Health and Me

Tanya Dutt

World Brain Day 2025: Could Your Brain Heal Itself? Why Scientists Are Betting On Neuroplasticity To Treat Neurological Disorders

There's a remarkable change taking place within your brain every single day and chances are, you don't even realize it. Every time you overcome a bad habit, acquire a new skill, or have a new idea, your brain remaps itself. This isn't poetic, it's science and it is called <span>neuroplasticity</span>.

For decades, scientists thought the adult brain was static, hardwired after childhood but over the last few decades, that's been completely rewritten by futuristic science. Today we know that the brain is dynamic, a changing entity that continues to adapt throughout life. Whether you're healing from trauma, creating new habits, or attempting to hone focus, your brain has the capacity to change—structurally and functionally.

What makes it even more intriguing is the way all this occurs unseen, as if a sculptor is working quietly, remolding clay with every experience, feeling, and deed. Neurons are reconfigured, synapses grow or dissolve. Large areas of the brain expand or contract based upon usage.

You're not tied to the brain you were born with. Neuroplasticity is possibility, and opening it up doesn't involve miracle tablets—it takes regular, conscious effort. From mindfulness exercises to movement and mindset changes, tiny habits can result in huge rewiring. Let's see how it works—and what it might do for your mental health.

Neuroplasticity is the brain's capacity to reorganize its structure and function as a result of learning, experience, or injury. It's a process by which new connections are created among neurons or the existing ones are stabilized, enabling the brain to change. Says Dr. Prajwal Rao, Professor and Head of Neurology at Pune's Dr. D.Y. Patil Medical College, "Neuroplasticity is the brain's built-in mechanism for recovery.". It's how the nervous system adapts, compensates, and—even when injured—develops new ways of working." 

This concept has transformed the treatment of injury to the central nervous system (CNS), consisting of the brain and spinal cord. Following a traumatic brain injury (TBI) or spinal cord injury (SCI), rehabilitation efforts now center upon retraining the brain through neuroplastic principles.

<h2>What is The Common Thread Between Birth Injury to Neurodegeneration?</h2>

On the surface, cerebral palsy and Parkinson's disease seem worlds apart. One is a motor disorder due to brain damage in utero or in the first moments after birth; the other is an otherwise healthy neurological disease that typically happens later in life. But both have damaged brain circuits—and that's where neuroplasticity comes in.

As Dr Rao explains, "Cerebral palsy, usually resulting from brain damage at birth, and Parkinson's disease, an incurable condition that degrades brain cells responsible for movement, are worlds apart. But both have something in common: both are the result of damage to brain circuits. And that's where neuroplasticity becomes relevant.".

The brain's neural network is able to create new paths or reinforce old ones, particularly when they are stimulated by activity, learning, or therapy. In cerebral palsy individuals, this rewiring is able to improve coordination and movement. In Parkinson's patients, the brain can be persuaded to tap into alternative pathways to make up for motor deficits by doing targeted exercises or activities."

In children with cerebral palsy, it is possible to train the brain to redirect impaired motor functions to healthier areas. With age, neuroplasticity makes it possible to enhance movement despite the damage being static. In Parkinson's disease patients, therapies involving targeted movement, rhythm, and coordination exercises can restore or even recover motor functions by facilitating alternate neural pathways to assume lost functions.

When you learn something new—how to ride a bike, how to play the piano, or even how to type—your brain is making certain links between neurons stronger. That's neuroplasticity in action. But here's the kicker- this very principle will work even after neural damage, provided the brain is stimulated with regular and targeted activity.

Consider for instance the mechanism of task-specific repetition. In order for neuroplastic changes to occur, the task needs to be:

Repetitive: The more it's practiced, the more efficient and instinctive it becomes.

Whether it's a child learning to walk again or an adult trying to regain hand coordination after a stroke, neuroplasticity makes progress possible—not perfect, but often meaningful. "Modern rehabilitation approaches are now designed to tap into this power. Tools like robot-assisted therapy, virtual reality, and non-invasive brain stimulation are showing promise in helping patients recover brain functions. It’s like giving the brain a second chance to learn what it lost. The key, is timing and repetition, the earlier and more consistently someone engages their brain through goal-directed activity, the better the chances of building new neural pathways. Think of it as physical therapy for your brain," adds Dr Rao.

