical management of PCOS often remains centered on cosmetic symptoms (like acne and hirsutism) or fertility concerns, rather than addressing the long-term metabolic and cardiovascular consequences. This treatment gap may explain why vascular events in women with PCOS catch both patients and providers off guard.Why Current Testing May Be Failing Women?Another striking aspect of the new research is that women with PCOS who experienced recurrent thrombotic events (strokes, heart attacks, pulmonary embolisms) often showed normal results in standard coagulation tests. This was identified in a diagnostic review by a coagulation management team and later verified through a national data set analysis using TriNetX, a large health research network.Between 2013 and 2018, researchers used the TriNetX platform to analyze PCOS patients aged 15–75, excluding those with known thrombotic disorders, smoking history, or HIV. They found that thrombotic events occurred at significantly higher rates in women with PCOS compared to matched controls, even though clinical tests failed to detect abnormalities in coagulation.What this suggests is that standard coagulation assays may not be sensitive enough to detect the unique thrombotic risk profile in PCOS, raising concerns about diagnostic error or delayed interventions.This is the first large-scale study to systematically evaluate the rate and clinical presentation of thrombotic events in women with PCOS using national data and validated diagnostic algorithms like SPADE (Symptom-Disease Pair Analysis of Diagnostic Error).By comparing outcomes 90 days prior to major thrombotic events, the researchers identified consistent symptom patterns—including subtle indicators—that could serve as early warning signs for intervention. However, the precise biological mechanisms behind thrombosis in PCOS remain poorly understood.The message is clear: PCOS isn’t just a reproductive disorder—it’s a systemic, vascular-risk condition that can dramatically impact a woman’s health long before menopause. Clinicians need to think beyond fertility and skin health and recognize that young women with PCOS may be walking around with unrecognized cardiovascular vulnerabilities.For women living with PCOS, this means that a heart-healthy lifestyle—including regular cardiovascular screening, metabolic management, and awareness of symptoms like chest pain, migraines, and swelling—needs to be part of long-term care, not just pregnancy planning.

pcos isn’t just hormonal, it might be fueling this dangerous heart condition, study warns

Ishita Roy

How A Bat-Scare Cost A 33-year-old Massachusetts Resident A Medical Bill Of $20,000

Rabies Can Kill Without a Bite: Why Even a Lick Deserves Urgent Action

rabies can kill without a bite: why even a lick deserves urgent action

Health News

RFK Jr. Is Leaving Behind 'Rigorous Science', Say Ousted Vaccine Panel Members

rfk jr. is leaving behind 'rigorous science', say ousted vaccine panel members

Who Is Susan Monarez? The New CDC Director Confirmed By The US Senate

who is susan monarez? the new cdc director confirmed by the us senate

London Psychologist Gave Patients Ketamine, Now Loses License, Here's What We Know So Far

london psychologist gave patients ketamine, now loses license, here's what we know so far

Last August, Erica Kahn was enjoying a peaceful evening stargazing in Arizona’s Glen Canyon National Recreation Area. The 33-year-old Massachusetts resident was on vacation, photographing the night sky. Bats flitted through the air, but she didn’t give them much thought, until one of them flew straight at her face.

In the chaos, the bat became lodged between her camera and her face. She screamed instinctively, and part of the bat ended up in her mouth. She still doesn't know exactly what part of the bat it was, but she estimates the contact lasted a few seconds. “It seemed longer,” she said.

The bat eventually flew away. Though she wasn’t sure if she’d been bitten, her father, a physician who was traveling with her, advised her to get treated for potential rabies exposure.

<h4>Scrambling for <span rel="noindex">Health Insurance</span></h4>

The problem? Just weeks earlier, Kahn had been laid off from her job as a biomedical engineer and had decided to forgo COBRA coverage, which would’ve let her stay on her former employer’s health insurance plan. The cost, around $650 a month, felt too steep for someone young and healthy.

She figured she could risk going uninsured for a while and quickly sign up for a plan if something happened. That decision turned out to be costly.

