Since the day a baby is born, his or her body is pre-programmed with survival reflexes. One of these is the Moro reflex or the startle reflex, one of the numerous primitive reflexes of a newborn baby to facilitate adjustment to the new environment. It is an automatic response to unexpected stimuli, and yes, it might look dramatic but is crucial in your baby's neurological development.Pediatricians test for the Moro reflex at birth as an important marker of a newborn's nervous system function. Knowing what it is, how long it will last, and how to deal with its impact can assist new parents in helping their baby develop healthily.Though startling for parents and infants alike, the Moro reflex is a reassuring indication of normal neurological function. As infants develop and mature into more complex nervous systems, the reflex will simply disappear. In the meantime, parents can take easy measures to make their baby feel safe and minimize unnecessary startles.If any questions arise about the Moro reflex or if it lasts too long, parents don't need to hesitate to consult with a pediatrician. The management and understanding of this reflex can make some of the issues of newborn care a little less stressful for both babies and parents.What Does the Moro Reflex Look Like?The Moro reflex is simple to identify. If it is stimulated, a newborn will instantly arch their back, throw out their arms with open hands, and extend their legs. This is usually followed by bringing the arms back in, tightening the fists, and occasionally even crying. Although startling to see, the sequence is perfectly normal and a sign that your baby's spinal cord and brain are functioning properly.Parents usually notice the reflex when their baby is sleeping or being placed down, which can interfere with sleep. The reflex is not painful or uncomfortable for the baby, though it may seem so.Why Does Moro Reflex Occur?In essence, the Moro reflex is an evolutionary response to survival. It is thought to be the first self-protection attempt of a baby. The reflex is activated by the sensation of falling or sudden movement, getting the baby ready to recover balance. In the past, this reflex could have aided infants in hanging on to their caregivers, thus avoiding falls.Additionally, the reflex provides valuable insight into the infant’s neurological function. The presence and strength of the Moro reflex reassure doctors and parents that the baby's nervous system is developing correctly.How Long Does the Moro Reflex Last?The Moro reflex is visible at birth and normally reaches a peak during the first month. Most infants progressively lose the reflex between two to four months when their nervous system becomes more developed. By the age of six months, the reflex has typically disappeared.In the meantime, babies start improving in head control and voluntary movement, which obviously replaces the newborn's reflex movements.What causes the Moro Reflex?As babies are extremely sensitive to the surroundings, various stimuli may evoke the Moro reflex, such as:Rapid movement – The baby being lifted or set down too abruptly.A loud sound – A dog's bark, slamming of the door, or household noise.An intense light – Flicking a switch on a light in an environment with darkness.Sudden body movement – Position change or tilting the baby's head too abruptly.Internal triggers – At times, babies wake up startled by their own movements.Newborns have no control over their body parts, and thus they often end up startling themselves, and as a consequence, waking up many times through the night.How to Soothe a Baby Who Suffers from Moro Reflex?Although the Moro reflex is perfectly normal, it can trigger a baby and wake them up startled. The parents can resort to simple solutions to reduce its impact:1. Swaddle Your BabySwaddling is wrapping the baby tightly in a light blanket, replicating the womb's snug surroundings. A tight swaddle keeps the baby from making sudden arm movements that will induce the startle reflex. After a baby starts rolling over (about 3–4 months), though, swaddling must be stopped to prevent safety hazards.2. Hold Your Baby CloseWhen picking up or putting down your baby, ensure they feel secure by keeping their head and neck supported. Slow and controlled movements can help reduce the chances of triggering the reflex.3. Use White NoiseSudden noises can startle babies, but consistent background sounds, such as a white noise machine, a fan, or soft music, can help mask jarring sounds, making the baby feel more at ease.4. Make a Peaceful Sleep EnvironmentMaintaining a dark room and reducing loud noise can avoid unwanted startles, allowing the infant to sleep in peace.When to Worry?Physicians regularly examine the Moro reflex in infants, but there are instances where an absent or unusual reflex can reflect underlying problems. Parents need to see a pediatrician if they observe:No Moro reflex at birth – This can reflect neurological issues.An asymmetric reflex – When only one side of the body reacts, it may be a sign of nerve damage or a fracture of the clavicle.A persistent Moro reflex after six months – This can be associated with developmental delay or neurological disorders.A very weak or exaggerated reflex – Both can be a cause for medical assessment.Premature infants can have a weaker Moro reflex because of their immature nervous system, but this generally gets better over time.