<h2>What Are Some New Technologies Leveraging Brain Plasticity?</h2>

Rehabilitation in today's world is more than walking along parallel bars or doing puzzles. Advanced therapy is capitalizing on the plasticity of the brain. Some of these include:

Virtual Reality (VR): Engaging surroundings assist patients in moving and balancing in interactive, real-time situations.

Robot-Assisted Therapy: Machines assist limbs by guiding them through movement to facilitate neuromuscular retraining.

Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation: Methods such as transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) increase plasticity by altering neural activity.

These are not sci-fi tools—these are already being used in clinics, aiding individuals in regaining control over their body and life following neurological injury.

<h2>How Neuroplasticity Can Help Treat <span rel="noindex">Neurological Disorders</span>?</h2>

One of the most robust outcomes in neuroplasticity research is that sooner is better. The earlier therapy begins—particularly after trauma—the more plastic the brain will be. Speed is only part of it, however. Consistency and intensity are also crucial. Working on highly structured, goal-driven activities daily reinforces new neural pathways and promotes sustained change.

It's physical therapy for your brain: challenge, repeat, get used to it, repeat once again.

It's crucial to understand: neuroplasticity is no panacea. It does not reverse damage to the brain or stop diseases in their tracks. Parkinson's disease continues to progress, and cerebral palsy is still a life-long affliction. But accessing the brain's capacity to reorganize provides a means to improvement, not merely management.

Neuroplasticity cannot reverse all symptoms but can enhance function, independence, and most importantly quality of life.

We’re still scratching the surface of what neuroplasticity can do. But what’s clear is this: the brain is not a static organ. It’s dynamic, responsive, and, with the right tools and persistence, capable of remarkable change. From the neonatal ICU to nursing homes, this concept is reshaping neurological care.

As Dr. Rao concludes, “This doesn’t mean neuroplasticity is a magical cure. Conditions such as Parkinson's remain progressive, and cerebral palsy is accompanied by a lifetime of difficulties but tapping the brain's own malleability provides clinicians and patients with an extraordinary tool to enhance quality of life. Briefly, neuroplasticity is becoming one of medicine's most promising frontiers. Whether in a child with cerebral palsy learning to walk, or an older person with Parkinson's learning to balance again, the brain's capacity to rewire itself might be one of its most powerful assets.

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Silent Walking: Mental Health Booster That Keeps You Fit

