The US was only grappling with the ongoing Bird flu outbreak, on top of it, the nation is facing another health crisis of the deadly E.coli outbreak. It has reached grocery stores across different counties in the US. As per the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 15 people are in hospital and as many as 39 cases have been reported across 18 states so far.CDC mentioned that the outbreak has been traced to Grimmway Farms and recalled "multiple sizes and brands" of bagged organic baby and whole carrots. Despite these products no longer being available at the local grocery stores, they are still in people's kitchens and can pose great threats to them. Thus, the outbreak is still considered active by the CDC.The Grimmway Farms has already sold carrots to big supermarkets like Trader Joe's, President's Choice, Cal-Organic, Whole Foods' 365, Target's Good & Gather, Walmart's Marketside, and Wegmans. The full list of this can be found on the official website of CDC, published under the release titled Where People Got Sick: E.coli Outbreak, Organic Carrots, November 2024.What Is E.Coli?Escherichia coli, or E.coli is a bacterium that lives in the human intestine and is one of the most common causes of foodborne illness in the US and the UK. In June 2024, the UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) warned that E.coli cases reported across the UK were part of a single outbreak. It also issued a list of recalled products to parents as the outbreak spread. There are multiple species of E.coli, and some of them are also harmless. However, there are others that can result in mild symptoms, including nausea, fatigue, and diarrhoea, while some can be even more serious and can lead to life-threatening symptoms.Which US states are most affected?It has spread across 18 states across the US, including California, New York, Texas, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Michigan, and Colorado. The highest number of cases are reported from Washington, Minnesota, and New York, with California and Oregon the next on top.The contaminated products are being identified by their best-if-used-by dates. For baby organic carrots, their best-if-used-by dates are approximately between (9/11/2024) September 11 and (11/12/2024) November 12, while for organic carrots, the dates are between (8/14/2024) August 14 and (10/23/2024) October 23.What are the common symptoms of E.coli?With E.coli not being a new toxin, being known for a long time in medicine, the symptoms have been studied and can be recognised easily. Rais Vohra, a professor of Clinical Emergency medicine at UCSF Medical and director of the California Poison Control System Fresno-Madera Division says that most people recover, although some may experience severe symptoms too.The symptoms usually show up within the 3 to 4 days after infection, this may include:NauseaDiarrhoeaFeverLoss of appetiteVomitingIn some cases, especially with severe symptoms, a variety of E.coli may produce Shiga toxin (STEC), which can result in bloody diarrhoea and complications like hemolytic uremic syndrome. It leads to kidney failure and death. STEC gets into the gut lining and peels it off, this is why people may get bloody diarrhoea. The bacteria can also enter the bloodstream and can lead to blood poisoning or sepsis.What do you do if you have E.coli symptoms?Replenishing fluids and electrolytes which are lost due to excessive vomiting and diarrhoea is the most impactful way to recover from E.coli.If you notice a 102 degrees Fahrenheit fever, or diarrhoea that lasts longer than 3 days and a bloody diarrhoea, it is a must that you see a doctor.Preventive MeasureThe CDC has issued guides on the "4 Steps To Food Safety".The guidelines are based on prevention steps and strategies, they include:Practising cleanliness, and washing your hands and surfaces often. CDC recommends washing your hands for at least 20 seconds with soap and warm or cold water, before, during, and after preparing food and before eating food. CDC also recommends washing hands after handling uncooked meat, chicken and other poultry, seafood, flour or eggs. Wash your utensils, cutting boards, and countertops with hot, soapy water after preparing food and rinse fresh fruits and vegetables under running water.Another important part of the guideline urges people to separate food to avoid any cross-contamination. Raw meat, chicken and other poultry, seafood, and eggs can spread germs to ready-to-eat food, thus they must be kept separately. They must be stored in containers or be wrapped so their juices do not leak onto other food. A separate chopboard must be used to slice the meat or poultry or any other farm product. CDC also has mentioned to not wash raw chicken, as washing them first could spread the germs to other food.Cooking at the right temperature is also the key, and CDC recommends people to use a food thermometer to ensure foods are cooked to a safe internal temperature. CDC also shared an accurate reading list:Whole cuts of beef, veal, lamb, and pork, including fresh ham: 145°F (then allow the meat to rest for 3 minutes before carving or eating)Fish with fins: 145°F or cook until the flesh is opaque and separates easily with a forkGround meats, such as beef and pork: 160°FAll poultry, including ground chicken and turkey: 165°FLeftovers and casseroles: 165°FThe full reading list for cooking food can be found on the FoodSafety.gov website.Lastly, the fourth guideline is to refrigerate the food properly and not leave perishable food out for more than 2 hours. CDC recommends to keep your refrigerator at 40°F or below and your freezer at 0°F or below.