Do you often struggle with numbers or have a hard time reading the clock? Do people think you are slow, but you are trying really hard, but unable to tell the time? Well, you might have dyscalculia.What is dyscalculia?It is a learning disorder that affects a person's ability to understand number-based information and math. People struggle with numbers because their brains do not process math-related concepts. However, it does not mean that they are less intelligent or less capable than other people.What are the signs of dyscalculia?Difficulty telling time on an analog clock or with time calculationsStruggling with numeric operation, like subtraction, multiplication, and divisionMistakes when counting numbers backwards, skip counting and sequencing numbersDifficulty to cope with mental math and continuing with finger-countingUnable to see small quantities like 3,4,5, without having to count themConfusion of direction like left and rightConfusion on the aspects of moneyNot being able to recognize number patternsAnxiety in math classAs per a 2019 study published in Deutsches Ärzteblatt International, titled The Diagnosis and Treatment of Dyscalculia, stated that at least 3 to 7% of adults and children have dyscalculia. This data was based on the German primary school-aged-students.What causes it?While there are no definite answers, but as per the psychologist Jean Piaget, children learn primarily by manipulating objects until the age of 12. If children are not taught math with hands-on methods, between age 1 to 12, their ability to acquire math is disturbed.By this logic, a child who has never been taught to count using an abacus, or never shown multiplication using items that increase in tangible amounts, might be more likely to develop dyscalculia. However, there is no substantiate evidence of the same, yet.Who are at more risk?Children and adults who may be dyslexic, have attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), depression, and anxiety.Is Dyscalculia Genetic?There’s evidence that dyscalculia may have a genetic link. Math skills often run in families, as do learning difficulties, but it’s hard to separate nature from nurture.For instance, if you grew up with a parent who frequently said they were “terrible” at math and couldn’t help you with it, you might struggle with math too. More research is needed to fully understand the genetic role in learning disabilities like dyscalculia.How is Dyscalculia Diagnosed?Diagnosing dyscalculia involves several steps:Medical and Family History:A doctor will ask about your medical and family background. This helps rule out other potential causes, such as medical conditions that might be affecting learning.Specialized Testing:For Adults: You may be referred to a psychologist for further evaluation.For Children: A team of specialists, including a psychologist and a special education expert, will assess your child’s learning abilities to determine if dyscalculia is the right diagnosis.How is Dyscalculia Treated?While there’s no one-size-fits-all solution, there are effective strategies to manage dyscalculia for both children and adults.For ChildrenA special education specialist may recommend strategies like:Practicing basic math concepts (e.g., counting, addition) through repetition.Breaking lessons into smaller, manageable segments.Using small-group instruction to foster peer learning.Reinforcing concepts with hands-on activities and tangible demonstrations.Although more research is needed on the long-term success of these strategies, tailoring a treatment plan to your child’s strengths, needs, and interests is crucial.For AdultsManaging dyscalculia as an adult can be more challenging, especially outside of an academic environment. However, there are options:Exercises and educational resources recommended by healthcare professionals.Private tutoring or training programs to strengthen math-related neural pathways.Support for co-occurring conditions, like dyslexia, to build overall confidence in learning.