There's a remarkable change taking place within your brain every single day and chances are, you don't even realize it. Every time you overcome a bad habit, acquire a new skill, or have a new idea, your brain remaps itself. This isn't poetic, it's science and it is called neuroplasticity.For decades, scientists thought the adult brain was static, hardwired after childhood but over the last few decades, that's been completely rewritten by futuristic science. Today we know that the brain is dynamic, a changing entity that continues to adapt throughout life. Whether you're healing from trauma, creating new habits, or attempting to hone focus, your brain has the capacity to change—structurally and functionally.What makes it even more intriguing is the way all this occurs unseen, as if a sculptor is working quietly, remolding clay with every experience, feeling, and deed. Neurons are reconfigured, synapses grow or dissolve. Large areas of the brain expand or contract based upon usage.You're not tied to the brain you were born with. Neuroplasticity is possibility, and opening it up doesn't involve miracle tablets—it takes regular, conscious effort. From mindfulness exercises to movement and mindset changes, tiny habits can result in huge rewiring. Let's see how it works—and what it might do for your mental health.What Is Neuroplasticity?Neuroplasticity is the brain's capacity to reorganize its structure and function as a result of learning, experience, or injury. It's a process by which new connections are created among neurons or the existing ones are stabilized, enabling the brain to change. Says Dr. Prajwal Rao, Professor and Head of Neurology at Pune's Dr. D.Y. Patil Medical College, "Neuroplasticity is the brain's built-in mechanism for recovery.". It's how the nervous system adapts, compensates, and—even when injured—develops new ways of working." This concept has transformed the treatment of injury to the central nervous system (CNS), consisting of the brain and spinal cord. Following a traumatic brain injury (TBI) or spinal cord injury (SCI), rehabilitation efforts now center upon retraining the brain through neuroplastic principles.What is The Common Thread Between Birth Injury to Neurodegeneration?On the surface, cerebral palsy and Parkinson's disease seem worlds apart. One is a motor disorder due to brain damage in utero or in the first moments after birth; the other is an otherwise healthy neurological disease that typically happens later in life. But both have damaged brain circuits—and that's where neuroplasticity comes in.As Dr Rao explains, "Cerebral palsy, usually resulting from brain damage at birth, and Parkinson's disease, an incurable condition that degrades brain cells responsible for movement, are worlds apart. But both have something in common: both are the result of damage to brain circuits. And that's where neuroplasticity becomes relevant.".The brain's neural network is able to create new paths or reinforce old ones, particularly when they are stimulated by activity, learning, or therapy. In cerebral palsy individuals, this rewiring is able to improve coordination and movement. In Parkinson's patients, the brain can be persuaded to tap into alternative pathways to make up for motor deficits by doing targeted exercises or activities."In children with cerebral palsy, it is possible to train the brain to redirect impaired motor functions to healthier areas. With age, neuroplasticity makes it possible to enhance movement despite the damage being static. In Parkinson's disease patients, therapies involving targeted movement, rhythm, and coordination exercises can restore or even recover motor functions by facilitating alternate neural pathways to assume lost functions.When you learn something new—how to ride a bike, how to play the piano, or even how to type—your brain is making certain links between neurons stronger. That's neuroplasticity in action. But here's the kicker- this very principle will work even after neural damage, provided the brain is stimulated with regular and targeted activity.Consider for instance the mechanism of task-specific repetition. In order for neuroplastic changes to occur, the task needs to be:Novel: It stimulates new circuits.Challenging: It keeps the brain engaged.Repetitive: The more it's practiced, the more efficient and instinctive it becomes.Whether it's a child learning to walk again or an adult trying to regain hand coordination after a stroke, neuroplasticity makes progress possible—not perfect, but often meaningful. "Modern rehabilitation approaches are now designed to tap into this power. Tools like robot-assisted therapy, virtual reality, and non-invasive brain stimulation are showing promise in helping patients recover brain functions. It’s like giving the brain a second chance to learn what it lost. The key, is timing and repetition, the earlier and more consistently someone engages their brain through goal-directed activity, the better the chances of building new neural pathways. Think of it as physical therapy for your brain," adds Dr Rao.What Are Some New Technologies Leveraging Brain Plasticity?Rehabilitation in today's world is more than walking along parallel bars or doing puzzles. Advanced therapy is capitalizing on the plasticity of the brain. Some of these include:Virtual Reality (VR): Engaging surroundings assist patients in moving and balancing in interactive, real-time situations.Robot-Assisted Therapy: Machines assist limbs by guiding them through movement to facilitate neuromuscular retraining.Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation: Methods such as transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) increase plasticity by altering neural activity.These are not sci-fi tools—these are already being used in clinics, aiding individuals in regaining control over their body and life following neurological injury.How Neuroplasticity Can Help Treat Neurological Disorders?One of the most robust outcomes in neuroplasticity research is that sooner is better. The earlier therapy begins—particularly after trauma—the more plastic the brain will be. Speed is only part of it, however. Consistency and intensity are also crucial. Working on highly structured, goal-driven activities daily reinforces new neural pathways and promotes sustained change.It's physical therapy for your brain: challenge, repeat, get used to it, repeat once again.It's crucial to understand: neuroplasticity is no panacea. It does not reverse damage to the brain or stop diseases in their tracks. Parkinson's disease continues to progress, and cerebral palsy is still a life-long affliction. But accessing the brain's capacity to reorganize provides a means to improvement, not merely management.Neuroplasticity cannot reverse all symptoms but can enhance function, independence, and most importantly quality of life.We’re still scratching the surface of what neuroplasticity can do. But what’s clear is this: the brain is not a static organ. It’s dynamic, responsive, and, with the right tools and persistence, capable of remarkable change. From the neonatal ICU to nursing homes, this concept is reshaping neurological care.As Dr. Rao concludes, “This doesn’t mean neuroplasticity is a magical cure. Conditions such as Parkinson's remain progressive, and cerebral palsy is accompanied by a lifetime of difficulties but tapping the brain's own malleability provides clinicians and patients with an extraordinary tool to enhance quality of life. Briefly, neuroplasticity is becoming one of medicine's most promising frontiers. Whether in a child with cerebral palsy learning to walk, or an older person with Parkinson's learning to balance again, the brain's capacity to rewire itself might be one of its most powerful assets.

world brain day 2025: could your brain heal itself? why scientists are betting on neuroplasticity to treat neurological disorders

