Varicose veins — swollen, twisted veins that often appear blue or purple — affect nearly a third of all adults. Though commonly seen as a cosmetic concern, they can cause discomfort and, in severe cases, lead to more serious health issues. Here's a breakdown of what causes them, how to manage symptoms at home, and when it's time to consider medical treatment.What Causes Varicose Veins?Varicose veins form when the valves in your veins stop working efficiently. These valves usually help blood return to the heart, but if they become weak or damaged, blood can pool in the veins, causing them to enlarge and twist.They tend to become more common with age, weight gain, lack of exercise, and prolonged sitting or standing. Both men and women can develop them.In some cases, varicose veins are harmless. But when they cause pain, swelling, or changes in the skin, they may require attention. According to The Washington Post, if left untreated, severe cases can lead to complications such as ulcers or blood clots in deeper veins.At-Home Relief for Mild Varicose VeinsIf your symptoms are mild, certain lifestyle changes and habits can help improve blood flow and reduce discomfort.Elevate Your LegsRaising your legs above heart level for 30 minutes, three to four times a day, can improve circulation and reduce swelling. Prop them up using pillows or rest them against a wall.Get MovingRegular aerobic activity enhances blood flow, particularly walking, which activates the calf muscles — essential for pushing blood upward from the legs. Swimming is another effective option because your legs remain at heart level. Simple movements like pointing your toes or standing on tiptoe can also support circulation throughout the day.Wear Compression Socks or StockingsThese garments gently squeeze your legs to help blood flow more efficiently. Available over-the-counter at pharmacies and online, they come in various lengths. The Washington Post notes that knee-high versions are sufficient for most people.When to See a Doctor?If home remedies don’t ease the pain or if you notice symptoms like significant swelling, skin discoloration, or open sores, it's best to consult a vascular surgeon. These specialists can assess how well the valves in your veins are working and may prescribe custom compression stockings or recommend other treatments.In more advanced cases, your doctor might suggest a compression pump — a sleeve that fits over your lower legs and applies controlled pressure — or prescription compression bandages to manage ulcers.Medical Procedures for Severe CasesIf symptoms persist despite conservative care, or if the skin is damaged, medical procedures like vein ablation may be necessary. This minimally invasive treatment uses lasers, radio-frequency energy, or mechanical devices to close off faulty veins and redirect blood flow through healthier ones. Often done under local anesthesia in outpatient settings, vein ablation is typically covered by insurance if it's for medical reasons.According to The Washington Post, this treatment alone resolves symptoms for about half of patients. However, it won’t make the veins disappear. For cosmetic removal, procedures like sclerotherapy — where a solution is injected into the vein to break it down — are available, though they’re generally not covered by insurance.While varicose veins can be uncomfortable and unsightly, many people manage them effectively with simple lifestyle changes. But if the condition worsens or affects your quality of life, don't hesitate to consult a specialist for long-term relief.