After the bat incident, Kahn purchased a private health policy for $311 a month from a Florida-based company called Innovative Partners LP. She even called them to confirm that emergency services or accident-related care would be covered. Feeling reassured, she went to a hospital in Flagstaff the next day and began her rabies vaccination series.

Kahn received four doses of the rabies vaccine over 14 days. Her first visit also included three injections of rabies immunoglobulin, a vital treatment that boosts the body’s ability to fight off the deadly virus. She continued her treatment at different clinics in Arizona, Colorado, and Massachusetts.

Across all four facilities, Kahn was charged a total of $20,749. The bulk of that, $17,079, came from Flagstaff Medical Center, which billed $15,242 for the vaccines and immunoglobulin alone.

To her shock, her insurance company denied all claims. Their explanation? The treatment occurred during the policy’s 30-day waiting period, and the company ruled that the services did not qualify as accident-related or life-threatening under their terms.

<h4>Appeals, Confusion, and Mounting Debt</h4>

Kahn tried to appeal the decision. She got a doctor at Flagstaff Medical Center to sign a letter supporting her claim, but she struggled to reach doctors at the other facilities. The insurance company gave her conflicting information about where to send appeal paperwork. In July, she learned that the insurer had not received any formal appeal.

Health policy expert Sabrina Corlette, from Georgetown University, reviewed Kahn’s situation and suggested the policy she purchased was likely a “fixed indemnity” plan, as reported by the Washington Post. 

These limited plans pay only a set amount per day for care, regardless of actual costs, and are not required to meet the standards of the Affordable Care Act (ACA). Corlette added that even if Kahn had purchased a more comprehensive plan, treatment that began the day after enrollment might not have been covered.

“This is why it’s so important to be insured before something happens,” Corlette said. “It’s not just about coverage, it’s about timing.”

Back when Kahn lost her job, she was still within the 60-day window to opt into COBRA. Had she done so and paid the premium, her coverage would have applied retroactively to the day she was laid off. She didn’t realize this until much later.

Now re-employed and covered under her new job’s insurance, Kahn is still chipping away at the debt from her run-in with the bat. She negotiated one $706 bill down to $420 and set up a $10-a-month payment plan for a separate $530 charge. But over $19,000 remains unpaid.

bat caused dollar 20000 bill

health and wellness

health insurance

bat scare

bat rabies

us health news

Last August, Erica Kahn was enjoying a peaceful evening stargazing in Arizona’s Glen Canyon National Recreation Area. The 33-year-old Massachusetts resident was on vacation, photographing the night sky. Bats flitted through the air, but she didn’t give them much thought, until one of them flew straight at her face.In the chaos, the bat became lodged between her camera and her face. She screamed instinctively, and part of the bat ended up in her mouth. She still doesn't know exactly what part of the bat it was, but she estimates the contact lasted a few seconds. “It seemed longer,” she said.The bat eventually flew away. Though she wasn’t sure if she’d been bitten, her father, a physician who was traveling with her, advised her to get treated for potential rabies exposure.Scrambling for Health InsuranceThe problem? Just weeks earlier, Kahn had been laid off from her job as a biomedical engineer and had decided to forgo COBRA coverage, which would’ve let her stay on her former employer’s health insurance plan. The cost, around $650 a month, felt too steep for someone young and healthy.She figured she could risk going uninsured for a while and quickly sign up for a plan if something happened. That decision turned out to be costly.After the bat incident, Kahn purchased a private health policy for $311 a month from a Florida-based company called Innovative Partners LP. She even called them to confirm that emergency services or accident-related care would be covered. Feeling reassured, she went to a hospital in Flagstaff the next day and began her rabies vaccination series.The Treatment and the ShockKahn received four doses of the rabies vaccine over 14 days. Her first visit also included three injections of rabies immunoglobulin, a vital treatment that boosts the body’s ability to fight off the deadly virus. She continued her treatment at different clinics in Arizona, Colorado, and Massachusetts.Then the bills arrived.Across all four facilities, Kahn was charged a total of $20,749. The bulk of that, $17,079, came from Flagstaff Medical Center, which billed $15,242 for the vaccines and immunoglobulin alone.To her shock, her insurance company denied all claims. Their explanation? The treatment occurred during the policy’s 30-day waiting period, and the company ruled that the services did not qualify as accident-related or life-threatening under their terms.Appeals, Confusion, and Mounting DebtKahn tried to appeal the decision. She got a doctor at Flagstaff Medical Center to sign a letter supporting her claim, but she struggled to reach doctors at the other facilities. The insurance company gave her conflicting information about where to send appeal paperwork. In July, she learned that the insurer had not received any formal appeal.Health policy expert Sabrina Corlette, from Georgetown University, reviewed Kahn’s situation and suggested the policy she purchased was likely a “fixed indemnity” plan, as reported by the Washington Post. These limited plans pay only a set amount per day for care, regardless of actual costs, and are not required to meet the standards of the Affordable Care Act (ACA). Corlette added that even if Kahn had purchased a more comprehensive plan, treatment that began the day after enrollment might not have been covered.“This is why it’s so important to be insured before something happens,” Corlette said. “It’s not just about coverage, it’s about timing.”A Harsh Lesson in HindsightBack when Kahn lost her job, she was still within the 60-day window to opt into COBRA. Had she done so and paid the premium, her coverage would have applied retroactively to the day she was laid off. She didn’t realize this until much later.Now re-employed and covered under her new job’s insurance, Kahn is still chipping away at the debt from her run-in with the bat. She negotiated one $706 bill down to $420 and set up a $10-a-month payment plan for a separate $530 charge. But over $19,000 remains unpaid.