Supriya Ramesh

The Quiet Anxiety in High Achievers and Why Success Does Not Silence FOMO

Credits: Canva

Does Your Mind Go Blank Mid-Conversation? Science Reveals The Truth ‘Blanking Out’

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Don't Let The Smiling 'Fit' Selfies On Social Media Fool You, Here's What Eating Disorders Can Look Like

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The Overlooked Role of Men in IVF: Why Their Silent Strength Is Key to Fertility Success

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Rage Recedes After 50 In Women But Suppressed Anger Could Be Harming Your Health, Here's How

rage recedes after 50 in women but suppressed anger could be harming your health, here's how

<span>High performers</span> are typically seen as the gold standard of confidence, clarity, and control. They are the ones with packed schedules, flooded inboxes, and achievements that look impressive on paper. Yet, behind this polished exterior lies a quiet undercurrent of anxiety, a sense that despite all their success, they’re somehow falling behind.

This isn’t your usual fear of missing out on parties or holidays. Pritika Singh, a <span>mental health</span> expert, explains that this is a more internalised form of FOMO, driven by self-comparison. It’s not about others having more fun; it’s about thinking, “Maybe I should’ve done things differently, moved faster, started earlier.” These thoughts tend to creep in during long commutes, late nights, or while scrolling through yet another announcement of someone else’s achievement.

In the world of high performance, such feelings rarely find a voice. Singh observes that the conversations in these circles stay surface-level—productivity, KPIs, market trends. But beneath it all is an emotional toll: the weight of constant <span>ambition</span>, the pressure to do better, and the fear that someone else is inching ahead. And it’s not about craving praise either. Most of these professionals stopped chasing external validation long ago. What rattles them is the subtle sense of sta when growth feels slow and someone else’s story feels shinier.

Why is this happening? Singh points to the nature of the environment these individuals work in. When excellence is expected, achievements that once thrilled now feel ordinary. An idea that was groundbreaking five years ago may now seem outdated. Constant exposure to others’ polished highlight reels can skew one’s perspective, leaving even top-tier professionals feeling behind.

The high-functioning brain is always buzzing with “What more could I have done?” Left unchecked, this becomes more draining than motivating. Ms Singh notes how this mental churn can blur decision-making. Success doesn’t feel like success. Taking a break feels like laziness. And even milestones are accompanied by a haunting urgency to get to the next one.

There’s also the cultural expectation that leaders must always be strong, focused, and future-oriented. As Singh puts it, the higher someone climbs, the fewer spaces they find to express vulnerability. And as everyone else’s life appears increasingly curated and perfect, the loneliness grows. The internal struggle becomes more isolated, more silent.

According to Singh, what helps is clarity, not the kind that fills spreadsheets or timelines, but the one that comes from knowing your personal direction. Without this, even ambitious pursuits can feel empty. It’s important to filter what truly deserves your attention. Every achievement that pops up on your feed is not your missed opportunity. “Momentum, when borrowed, rarely lasts,” she warns. That buzz of external inspiration often leads people away from what really matters.

Instead of reacting constantly, Singh recommends carving out time for honest reflection. Ironically, some of the best leadership decisions happen in the quiet seasons. It’s not always about doing more, she says. Sometimes, it’s about doing what’s right with intention.

This silent form of FOMO is widespread but rarely acknowledged. High performers are often expected to have it all figured out. But Singh warns that when the pressure builds from within slowly, subtly, and without expression, it chips away at the very edge that made them excel in the first place.

It’s not about whether someone else is racing ahead. Singh closes with a powerful reminder: “The better question is whether the current direction still feels right.” Because when it does, the outside noise starts to fade.

high performers

silent fomo

ambition

mental health

burnout

internal comparison

leadership pressure

success anxiety

productivity culture

emotional exhaustion

High performers are typically seen as the gold standard of confidence, clarity, and control. They are the ones with packed schedules, flooded inboxes, and achievements that look impressive on paper. Yet, behind this polished exterior lies a quiet undercurrent of anxiety, a sense that despite all their success, they’re somehow falling behind.FOMO, But Not the One You ThinkThis isn’t your usual fear of missing out on parties or holidays. Pritika Singh, a mental health expert, explains that this is a more internalised form of FOMO, driven by self-comparison. It’s not about others having more fun; it’s about thinking, “Maybe I should’ve done things differently, moved faster, started earlier.” These thoughts tend to creep in during long commutes, late nights, or while scrolling through yet another announcement of someone else’s achievement.What No One Talks AboutIn the world of high performance, such feelings rarely find a voice. Singh observes that the conversations in these circles stay surface-level—productivity, KPIs, market trends. But beneath it all is an emotional toll: the weight of constant ambition, the pressure to do better, and the fear that someone else is inching ahead. And it’s not about craving praise either. Most of these professionals stopped chasing external validation long ago. What rattles them is the subtle sense of sta when growth feels slow and someone else’s story feels shinier.The Environment of Ever-Rising BarsWhy is this happening? Singh points to the nature of the environment these individuals work in. When excellence is expected, achievements that once thrilled now feel ordinary. An idea that was groundbreaking five years ago may now seem outdated. Constant exposure to others’ polished highlight reels can skew one’s perspective, leaving even top-tier professionals feeling behind.The Mental Churn of ‘What More?’The high-functioning brain is always buzzing with “What more could I have done?” Left unchecked, this becomes more draining than motivating. Ms Singh notes how this mental churn can blur decision-making. Success doesn’t feel like success. Taking a break feels like laziness. And even milestones are accompanied by a haunting urgency to get to the next one.Why It Feels So Lonely at the TopThere’s also the cultural expectation that leaders must always be strong, focused, and future-oriented. As Singh puts it, the higher someone climbs, the fewer spaces they find to express vulnerability. And as everyone else’s life appears increasingly curated and perfect, the loneliness grows. The internal struggle becomes more isolated, more silent.What Actually HelpsAccording to Singh, what helps is clarity, not the kind that fills spreadsheets or timelines, but the one that comes from knowing your personal direction. Without this, even ambitious pursuits can feel empty. It’s important to filter what truly deserves your attention. Every achievement that pops up on your feed is not your missed opportunity. “Momentum, when borrowed, rarely lasts,” she warns. That buzz of external inspiration often leads people away from what really matters.Make Space for QuietInstead of reacting constantly, Singh recommends carving out time for honest reflection. Ironically, some of the best leadership decisions happen in the quiet seasons. It’s not always about doing more, she says. Sometimes, it’s about doing what’s right with intention.When the Inner Edge Begins to FrayThis silent form of FOMO is widespread but rarely acknowledged. High performers are often expected to have it all figured out. But Singh warns that when the pressure builds from within slowly, subtly, and without expression, it chips away at the very edge that made them excel in the first place.Ask the Right QuestionIt’s not about whether someone else is racing ahead. Singh closes with a powerful reminder: “The better question is whether the current direction still feels right.” Because when it does, the outside noise starts to fade.

the quiet anxiety in high achievers and why success does not silence fomo

Ishita Roy

Sarcoma Awareness Month Exclusive: You Should Listen Closely To What Your Body Tells You, Says Top US Sarcoma Expert

12-Year-Old Teen Dies From Rare Brain Tumor After Unusual Early Signs, Grieving Mother Urges Parents To Watch For Subtle Symptoms

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Lung Cancer Is Not Just a Smoker’s Disease; Here is What is Putting You at Risk

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Every July, <span>Sarcoma Awareness Month</span> reminds us of a cancer that’s often sidelined in public discourse. However, <span>sarcoma</span> is not just one disease, it is a group of rare cancers with over 150 subtypes, many of which can mimic everyday health complaints or go completely unnoticed until they’re dangerously advanced.

To break through the confusion and stigma surrounding sarcomas, Health and Me spoke exclusively with Dr. Mrinal Gounder, a globally recognized sarcoma expert and medical oncologist at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, who is also the Physician Ambassador to India and Asia

“When someone says they have a sarcoma, the real question is: what type?” says Dr. Gounder. “That’s the question that determines everything.”

<h4>What Is Sarcoma, And Why Don’t People Know About It?</h4>

Sarcomas are cancers of the body’s supporting structures, explains doctor. These include anything that supports the body's structure, a muscle, fat, bone, blood vessels, cartilage, and connective tissue. 

They can arise anywhere in the body, from a hair follicle on the scalp to deep inside an organ. Unlike most cancers that are linked to age or lifestyle, like smoking or pollution, sarcomas can affect anyone, from infants to the elderly.

Sarcomas make up just 1% of all cancers, which is why they’re often overshadowed by more common types like breast, lung, or colon cancer. Yet their rarity doesn't make them any less dangerous.

“Many assume sarcomas are benign tumors,” Dr. Gounder warns. “But most are malignant. And when left undiagnosed or mismanaged, they can be fatal.”