how a bat-scare cost a 33-year-old massachusetts resident a medical bill of $20,000

Your Home May Look Clean, But These 8 Spots Are Dirtier Than You Think

Sharp Rise in STEC Infections Across England: Public Urged to Step Up Hygiene Measures

sharp rise in stec infections across england: public urged to step up hygiene measures

Science of Hair Serums: Do They Really Repair Damaged Hair?

science of hair serums: do they really repair damaged hair?

Did You Know? You're Wired To Monotask, Not Multitask

did you know? you're wired to monotask, not multitask

You may be cleaning your house well, however, there may still be spots, corners, and places that you could be missing. But, what makes germs stick in these corners longer than other spots? Well, there could be certain reasons, that determine the duration of a germ, including:

<strong>Surface Types: </strong>solid surfaces like counters or textured surfaces

<strong>Living Habits:</strong> How often do you clean or disinfect surfaces

<strong>Lifestyle Practices:</strong> Washing hands and bathing regularly

<strong>Cleaning Procedures: </strong>What you use to clean, whether it is using bleach or alcohol based cleaning supplies

<h4>What Are The Top 8 Dirtiest Spots In Your House?</h4>

As per the National Sanitation Foundation (NSF), areas where food is kept, stored or prepared have the most bacteria as well as fecal contamination than any other place in your home.

In fact, more than 75% of dish sponges and rags have Salmonella, E. coli, and fecal matter compared with 9% of bathroom faucet handles.

The elements in kitchen that needs to be cleaned frequently include:

<ul><li>Cutting boards</li><li>Coffee maker</li><li>Refrigerator, especially where uncooked food is kept</li><li>Kitchen sinks and counter tops</li></ul>

What can you do? Use disinfectant wipes on faucets, refrigerator surfaces and counter tops. You can also damp sponges in microwave for a minute to kill bacteria.

The World Health Organization (WHO) also recommends washing your hands for at least 20 seconds before and after you touch raw meat or unprepared food.

<strong>ALSO READ: <a href="https://www.healthandme.com/nutrition/dirtiest-things-that-you-touch-in-a-restaurant-that-could-cause-food-poisoning-article-151470629" data-type="tilCustomLink">Dirtiest Things That You Touch In A Restaurant That Could Cause Food Poisoning</a></strong> 

These surfaces are touched continuously. While, it may miss out from daily cleaning, however, if you come to think about it, these places may be touched more than you would ever keep a count of.

NSF also found that bathroom light switches, refrigerator handles, stove knobs, and microwave handles were the dirtiest places in the house. You can use disinfecting wipes once a week to ensure they are clean and safe to use. 

The place where you keep your makeup, and even your make up bag is one of the dirtiest places and this can infect your eyes, or cause skin infections. 