Unlike breast or lung cancer, sarcomas don’t have a “home base.” You can’t always scan one specific body part and expect to find them. 

Their symptoms can be misleading, ranging from a small lump under the skin to persistent leg pain or a mysterious cough. In young adults, especially, symptoms are often dismissed as sports injuries, growth pains, or hormonal changes.

“A teenager may say their leg hurts. People tell them it’s from playing football. But if that pain lingers for weeks or months, that’s a red flag,” explains Dr. Gounder.

He stresses the importance of listening to your body and trusting your instincts. Persistent or unexplained pain, swelling, or fatigue, especially in children or young adults, should prompt further medical evaluation.

<h4>The Right Diagnosis Is Everything</h4>

Getting a <span>sarcoma diagnosis</span> is complex. The location, biopsy technique, and pathology expertise all matter deeply.

“Not everyone should biopsy a suspected sarcoma,” says Dr. Gounder. “A wrong biopsy can cause serious complications or limit treatment options later.”

He recommends that any unusual mass or unexplained symptom, especially in young patients, should be assessed at a cancer center or specialist clinic with expertise in sarcoma. 

Diagnosis requires not just imaging but also molecular testing and precision pathology—and ideally, a team-based approach.

Surprisingly, most sarcomas aren’t linked to lifestyle, diet, or pollution. 

Around 20% of cases may be due to genetic predisposition, including inherited mutations or developmental changes that occur in utero. The remaining 80% are sporadic—essentially random, unexplained genetic misfires.

“They’re not preventable in the conventional sense.”

That said, anyone with a family history of young-onset cancers, even if not sarcomas, should consider genetic counseling and testing, especially if multiple relatives were affected in their 30s, 40s, or 50s.

<h4>The Biopsy Mistake People Keep Making</h4>

A key takeaway from Dr. Gounder’s experience is the urgency to pause, not rush. Often, the moment someone hears the word “tumor,” they panic, and quickly seek a biopsy or treatment at the nearest facility.

“But a rushed or poorly planned biopsy can do more harm than good,” he cautions.

Instead, he advises taking a few days or even weeks to seek guidance from a sarcoma specialist.

A well-thought-out plan—starting with the correct imaging, followed by expert-led biopsy and staging—can make all the difference.

There’s no sure way to prevent sarcoma. However, awareness and early detection remain our best tools. For those with a strong family history of early-age cancers, Dr. Gounder advises genetic testing—but only under the guidance of a trained counselor.

“Genetic testing can bring answers, but also anxiety,” he notes. “Do it only if you’re emotionally and medically prepared for the results.”

While lifestyle changes may not directly prevent sarcoma, maintaining a healthy body through movement, balanced diet, and avoiding processed foods, "anything that comes out of packaged boxes or bottles", tobacco and excessive alcohol reduces risk for other common cancers, which are now spiking among younger populations globally.

Sarcoma doesn’t follow rules. It doesn’t care about age or health. “If something feels off, don’t ignore it,” says Dr. Gounder. “You know your body better than anyone. If a symptom doesn’t go away after a few weeks, listen to that voice and seek help.”

sarcoma

health and wellness

sarcoma awareness month

sarcoma diagnosis

is sarcoma preventable

what are sarcomas

Every July, Sarcoma Awareness Month reminds us of a cancer that’s often sidelined in public discourse. However, sarcoma is not just one disease, it is a group of rare cancers with over 150 subtypes, many of which can mimic everyday health complaints or go completely unnoticed until they’re dangerously advanced.To break through the confusion and stigma surrounding sarcomas, Health and Me spoke exclusively with Dr. Mrinal Gounder, a globally recognized sarcoma expert and medical oncologist at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, who is also the Physician Ambassador to India and Asia.“When someone says they have a sarcoma, the real question is: what type?” says Dr. Gounder. “That’s the question that determines everything.”What Is Sarcoma, And Why Don’t People Know About It?Sarcomas are cancers of the body’s supporting structures, explains doctor. These include anything that supports the body's structure, a muscle, fat, bone, blood vessels, cartilage, and connective tissue. They can arise anywhere in the body, from a hair follicle on the scalp to deep inside an organ. Unlike most cancers that are linked to age or lifestyle, like smoking or pollution, sarcomas can affect anyone, from infants to the elderly.Sarcomas make up just 1% of all cancers, which is why they’re often overshadowed by more common types like breast, lung, or colon cancer. Yet their rarity doesn't make them any less dangerous.“Many assume sarcomas are benign tumors,” Dr. Gounder warns. “But most are malignant. And when left undiagnosed or mismanaged, they can be fatal.”Why Diagnosis Is So DifficultUnlike breast or lung cancer, sarcomas don’t have a “home base.” You can’t always scan one specific body part and expect to find them. Their symptoms can be misleading, ranging from a small lump under the skin to persistent leg pain or a mysterious cough. In young adults, especially, symptoms are often dismissed as sports injuries, growth pains, or hormonal changes.“A teenager may say their leg hurts. People tell them it’s from playing football. But if that pain lingers for weeks or months, that’s a red flag,” explains Dr. Gounder.He stresses the importance of listening to your body and trusting your instincts. Persistent or unexplained pain, swelling, or fatigue, especially in children or young adults, should prompt further medical evaluation.The Right Diagnosis Is EverythingGetting a sarcoma diagnosis is complex. The location, biopsy technique, and pathology expertise all matter deeply.“Not everyone should biopsy a suspected sarcoma,” says Dr. Gounder. “A wrong biopsy can cause serious complications or limit treatment options later.”He recommends that any unusual mass or unexplained symptom, especially in young patients, should be assessed at a cancer center or specialist clinic with expertise in sarcoma. Diagnosis requires not just imaging but also molecular testing and precision pathology—and ideally, a team-based approach.What Causes Sarcoma?Surprisingly, most sarcomas aren’t linked to lifestyle, diet, or pollution. Around 20% of cases may be due to genetic predisposition, including inherited mutations or developmental changes that occur in utero. The remaining 80% are sporadic—essentially random, unexplained genetic misfires.“They’re not preventable in the conventional sense.”That said, anyone with a family history of young-onset cancers, even if not sarcomas, should consider genetic counseling and testing, especially if multiple relatives were affected in their 30s, 40s, or 50s.The Biopsy Mistake People Keep MakingA key takeaway from Dr. Gounder’s experience is the urgency to pause, not rush. Often, the moment someone hears the word “tumor,” they panic, and quickly seek a biopsy or treatment at the nearest facility.“But a rushed or poorly planned biopsy can do more harm than good,” he cautions.Instead, he advises taking a few days or even weeks to seek guidance from a sarcoma specialist.A well-thought-out plan—starting with the correct imaging, followed by expert-led biopsy and staging—can make all the difference.Is There Any Way to Prevent It?There’s no sure way to prevent sarcoma. However, awareness and early detection remain our best tools. For those with a strong family history of early-age cancers, Dr. Gounder advises genetic testing—but only under the guidance of a trained counselor.“Genetic testing can bring answers, but also anxiety,” he notes. “Do it only if you’re emotionally and medically prepared for the results.”While lifestyle changes may not directly prevent sarcoma, maintaining a healthy body through movement, balanced diet, and avoiding processed foods, "anything that comes out of packaged boxes or bottles", tobacco and excessive alcohol reduces risk for other common cancers, which are now spiking among younger populations globally.Sarcoma doesn’t follow rules. It doesn’t care about age or health. “If something feels off, don’t ignore it,” says Dr. Gounder. “You know your body better than anyone. If a symptom doesn’t go away after a few weeks, listen to that voice and seek help.”

sarcoma awareness month exclusive: you should listen closely to what your body tells you, advises top us sarcoma expert

How Sedation Helps People Feel Less Nervous At The Dentist

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If the thought of a dental visit sends your heart racing, you’re not alone. Most people avoid visits to a dentist, considering it to be raising their anxiety levels and creating a panic. This fear is known as <span>dental anxiety</span> and is more common than you might expect. Studies state that around 36 per cent of the population experience this fear, and around 12 per cent have extreme <span>dental phobia</span>. So we turned to an expert to know how sedation works and if it really helps anxious people overcome the fear. 

<strong>What Is <span rel="noindex">Sedation Dentistry</span>?</strong>

Don’t worry, it’s not a one-size-fits-all knockout. “In sedation dentistry, medication is used to relax the patients during any sort of invasive dental procedure,” explains Dr Kalsi. “It doesn’t mean that the patient will be unconscious; rather, the sedation levels may vary in intensity. They range from being minimum to deep and sometimes even general anaesthesia," says Dr Harleen Gandhi Kalsi. 