A 2020 Lancet study shows that viruses can also get on makeup applicator from your hands and could make way to your eyes, nose, and mouth. 

The best way to deal with it? Change the way you store your makeup. Make sure all the products are stored clean and dry. Clean your makeup brushes, wash them once a week with regular soap and water, or use an alcohol spray. Some doctors also recommend replacing cosmetics every 6 months. 

Of course it is one of the dirtiest places in your home. This is where you scrub off dirt from your body and thus, becomes a breeding ground for bacteria. 

There is also a lot of moisture in the bathroom, an environment that helps germ grow. 

Where should you pay special attention? Shower tub, drains, faucets, floor around the toilet seat, bath towels, and toothbrushes.

<strong>ALSO READ: <a href="https://www.healthandme.com/health-wellness/your-towels-are-making-you-sick-how-often-should-you-wash-them-article-151120851" data-type="tilCustomLink">Your Towels Are Making You Sick— How Often Should You Wash Them?</a></strong> 

Make sure you flush the toilet with its lid on.

Leaving damp laundry in the washing machine, even if for just 30 minutes, can create the perfect environment for germs to grow. Always move clothes to the dryer right after the wash cycle ends.

If you’ve forgotten a load for a while, it’s best to rewash it. When using a laundromat or shared laundry room, wipe the washer drum with a disinfectant wipe before use.

Also, avoid folding clean clothes on public surfaces without wiping them down first. Washing clothes in warm or hot water, notes UNICEF, especially items worn in public, is more effective at killing viruses and bacteria than cold water.

NSF found that remote controls, keyboards, phones, and tablets are often shared among family and guests, and they’re germ hotspots. It also found mold, yeast, and even Staphylococcus on remotes and game controllers in multiple households.

A 2018 study published in the International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health found that carpets can trap up to eight times their weight in dirt, sometimes making them dirtier than a city sidewalk. Viruses can survive for up to 3 days on plastic surfaces like remotes and keyboards.

Wipe down these items regularly with disinfectant wipes or a soapy cloth, and always wash your hands after returning home before touching any surfaces or electronics.

Your furry friends can bring germs indoors, especially if they spend time outside. Pet bowls, as per NSF, rank as the 4th germiest item in the home, with toys close behind. Studies have found staph, yeast, and mold on pet items.

<ul><li>Wash bowls daily with warm, soapy water</li><li>Soak toys and bowls in diluted bleach weekly</li><li>Clean hard toys with hot water regularly</li><li>Wash soft toys once a month</li><li>Wipe your pet’s paws before they come inside.</li></ul>

While your pet may not get sick, the germs they carry can easily transfer to your hands or face.