\In her words, “In minimal sedation, the individual is fully awake but feels calm. Deeply sedated patient is on the edge of unconsciousness.”

<strong>There are several ways sedation can be delivered:</strong>

<ul><li>Nitrous oxide (aka laughing gas): “Mild sedation inhaled through a mask, keeping you calm but fully responsive.”</li><li><span rel="noindex">Oral sedation</span>: “A pill (like diazepam) taken an hour before the appointment, causing drowsiness and reducing anxiety.”</li><li><span rel="noindex">IV sedation</span>: “A sedative drug is administered through a vein, allowing deeper and more controlled relaxation.”</li></ul>

<strong>No More Gritting Your Teeth Through the Pain</strong>

Wondering what the upside is? “The biggest benefit is psychological — sedation helps calm your mind and body, reducing the fear associated with <span>dental procedures</span>,” says Dr Kalsi.

But there’s more. “Sedation works alongside local anaesthesia to ensure you feel no pain during treatment, which reassures nervous patients.” You might even come out feeling like time flew. “Though the procedure may have taken hours, individuals feel it lasted for just a few minutes,” she points out.

If your body has a mind of its own in the chair, sedation can help with that too. “For patients who struggle with a strong <span>gag reflex</span> or the inability to sit still, sedation dentistry assists in making it a comfortable experience for the dentist as well as the patient,” Dr Kalsi says.

You might also not need to make as many dreaded trips. “Complex procedures can often be completed in one long sitting instead of multiple short visits, reducing the frequency of dental trips,” she adds.

A totally fair question. Dr Kalsi reassures, “If sedation is infused by a trained professional, sedation dentistry is safe.” She explains, “After reviewing your medical history, current drug usage and monitoring vitals, your dentist takes the final decision.”

sedation dentistry

dental anxiety

nitrous  oxide

oral sedation

iv sedation

pain free treatment

dental phobia

gag reflex

anxiety relief

dental procedures

If the thought of a dental visit sends your heart racing, you’re not alone. Most people avoid visits to a dentist, considering it to be raising their anxiety levels and creating a panic. This fear is known as dental anxiety and is more common than you might expect. Studies state that around 36 per cent of the population experience this fear, and around 12 per cent have extreme dental phobia. So we turned to an expert to know how sedation works and if it really helps anxious people overcome the fear. What Is Sedation Dentistry?Don’t worry, it’s not a one-size-fits-all knockout. “In sedation dentistry, medication is used to relax the patients during any sort of invasive dental procedure,” explains Dr Kalsi. “It doesn’t mean that the patient will be unconscious; rather, the sedation levels may vary in intensity. They range from being minimum to deep and sometimes even general anaesthesia," says Dr Harleen Gandhi Kalsi. \In her words, “In minimal sedation, the individual is fully awake but feels calm. Deeply sedated patient is on the edge of unconsciousness.”There are several ways sedation can be delivered:Nitrous oxide (aka laughing gas): “Mild sedation inhaled through a mask, keeping you calm but fully responsive.”Oral sedation: “A pill (like diazepam) taken an hour before the appointment, causing drowsiness and reducing anxiety.”IV sedation: “A sedative drug is administered through a vein, allowing deeper and more controlled relaxation.”No More Gritting Your Teeth Through the PainWondering what the upside is? “The biggest benefit is psychological — sedation helps calm your mind and body, reducing the fear associated with dental procedures,” says Dr Kalsi.But there’s more. “Sedation works alongside local anaesthesia to ensure you feel no pain during treatment, which reassures nervous patients.” You might even come out feeling like time flew. “Though the procedure may have taken hours, individuals feel it lasted for just a few minutes,” she points out.If your body has a mind of its own in the chair, sedation can help with that too. “For patients who struggle with a strong gag reflex or the inability to sit still, sedation dentistry assists in making it a comfortable experience for the dentist as well as the patient,” Dr Kalsi says.You might also not need to make as many dreaded trips. “Complex procedures can often be completed in one long sitting instead of multiple short visits, reducing the frequency of dental trips,” she adds.Is It Safe?A totally fair question. Dr Kalsi reassures, “If sedation is infused by a trained professional, sedation dentistry is safe.” She explains, “After reviewing your medical history, current drug usage and monitoring vitals, your dentist takes the final decision.”

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Sarcoma Awareness Month Exclusive: You Should Listen Closely To What Your Body Tells You, Advises Top US Sarcoma Expert