You may be cleaning your house well, however, there may still be spots, corners, and places that you could be missing. But, what makes germs stick in these corners longer than other spots? Well, there could be certain reasons, that determine the duration of a germ, including:Surface Types: solid surfaces like counters or textured surfacesLiving Habits: How often do you clean or disinfect surfacesLifestyle Practices: Washing hands and bathing regularlyCleaning Procedures: What you use to clean, whether it is using bleach or alcohol based cleaning suppliesWhat Are The Top 8 Dirtiest Spots In Your House?Kitchen As per the National Sanitation Foundation (NSF), areas where food is kept, stored or prepared have the most bacteria as well as fecal contamination than any other place in your home.In fact, more than 75% of dish sponges and rags have Salmonella, E. coli, and fecal matter compared with 9% of bathroom faucet handles.The elements in kitchen that needs to be cleaned frequently include:Cutting boardsCoffee makerRefrigerator, especially where uncooked food is keptKitchen sinks and counter topsWhat can you do? Use disinfectant wipes on faucets, refrigerator surfaces and counter tops. You can also damp sponges in microwave for a minute to kill bacteria.The World Health Organization (WHO) also recommends washing your hands for at least 20 seconds before and after you touch raw meat or unprepared food.ALSO READ: Dirtiest Things That You Touch In A Restaurant That Could Cause Food Poisoning Knobs, Door Handles, SwitchesThese surfaces are touched continuously. While, it may miss out from daily cleaning, however, if you come to think about it, these places may be touched more than you would ever keep a count of.NSF also found that bathroom light switches, refrigerator handles, stove knobs, and microwave handles were the dirtiest places in the house. You can use disinfecting wipes once a week to ensure they are clean and safe to use. Your Makeup CornerThe place where you keep your makeup, and even your make up bag is one of the dirtiest places and this can infect your eyes, or cause skin infections. A 2020 Lancet study shows that viruses can also get on makeup applicator from your hands and could make way to your eyes, nose, and mouth. The best way to deal with it? Change the way you store your makeup. Make sure all the products are stored clean and dry. Clean your makeup brushes, wash them once a week with regular soap and water, or use an alcohol spray. Some doctors also recommend replacing cosmetics every 6 months. BathroomOf course it is one of the dirtiest places in your home. This is where you scrub off dirt from your body and thus, becomes a breeding ground for bacteria. There is also a lot of moisture in the bathroom, an environment that helps germ grow. Where should you pay special attention? Shower tub, drains, faucets, floor around the toilet seat, bath towels, and toothbrushes.ALSO READ: Your Towels Are Making You Sick— How Often Should You Wash Them? Make sure you flush the toilet with its lid on.LaundryLeaving damp laundry in the washing machine, even if for just 30 minutes, can create the perfect environment for germs to grow. Always move clothes to the dryer right after the wash cycle ends.If you’ve forgotten a load for a while, it’s best to rewash it. When using a laundromat or shared laundry room, wipe the washer drum with a disinfectant wipe before use.Also, avoid folding clean clothes on public surfaces without wiping them down first. Washing clothes in warm or hot water, notes UNICEF, especially items worn in public, is more effective at killing viruses and bacteria than cold water.Home Office & Living RoomNSF found that remote controls, keyboards, phones, and tablets are often shared among family and guests, and they’re germ hotspots. It also found mold, yeast, and even Staphylococcus on remotes and game controllers in multiple households.A 2018 study published in the International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health found that carpets can trap up to eight times their weight in dirt, sometimes making them dirtier than a city sidewalk. Viruses can survive for up to 3 days on plastic surfaces like remotes and keyboards.Wipe down these items regularly with disinfectant wipes or a soapy cloth, and always wash your hands after returning home before touching any surfaces or electronics.PetsYour furry friends can bring germs indoors, especially if they spend time outside. Pet bowls, as per NSF, rank as the 4th germiest item in the home, with toys close behind. Studies have found staph, yeast, and mold on pet items.Some helpful hygiene tips:Wash bowls daily with warm, soapy waterSoak toys and bowls in diluted bleach weeklyClean hard toys with hot water regularlyWash soft toys once a monthWipe your pet’s paws before they come inside.While your pet may not get sick, the germs they carry can easily transfer to your hands or face.Personal ItemsEvery time you return home, you might be unknowingly bringing in bacteria and viruses, on your shoes, phone, wallet, or even headphones.In a study by NSF of 22 homes, fecal bacteria, yeast, and mold were found on:PhonesKeysWallets and cashLunchboxesThe bottoms of pursesREAD: This Everyday Personal Item Can Become As Breeding Ground For BacteriaSince many of these items are made of plastic or metal, some viruses can live on them for up to 72 hours.Disinfecting wipes work well on most of these surfaces. For electronics, consider using wipes specifically made for tech gear to avoid damage.

What Is Acute Necrotizing Encephalopathy? The Rare Brain Swelling In Kids That Is Linked To Flu

Quick Stories

PCOS Isn’t Just Hormonal, It Might Be Fueling This Dangerous Heart Condition

How A Bat-Scare Cost A 33-year-old Massachusetts Resident A Medical Bill Of $20,000

Your Home May Look Clean, But These 8 Spots Are Dirtier Than You Think

Health Conditions A-Z

PCOS Isn’t Just Hormonal, It Might Be Fueling This Dangerous Heart Condition

How A Bat-Scare Cost A 33-year-old Massachusetts Resident A Medical Bill Of 20,000

Had COVID? Your Next Flu Could Reactivate Dormant Breast Cancer Cells, Researchers Warn